scholarly journals High Resolution Computed Tomography Finding in 552 Patients with Symptomatic COVID-19: First Report from North of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Majidi ◽  
Elham-Sadat Bani-Mostafavi ◽  
Zahra Mardanshahi ◽  
Farnaz Godazandeh ◽  
Roya Gasemian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Picture Archiving And Communication

Abstract Purpose: Due to the emergence of the new Coronavirus-2019 and the lack of sufficient information about infected patients, this study was conducted to investigate the Chest High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) findings of patients infected with the new Coronavirus 2019.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on COVID-19 patients referred to Medical Imaging Centers of Sari, Mazandaran, Iran, on March 2020 for Computed Tomography Scan (CT-Scan). Symptomatic patients were referred to the Medical Imaging Center for diagnosis confirmation through CT-scan. In addition to age and sex, HRCT findings were collected from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) for further evaluations.Results: Out of 552 patients with mean age of 14.8 ± 51.2 years, the male/female ratio was 1.38 to 1. The most common expressive findings in patients were ground-glass opacity (GGO) (87.3%), peripheral distribution (82.4%) and posterior distribution (81.5%). The most conflicting findings in patients were pleural effusion (7.6%), peribronchovascular distribution (7.6%), and lymphadenopathy (5.1%). The peripheral distribution (p = 0.034), round opacities (p = 0.02), single lobe (p = 0.003) and pleural effusion (p = 0.037) were significantly in people under and over 50 years of age.Conclusion: In summary, the present study indicated that in addition to GGO, peripheral distribution findings could be a vital diagnostic choice in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals High Resolution Computed Tomography Finding in 552 Patients with Symptomatic COVID-19: First Report from North of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Majidi ◽  
Elham-Sadat Bani-Mostafavi ◽  
Zahra Mardanshahi ◽  
Farnaz Godazandeh ◽  
Roya Gasemian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Picture Archiving And Communication

Abstract Purpose: Due to the emergence of the new Coronavirus-2019 and the lack of sufficient information about infected patients, this study was conducted to investigate the Chest High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) findings of patients infected with the new Coronavirus 2019.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on COVID-19 patients referred to Medical Imaging Centers of Sari, Mazandaran, Iran, on March 2020 for Computed Tomography Scan (CT-Scan). Symptomatic patients were referred to the Medical Imaging Center for diagnosis confirmation through CT-scan. In addition to age and sex, HRCT findings were collected from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) for further evaluations.Results: Out of 552 patients with mean age of 14.8 ± 51.2 years, the male/female ratio was 1.38 to 1. The most common expressive findings in patients were ground-glass opacity (GGO) (87.3%), peripheral distribution (82.4%) and posterior distribution (81.5%). The most conflicting findings in patients were pleural effusion (7.6%), peribronchovascular distribution (7.6%), and lymphadenopathy (5.1%). The peripheral distribution (p = 0.034), round opacities (p = 0.02), single lobe (p = 0.003) and pleural effusion (p = 0.037) were significantly in people under and over 50 years of age.Conclusion: In summary, the present study indicated that in addition to GGO, peripheral distribution findings could be a vital diagnostic choice in COVID-19 patients.

Diagnostic Accuracy of HRCT Chest in Detection of Covid-19 Infection Taking PCR as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1679-1681
Author(s):  
Afaque Ali ◽  
Majid Shaikh ◽  
Ahsanullah . ◽  
Adeel Ahmed ◽  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest in detection of covid-19 infection taking PCR as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Setting: Radiology department of Tabba Hospital, Karachi. Duration: From March 2019 to September 2020 Material and Methods: All the clinically suspected patients of covid-19, of any age, both genders and those referred to radiology for High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest to detect the covid-19 infection were included. After two days, patients’ PCR reports were collected from the ward, after taking informed consent and permission from head of department. The diagnostic accuracy of HRCT was established with respect to sensitivity, PPV, NPV, and specificity by taking PCR as gold standard. All the information was collected via study proforma. Results: Total 70 patients suspected for COVID-19 were studied, and the patients’ mean age was 58.23±9.52 years. Males were in majority 54(77.1%). As per HRCT findings, COVID-19 infection was positive in 46 patients, however, 48 patients were detected positive for COVID-19 infection as per PCR findings. In the detection of COVID-19 infection, HRCT chest showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 90%, PPV of 83%, NPV of 84% and diagnostic accuracy of 94%; by taking PCR as gold standard. Conclusion: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is a reliable diagnostic approach in promptly detecting the COVID-19; with 91% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 83% positive predictive value, 84% negative predictive value and 94% diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Accuracy, HRCT, COVID-19

scholarly journals An Unusual Case of Dengue Fever with Necrotising Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazeem Fathima ◽  
Balamma Sujatha ◽  
Shami RP Kumar ◽  
S Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Female Child ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Thin Walled

Concurrent bacteremia in patients with dengue fever is rarely reported. Two and a half-year-old female child with fever, cough and cold for six days presented to Emergency Room (ER) with tachypnea, tachycardia and hepatomegaly. Investigations revealed dengue fever. Respiratory symptoms probed us to investigate the case further. High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) thorax showed moderate pleural effusion with collapse consolidation of left lung and a thin walled cavity with septations and fluid in left upper lobe. Child was treated with injection meropenem and vancomycin successfully.

scholarly journals High resolution computed tomography and chest radiography findings among interstitial lung disease patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Anusmriti Pal ◽  
Manoj Kumar Yadav ◽  
Chiranjibi Pant ◽  
Bishow Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Median Number ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, characterized by restrictive physiology, impaired gas exchange, pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Chest radiograph (CXR) may appear normal during initial course of the disease and may show few abnormalities. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest is a most ac­curate non-invasive, high spatial resolution descriptive imaging modality for evaluation of lung parenchyma. It assesses presence, location, type and characterization of ILD in appropriate clinical setting. Our aim was to study radiological patterns and its distribution in CXR and HRCT chest of ILD patients. Methods: This was an observational, single centered, cross-sectional study conducted at author’s place over the period of 6 months starting from January 2018 using convenient sampling method. Data analysis was done using students t-test for comparison of means and chi-square test for proportions. Results: A total of 30 suspected or diagnosed patients of ILD were enrolled in our study and pat­terns found on CXR were correlated with that on HRCT chest. The number of findings in HRCT chest for a patient was significantly higher than CXR (Median number: 4 verses 2, P<0.001), commonest reticular opacity 50% in CXR and 56.6% HRCT. One subject had normal CXR. Conclusion: HRCT was superior to CXR in detection of all basic patterns and their distribution as­sociated with ILD as higher numbers of findings were detected by HRCT chest as compared to CXR. HRCT chest could characterize the abnormality and specify its location much more accurately.

scholarly journals High-resolution computed tomography findings in eight patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego de Lacerda Barbosa ◽  
Bruno Hochhegger ◽  
Arthur Soares Souza Jr. ◽  
Gláucia Zanetti ◽  
Dante Luiz Escuissato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed HRCT findings from eight cases of HPS. All patients were men, aged 19-70 (mean, 41.7) years. Diagnoses were established by serological test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in all patients. Two chest radiologists analyzed the images and reached decisions by consensus. Results: The predominant HRCT findings were ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and smooth inter- and intralobular septal thickening, found in all eight cases; however, the crazy-paving pattern was found in only three cases. Pleural effusion and peribronchovascular thickening were observed in five patients. The abnormalities were bilateral in all patients. Conclusion: The predominant HRCT findings in patients with HPS were GGOs and smooth inter- and intralobular septal thickening, which probably correlate with the histopathologic findings of pulmonary edema.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of Radiological Profile of Interstitial Lung Disease Using High Resolution Computed Tomography of Patients Attending Medical College at Ahmedabad

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 1127-1132
Author(s):  
Nikunj C. Desai ◽  
Nilesh P. Parkar ◽  
Asutosh N. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Usual Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acute Interstitial Pneumonia

BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an unpredictable diffuse parenchymal lung disease, which involves interstitium of lung (tissue around the alveoli of the lungs). High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is one of the confirmatory, easily accessible methodology for the conclusion and follow up assessment of interstitial lung disease. We wanted to study the normal HRCT patterns found with interstitial lung disease and contrastingly different HRCT designs and clinical information in differential determination of pulmonary fibrosis. We also wanted to study the different patterns of interstitial lung disease on high resolution computed tomography and thereby provide accurate diagnosis and management to the patients. METHODS The study was a hospital based prospective, cross sectional study. In the present study, total fifty patients referred from Department of Medicine and Department of Pulmonary Medicine of GCS Medical College having suspicion of interstitial lung disease were studied from April 2019 to September 2019. All patients underwent HRCT thorax on 16 slice Siemens computerised tomography (CT) scan machine in recumbent position utilising usual HRCT protocol. Lung abnormalities were noticed and classified for explicit diagnosis of interstitial lung pathologies. RESULTS Most of the patients (N = 25) were found to be in the age group of 50 - 80 years (17 female & 8 male). Progressive dyspnoea (N = 47; 94 %) was the most common chief complaint. The most common form of interstitial lung disease was usual interstitial pneumonia (UIN) (N = 18; 36 %) in our study. Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) (N = 7; 14 %) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia, NSIP (N = 7; 14 %) were the next common interstitial lung diseases. CONCLUSIONS The most well-known interstitial lung disease seen in our examination was usual interstitial pneumonia. Cases of interstitial lung disease are on the rise. Interstitial lung disease should be ruled out in all patients with progressive dyspnoea, particularly when there are no obvious or known causes of dyspnoea. Clinical and laboratory findings, pulmonary function tests, history of exposure along with HRCT workup is indispensable for the identification or exclusion of interstitial lung disease. HRCT is also useful for the follow-up study. KEYWORDS Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (AIP), High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT), Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD), Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP), Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)

scholarly journals High resolution computed tomography of temporal bone in the evaluation of otologic diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Prakash S. Handi ◽  
Mallikarjun N. Patil ◽  
Nisha P.
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Bone Anomalies

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Conventional radiological methods like X-ray mastoid have limited ability to delineate the details of the complex temporal bone and cochlea-vestibular anatomy and disease pathology. This can be overcome by the use of High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) evaluation of the temporal bone. HRCT is helpful in evaluating the anatomy and pathology type and extent of disease, thereby helps in preoperative planning. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The CT scan of forty five patients attending the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology in a tertiary care centre between August 2014 to August 2017 was evaluated in this study. Each CT scan was interpreted by an otolaryngologist and a radiologist and interpretation was by consensus. The data collected was evaluated and results are reported as rates and proportions (%).  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The study evaluated CT scan of 45 patients of which 35 were male patients and 10 were female patients with age ranging from 5 years to 75 years. Most of these patients belonged to the 21-30, 31-40 age groups [9 (20%) in each group]. Infections of middle ear cleft (all with cholesteatoma), fractures of the temporal bone, anomalies and tumors of the external auditory canal and middle ear were the pathologies observed in these CT scans with infection (otomastoiditis) [23 (51.1%)] being the most common pathology observed. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Pre-operative CT scan may not only help in identifying the nature, extent of infectious disease including ossicular, bony erosions; it may also identify anomalies in the temporal bone and surrounding structures. Thus, HRCT temporal bone will help the surgeon in planning effective surgical strategy, reducing morbidity during the surgery.</span></p>

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ROLE OF ENDOBRONCHIAL WASHINGS AND BIOPSY IN SMEAR NEGATIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH HIGH RESOLUTION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CHEST FINDINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1341-45
Author(s):  
Maryam Hussain ◽  
Sultan Mehmood Kamran ◽  
Rizwan Azam ◽  
Asifullah Khan ◽  
Sohaib Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
Smear Negative

Objective: To determine role of endobronchial washings/biopsy in diagnosis of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis and evaluate their association with computed tomography findings. Study Design: Cross-sectional - analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pulmonology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2020. Methodology: Patients having symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis and abnormal findings on chest imaging with negative sputum smears for acid fast bacilli were selected for endobronchial washings. Bronchoscopy for washings was carried out in these patients and sample was sent for Acid fast bacilli stain, Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene Xpert and acid fast bacilli culture and sensitivity bacterial culture and fungal hyphae. In case of mass lung endobronchial and/or transbronchial lung biopsy was done and sample was sent for histopathology Active pulmonary tuberculosis was labelled as per definition. Results: Out of 105, 75 (71.4%) were male and 30 (28.6%) were female. Mean age was 55.69 ± 17.33 years. Total 40 (38.09%) were diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (based on smear, genexpert, culture and histopathology). In these 40 patients, computed tomographic findings showed consolidation in 10 (25%) cases, cavity in 7 (17.5%), bronchiectasis in 3 (7.5%), mass in 1 (2.5%), pleural effusion in 2 (5%), lymphadenopathy in 1 (2.5%) and tree-in-budappearance in 12 (30%) cases. Conclusion: High resolution computed tomography and endobronchial washing both combined together increase the diagnostic yield in smear negative cases.

Assessment of methacholine-induced airway constriction by ultrafast high-resolution computed tomography

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 2239-2250 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Amirav ◽  
S. S. Kramer ◽  
M. M. Grunstein ◽  
E. A. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Opening Pressure ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Airway Caliber ◽  
Airway Opening ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Pressure Changes

Assessment of changes in airway dimensions during bronchoconstriction is conventionally based on measurements of respiratory mechanics. We evaluated the efficacy of ultrafast high-resolution computed tomography (UHRCT) to directly determine the dynamic changes in cross-sectional area (CSA) of airways in response to methacholine (MCh). UHRCT scans were obtained at functional residual capacity before (baseline) and after intravenous bolus injections of MCh (10(-8.5)-10(-7.0) mol/kg) to seven mechanically ventilated pigs. Changes in CSA of bronchi of varying baseline size (1–10 mm diam) were determined by using a customized image processing software package (VIDA) based on a user-directed computer-adjusted edge-finding algorithm. MCh induced dose-dependent decreases in CSA, which were paralleled by increases in airway opening pressure at higher doses of MCh; at lower doses of MCh, decreases in CSA of smaller airways were detected without concomitant changes in airway opening pressure. Changes in CSA were heterogeneous and variable, especially in the smaller airway ranges. The results of the present study support the concept that UHRCT can be used in conjunction with bolus challenges to effectively determine dose-response changes in airway caliber in both large and small airways. This technique provides data that may not be reflected by conventional lung function measurements and, hence, is a useful tool to study airway reactivity.

scholarly journals HIGH RESOLUTION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE EVALUATION OF TEMPORAL BONE PATHOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Ram Jat ◽  
Sheena Daswani ◽  
Mark Sheldon ◽  
Neel Patel
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bone Pathology ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsies

Introduction: The temporal bone is a complex anatomic structure that contains the organs of hearing and balance and has direct contact with brainstem, cerebellum and temporal lobe of brain. Radiographic assessment of temporal bone is difficult owing to complicated anatomical structure of middle and inner ear. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) - a modification of routine CT produces images with higher contrast and a better spatial resolution. HRCT has the advantage of topographic visualization, devoid of artifacts from superimposition of structures. It provides information not only about bony outline but also soft tissue changes making it possible for the accurate assessment of pathology prior to surgical exploration regarding location, extent and complication of the disease. Material and methods: This was a cross sectional study of 50 patients who were clinically suspected of having symptoms related to the temporal bone like hearing loss, otorrhea, otalgia, tinnitus, vertigo, ear bleed, cranial nerve palsies, fever, ataxia etc were referred and subjected to HRCT of the temporal bone at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital (Udaipur) between Nov 2017 and June 2019. Results: CSOM and Cholesteatoma were the most common diseases found by HRCT and Intra-op/Follow-up scan followed by Fractures, acoustic neuroma, Glomus tympanicum and Atretic EAC. Almost all the lesions were correctly detected by HRCT when confirmed with Intra-op/follow up findings. Conclusion: HRCT can very accurately detect Temporal bone pathology. Keywords: HRCT, CSOM, CT

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