scholarly journals Risk Factors for Perineal Tears Among Women Delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda: A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwazo Mathias ◽  
Barageine Justus Kafunjo ◽  
Kazibwe Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Second Stage Of Labour ◽  
National Referral Hospital ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Perineal tear is a common complication of vaginal delivery with a significant negative impact on the quality of life. The condition commonly occurs among un-attended deliveries or those conducted by unskilled birth attendant especially in low-resource settings. The risk factors for perineal tear were not known at Kawempe Hospital. We conducted this study to determine the risk factors for perineal tear among women delivering at Kawempe National Referral Hospital, Uganda. Methods: This was a case control study that was conducted among women who had vaginal delivery at Kawempe National Referral Hospital from 20th December 2019 to 5th February 2020. Data on sociodemographic, maternal, fetal and provider characteristics were collected using an interviewer’s administered questionnaire. Risk factors were determined using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The risk factors for perineal tear were: maternal age of ≥20 years (AOR=7.24, 95% CI=2.28- 23.00, P<0.001), delivery by assistant nursing officer (AOR=16.39, 95% CI=5.74-46.81, p <0.001), primiparity (AOR=12.46, 95% CI,=3.41-45.52, P<0.001), single marital status (AOR=14.39 95%, CI=4.28-48.39, P<0.001), precipitate labour (AOR=7.8, 95% CI=2.21-27.55, P< 0.001), assisted vaginal delivery (AOR= 8.33, 95% CI=1.43-48.6, P<0.019), fetal weight ≥ 3.5Kg (AOR=2.19, 95% CI= 1.06- 4.53, P<0.033), duration of active first stage of labour ≥8 hours (AOR=12.65, 95% CI=5.65-28.25, P<0.001) and duration of second stage of labour > 1hour (AOR=10.21 95% CI=3.32-31.41, P<0.001). Conclusions. The risk factors for perineal tear during vaginal delivery at Kawempe National Referral Hospital were: maternal age ≥ 20 years, delivery by assistant nursing officer, primiparity, single marital status, precipitate labour, assisted vaginal delivery, fetal weight ≥ 3.5kg, duration of active first stage of labour ≥8 hours, duration of second stage of labour≥1hours.

scholarly journals Postpartum urinary retention after vaginal delivery: Assessment of risk factors in a case-control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabri Cavkaytar ◽  
Mahmut Kuntay Kokanali ◽  
Aysegul Baylas ◽  
Hasan Onur Topcu ◽  
Bergen Laleli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Postpartum Urinary Retention ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determinants of Selected Cardiovascular Diseases among Adult Patients at Cardiac Clinic of Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenkut Aragaw ◽  
Esubalew Tesfahun ◽  
Behailu Tariku Derseh ◽  
Betegiorgis Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Control Study

Background. Africans are experiencing a rapid epidemiological transition characterized by urbanization and lifestyle changes, which are thought to contribute to increased incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in many African countries, including Ethiopia. Despite this, however, there is scarcity of evidence on cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in the current research setting. This study thus aimed at assessing determinants of selected cardiovascular diseases among adult patients at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital (DBRH). Methodology. An unmatched case-control study was conducted on 143 newly diagnosed patients with CVDs and 286 controls at the cardiac clinic of DBRH from June to September 2017. Primary data were collected using the WHO-STEPS wise structured questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases at p values < 0.05. Result. The mean age of study participants is estimated as 45.5±13.8 and ranges from 25 to 64 years. Sixty-one (42.7%) of cases and 147 (51.4%) of controls are males. Half of the cases (49.9%) had ischemic heart diseases (IHD), and 44.1% of cases had hypertensive heart disease (HHD), whereas the rest had chronic valvular heart disease (CRVHD) (4.2%) and peripheral and vascular disease (2.1%). This study identified older age as a risk factor for CVD: age group 35–44 years (adjusted odds ratio AOR=2.20; 95% CI: 1.05–4.62), 45-54 years (AOR=4.23; 95% CI: 2.19–8.16), and 55-64 years (AOR=5.98; 95% CI: 3.26–10.98). Other risk factors were smoking history (AOR=9.52; 95% CI: 2.12–42.8), low level of physical activity (AOR=2.19; 95% CI: 1.10–5.02), and higher waist circumference (AOR=2.75; 95% CI: 1.16–6.56). Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that the most frequent risk factors for CVD were older age, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and abdominal obesity. Therefore, behavior change communication focusing on lifestyle modification including regular physical activities, smoking cessation, and a balanced diet should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Routine versus selective use of episiotomy in primigravida: a prospective non-randomized case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003
Author(s):  
Dipti A. Modi ◽  
Palak P. Vaishnav
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Perineal Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Second Stage Of Labour ◽  
Control Study

Background: Episiotomy is a surgically planned incision on the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall during second stage of labour. It is an inflicted second-degree perineal tear. Objective of this study was to determine the possible benefits and risks of the use of selective episiotomy versus routine episiotomy during delivery in primigravida.Methods: This is a prospective non-randomized case-control study designed to analyze and compare the maternal outcomes following routine versus selective use of episiotomy in primigravida. In control group, 122 patients were recruited and mediolateral episiotomy was given in all patients; while in study group, 61 patients were recruited, in whom episiotomy was given selectively.Results: In study group 61 patients were recruited, out of which episiotomy can be avoided in 23 (37.7%) of cases. There was no 3rd or 4th degree perineal tear found in any group. Perineal pain score on 3rd day postpartum was less in study group, as compared to control group on bed rest, sitting, walking and defecation.Conclusions: Selective use of episiotomy can improve maternal outcome by reducing perineal lacerations and those having intact perineum can have the best outcome when episiotomy is given selectively.

Risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma: A case-control study

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A442-A442
Author(s):  
B AVIDAN ◽  
A SONNENBERG ◽  
T SCHNELL ◽  
G CHEJFEC ◽  
A METZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOLOPROSENCEPHALY: A MANITOBA-BASED CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Vaz ◽  
B Chodirker ◽  
J Seabrook ◽  
C Prasad ◽  
A Chudley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study
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