Effects of Confounding Factors on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emrah Ersoy ◽  
Cuneyt Ardic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Blood pressure is influenced by biopsychosocial factors such as physical, environmental, emotional, cognitive and behavioral in hypertensive patients. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate confounding factors in hypertensive patients who have poor blood pressure control.DesignThis study was designed as a cross-sectional study.ParticipantsOur sample was 407 patients with hypertension in Rize, a Northern city in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. In study group, there were 207 hypertensive patients who had admission to emergency department due to high blood pressure. In control group, there were 200 hypertensive patients visiting family physician,who defined themselves as having regulated blood pressure over the past six months.Main MeasuresPatients completed the questionnaire including sociodemographic data, lifestyle behaviors, health risks and confounding factors via the face-to-face interview method. Key ResultsOf the hypertensive patients, 81.2% (n=168) of the study group and 34.0% (n=68) of the control group had confounding factors. There was a significant difference between the hypertensive patients of study and control group in terms of their confounding factors (p<0.001). When we asked the patients of study group questions to reveal their confounding factors, 21.3% (n=44) stated ‘anger’, 12.6% (n=26) ‘sadness’, 11.1% (n=23) ‘anxiety’, 10.6% (n=22) ‘depressed’, 9.2% (n=19) ‘unhealthy diet’, 7.2% (n=15) ‘fatigue and poor sleep quality’, and 3.9% (n=8) ‘irregular medication’. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in hypertensive patients having confounding factors than those without confounding factors (p=0.001, p=0.001, respectively). Mean systolic blood pressure of hypertensives who stated their confounding factor as ‘anger’ was significantly higher than those the remaining groups (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study has shown that confounding factors impair blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. Confounding factors should be kept in mind and revealed in case of poor blood pressure control in hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genes deletion polymorphisms and blood pressure control among treated essential hypertensive patients in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Karim Sombié ◽  
Daméhan Tchelougou ◽  
Abdoul Karim Ouattara ◽  
Jonas Koudougou Kologo ◽  
Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objective Glutathione S-transferases have been associated with experimental resistance to some drugs. The present study investigated the factors associated with blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertension, especially the role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes polymorphisms. This cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso consisted of 200 patients with essential hypertension and under treatment. Results In the present study, 57.5% (115/200) of patients had their hypertension under control. No statistically significant difference was found between controlled and uncontrolled groups for anthropometric and biochemical parameters as well as for GSTT1 or GSTM1 gene polymorphisms (all p > 0.05). Current alcohol consumption (OR = 3.04; CI 1.88–6.13; p < 0.001), Physical inactivity (OR = 3.07; CI 1.71–5.49; p < 0.001), severe hypertension before any treatment (Grade III [OR = 3.79; CI 2.00–7.17; p < 0.001]) and heart damage (OR = 3, 14; CI 1.59–6.02; p < 0.001) were statistically more frequent in uncontrolled essential hypertensive patients than controlled hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic, Clinical Characteristics and Status of Hypertension Control among Rural Hypertensive Patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MDU Islam ◽  
SY Ali ◽  
AM Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Males And Females

Hypertension is an important independent predictor of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular accidents and death. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension is rapidly increasing in developing countries. A cross sectional study was conducted among 103 hypertensive patients during December 2009 to June 2010 in Goshair Hat Upazilla of Shariatpur District to determine the socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and status of control of hypertension in rural population. Respondents were distributed more or less equally among males and females. The mean ± SD and median age of the respondents were calculated as 59.97 ± 11.12 years, with 64% of them were included in the age group of 51 to 70 years. More than half of the respondents were housewives (51.5%), which were followed by businessmen (21.4%). Every three of five patients were over weight, while 22.3% respondents were obese. One third of the respondents were also diabetic (33%). None of the 103 patients had achieved the target for SBP (Systolic blood pressure) control (<140mm of Hg) and only 21.4% of the patients had achieved the target for DBP (Diastolic blood pressure) control (<90 mm of Hg). Again none of the diabetic hypertensive patients had achieved the target for SBP control (<130mm of Hg) and only one patient had achieved the target for DBP control (<80 mm of Hg). Overall five patients were found to have uncontrolled and severe hypertension (BP >180/110 mm of Hg), all of whom were female. From this study control of hypertension was found poor among rural hypertensive population. For effectively combating the burden of hypertension in this population, education and awareness about hypertension needs to be given priority. Key words: Hypertension; socio-demographic characteristics; rural area; control of blood pressure DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7402 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 05-09

scholarly journals Blood pressure control of hypertensive patients followed in a high complexity clinic and associated variables

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Chaves Coelho ◽  
Mayra Cristina da Luz Pádua Guimarães ◽  
Cassia Lima de Campos ◽  
Carime Farah Florido ◽  
Giovanio Vieira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Associated Variables

Abstract Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a disease that has a high impact on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity; however, it is still insufficiently controlled. Objectives: To assess hypertension control in patients seen at a specialized clinic and to identify associated variables. Method: Cross-sectional study involving the analysis of medical records from 782 patients treated in a highly complex outpatient clinic. Inclusion criteria: age ≥18 years, diagnosed with hypertension, in treatment ≥6 months. Patients with secondary hypertension (104) and incomplete data (64) were excluded. The main outcome was blood pressure control (systolic <140 and diastolic <90 mmHg). The independent variables studied were: sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (use of drugs, comorbidities and laboratory tests). Pearson's χ2 tests, Fisher's test, Student's t and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were performed in the bivariate analysis and logistic regression in the multiple analyses, adopting p≤0.05. Results: The prevalence of hypertensive control was 51.1%. It was associated with a lack of control: body mass index (OR = 1.038; 95% CI = 1.008 - 1.071), history of stroke (OR = 0.453; 95% CI = 0.245 - 0.821), left ventricular hypertrophy (OR = 1.765; 95% CI = 1.052 - 3.011), and number of medications (OR = 1.082; 95% CI = 1.033 - 1.136). Conclusion: About half of the hypertensive patients had their blood pressure controlled; clinical variables and target organ damage were associated with the control.

scholarly journals Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 Genes Deletion Polymorphisms and Blood Pressure Control Among Treated Essential Hypertensive Patients in Burkina Faso.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Karim SOMBIE ◽  
Daméhan Tchélougou ◽  
Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho ◽  
Jonas Koudougou Kologo ◽  
Abdoul Karim OUATTARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gstm1 Gene ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract ObjectiveGlutathione S-transferases have been associated with experimental resistance to some drugs. The present study investigated the factors associated with blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertension, especially the role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes polymorphisms. This cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso consisted of 200 patients with essential hypertension and under treatment. ResultsThis cross-sectional study population consisted of 57.5 % (115/200) of patients with their hypertension under control. No statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was found between controlled and uncontrolled (SBP and/or DBP) groups for anthropometric and biochemical parameters as well as for GSTT1 or GSTM1 gene polymorphisms. However, current alcohol consumption (OR = 3.04; CI = 1.88 - 6.13; p < 0.001), physical inactivity (OR = 3.07; CI = 1.71 - 5.49; p < 0.001), severity of hypertension (Grade III [OR = 3.79; CI = 2.00 - 7.17; p < 0.001]) and heart damage (OR = 3, 14; CI = 1.59 - 6.02; p < 0.001) were statistically more frequent in uncontrolled essential hypertension group than controlled group.

scholarly journals The Role of Lifestyle Factors in Controlling Blood Pressure among Hypertensive Patients in Two Health Facilities in Urban Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emefa Modey Amoah ◽  
Darlene Esinam Okai ◽  
Adom Manu ◽  
Amos Laar ◽  
Joseph Akamah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Introduction. Despite efforts to combat hypertension by pharmacotherapy, hypertension control rates remain low. Lifestyle modifications of individuals diagnosed with hypertension have prospects for the prevention and control of hypertension. This study assessed the effect of modifiable lifestyle factors on blood pressure control among adults in urban Accra. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 360 diagnosed hypertensive patients who were ≥18 years old, selected from two secondary-level referral hospitals in the Greater Accra Region, were interviewed. Demographic information, diet components, and exercise assessments as well as blood pressure measurements were taken. Chi-squared tests and binomial logistic regression were used to determine the association between demographic and lifestyle factors with blood pressure control. Area under the receiver-operator curves (AUROC) was used to identify lifestyle factors predicting optimal blood pressure control among patients diagnosed with hypertension. Results. Approximately 54.2% of participants had no knowledge of either causes or complications of hypertension. Similarly, 52.5% of patients that had not achieved blood pressure control lacked knowledge of causes or complications of hypertension. Longer time since diagnosis of 2–5 years (AOR = 0.08 (95% CI: 0.01–0.47)) and 6–10 years (AOR = 0.08 (95% CI: 0.01–0.50)) and diets, mainly composed of meat (AOR = 0.13 (95% CI: 0.02–0.70)) and starch (AOR = 0.14 (95% CI: 0.03–0.79)), predicted poor blood pressure control compared to patients diagnosed within a year and diets without meat and starch as main components, respectively. Additionally, engaging in some physical activity of 30 minutes to one hour (AOR = 5.64 (95% CI: 2.08–15.32)) and more than an hour (AOR = 11.38, 95% CI: 2.01–64.47)) predicted blood pressure control. Conclusion. The study concludes that increased physical activity, abstaining from alcohol and smoking, increased intake of fruits and vegetables, and reduced intake of carbohydrates, meat, and fat have a positive influence on blood pressure control. Lifestyle modifying factors have a key role in complementing pharmacotherapy in hypertension control.

Differences Between Office and 24-Hour Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients With CKD: A 5,693-Patient Cross-sectional Analysis From Spain

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Gorostidi ◽  
Pantelis A. Sarafidis ◽  
Alejandro de la Sierra ◽  
Julian Segura ◽  
Juan J. de la Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis
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