scholarly journals A 3-Week Dynamic Differences of Immunological Parameters in Severe and Non-severe COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Weixia Li ◽  
Chenglu Huang ◽  
Liang Chen
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Cytokine Profiles ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Objective We aimed to compare the dynamic differences of immunological parameters in severe and non-severe COVID-19. Methods In this study, the cytokine profiles and lymphocyte subsets of 70 patients (31 severe COVID-19 and 39 non-severe COVID-19) were longitudinally analyzed. Results Compared with non-severe cases, severe cases had higher age (64 vs 36 years, p<0.001), more common comorbidities (74.2% vs 15.4%, p<0.001), and more frequently lymphopenia (0.7 vs 1.6×109/L, p<0.001). Severe cases had markedly higher levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 than non-severe cases from baseline to 3 weeks after admission (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed in the levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-12P70, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-α, and IFN-γ between the two groups during the follow-up (p > 0.05). The absolute numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD45+ T cells were markedly lower in severe cases compared with that in non-severe cases from baseline to 3 weeks after admission (p<0.001). The decrease of T lymphocyte subsets reached its peak from day 1 to 3 after admission, and gradually increased from day 4 to 21 in the non-severe group; however, reached its peak from day 4 to 7 after admission, and sustained at a low levels in the severe group. Conclusion The dynamic changes of cytokine profiles and T lymphocyte subsets are related with the disease severity of patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in malignant obstructive jaundice before and after external and internal biliary drainage

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052097074
Author(s):  
Jianli An ◽  
Yanchao Dong ◽  
Yanguo Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Han ◽  
Junfeng Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Biliary Drainage ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Biliary Stents ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Malignant Obstructive Jaundice ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Objective To study changes in T lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and liver enzymes in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) before and after external biliary drainage (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage, PTCD) and internal biliary drainage (percutaneous transhepatic insertion of biliary stents, PTIBS). Methods MOJ patients undergoing PTCD (n = 44) and PTIBS (n = 38) at our hospital were enrolled in the study from January 2017 until December 2019. Peripheral blood total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), CD3+%, CD4+%, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured before and 1 week after biliary drainage. Results There was no significant difference in any parameter between the two groups before biliary drainage. TBIL, DBIL, AST and ALT following PTCD were significantly lower than before PTCD. By contrast, CD3+%, CD4+%, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α showed no significant difference before and 1 week after PTCD. TBIL, DBIL, AST, ALT, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly lower following PTIBS than before PTIBS. CD3+%, CD4+%, CD4+/CD8+ ratio and IL-2 were significantly higher following PTIBS than before PTIBS. Conclusion Both PTCD and PTIBS were effective for treatment of MOJ, but PTIBS was more beneficial for recovery of immune function.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a Master Transcription Factor of Th1 Cells, T-bet, Within Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongfei Tian ◽  
Jing Xing ◽  
Xiaoqian Tang ◽  
Heng Chi ◽  
Xiuzhen Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Paralichthys Olivaceus ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Edwardsiella Tarda ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Ifn Γ

T-bet, a T-box family member, is a transcription factor essential for the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th1 cells that are involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, the transcription factor T-bet of flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was cloned and characterized, and its expression profile after infection was analyzed. T-bet+ cells were identified in flounder, and the expression and localization of T-bet in T lymphocyte subsets and B lymphocytes were investigated. Finally, the proliferation of T-bet+ cells, T lymphocyte subsets, and B lymphocytes were studied after stimulation with IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-6, respectively, and the variations of some transcription factors and cytokines in CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were detected. The results showed that T-bet in flounder consists of 619 aa with a conserved T-box DNA binding domain. T-bet was abundantly expressed in the spleen, head kidney, and heart, and it was significantly upregulated after infection with Vibrio anguillarum, Edwardsiella tarda, and Hirame rhabdovirus, especially in the group of Edwardsiella tarda. A polyclonal antibody against recombinant protein of T-bet was prepared, which specifically recognized the natural T-bet molecule in flounder. T-bet+ cells were found to be distributed in the lymphocytes of peripheral blood, spleen, and head kidney, with the highest proportion in spleen, and the positive signals of T-bet occurred in the cell nucleus. T-bet was also detected in the sorted CD4-1+, CD4-2+, CD8+ T lymphocytes, and IgM+ B lymphocytes. In addition, T-bet+ cells, coordinated with CD4-1+ and CD4-2+ T lymphocytes, were proliferated after stimulation with IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-6. Especially in sorted CD4-1+ and CD4-2+ T lymphocytes, IFN-γ and IL-2 were able to upregulate the expression of T-bet, forming a positive feedback loop in Th1-type cytokine secretion. These results suggest that T-bet may act as a master transcription factor regulating flounder CD4+ T lymphocytes involved in a Th1-type immune response.

T-lymphocyte subsets and thymic size in malnourished infants in Egypt: a hospital-based study

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1031-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Nassar ◽  
N.T. Younis ◽  
A.G. Tohamy ◽  
D.M. Dalam ◽  
M.A. El Badawy
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets

scholarly journals Flow cytometric analysis of T lymphocytes and cytokines in aqueous humor of patients with varicella zoster virus-mediated acute retinal necrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Kang ◽  
Yunbo Wei ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Di Yu ◽  
Yong Tao
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Varicella Zoster Virus ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes

Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the aqueous humor (AH) T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) to elucidate the immunologic inflammatory features of this disorder. Methods Three patients with ARN infected with varicella zoster virus (VZV) who underwent multiple intravitreal injections of ganciclovir were enrolled in this study. The control group consisted of four non-infectious patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU). Flow cytometric analysis was performed on the lymphocyte subsets from the AH and peripheral blood (PB) samples during the active phase of intraocular inflammation. Five inflammatory cytokines were measured in each AH sample and various clinical characteristics were also assessed. Results VZV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in AH from all the ARN patients, who showed higher CD8+ T lymphocytes population in AH than the AAU patients (p = 0.006). CD4/CD8 ratios of T lymphocytes and the percentage of CD8 + CD25+ T lymphocytes in AH were significantly lower in ARN than in AAU (p = 0.006; p = 0.012). In the ARN patients, the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in AH were higher than those found in PB. The percentage of CD4 + CD25+ T lymphocytes in AH was significantly higher than the proportion in PB in the AAU patients (p = 0.001). Immunoregulatory cytokine Interleukin-10 in AH was significantly elevated in the ARN patients in comparison with the case of the AAU patients (p = 0.036). In ARN, the copy number of VZV DNA in AH positively correlated with the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes in AH and negatively correlated with the CD4/CD8 ratio in AH during the course of disease treatment (p = 0.009, r = 0.92; p = 0.039, r = − 0.834). Conclusion The ARN patients caused by VZV had different intraocular T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines profile than those of the non-infectious patients. High percentages of CD8+ T lymphocytes and low CD4/CD8 T cell ratios may be a potential biomarker for diagnosis of viral-infectious uveitis. T lymphocytes examination at the inflammatory sites has the potential to become a useful research tool for differentiating viral and non-viral uveitis.

scholarly journals High Levels of TNF-α and TIM-3 as a Biomarker of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in People with HIV Infection

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Lucero A. Ramon-Luing ◽  
Ranferi Ocaña-Guzman ◽  
Norma A. Téllez-Navarrete ◽  
Mario Preciado-García ◽  
Dámaris P. Romero-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an exacerbated immune response that can occur to HIV+ patients after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). IRIS pathogenesis is unclear, but dysfunctional and exhausted cells have been reported in IRIS patients, and the TIM-3/Gal-9 axis has been associated with chronic phases of viral infection. This study aimed to evaluate the soluble levels of TIM-3 and Gal-9 and their relationship with IRIS development. TIM-3, Gal-9, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, TNFR1, TNFR2, E-cadherin, ADAM10, and ADAM17 were measured to search for IRIS-associated biomarkers in plasma samples from 0-, 4-, 8-, 12-, and 24-weeks after ART initiation of 61 HIV+ patients (15 patients developed IRIS, and 46 did not). We found that patients who developed IRIS had higher levels of TIM-3 [median 4806, IQR: 3206–6182] at the time of the IRIS events, compared to any other follow-up time evaluated in these patients or compared with a control group of patients who did not develop IRIS. Similarly, IRIS patients had a higher TNF-α level [median 10.89, IQR: 8.36–12.34] at IRIS events than any other follow-up time evaluated. Other molecules related to the TIM-3 and TNF-α pathway (Gal-9, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNFR1, TNFR2, ADAM-10, and ADAM-17) did not change during the IRIS events. In conclusion, our data suggest that a high level of soluble TIM-3 and TNF-α could be used as an IRIS biomarker.

scholarly journals CD8+ T lymphocyte is a main source of interferon-gamma production in Takayasu’s arteritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Long Ren ◽  
Tao-Tao Li ◽  
Wei Cui ◽  
Li-Min Zhao ◽  
Na Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Takayasu’S Arteritis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Takayasu's Arteritis ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Ifn Γ

AbstractInterferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK). However, the source of IFN-γ in TAK patients is not fully clear. We aimed to investigate the source of IFN-γ in TAK. 60 TAK patients and 35 health controls were enrolled. The lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry, cytokines were detected by Bio-plex. The correlation among lymphocyte subsets, cytokines and disease activity indexes was analyzed by person correlation. The level of serum IFN-γ in TAK patients was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD3+IFN-γ+ cells in peripheral blood CD3+ cells was significantly higher in TAK patients than that of healthy control group (P = 0.002). A higher proportion of CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+ cells/CD3+IFN-γ+ cells (40.23 ± 11.98% vs 35.12 ± 11.51%, P = 0.049), and a significantly lower CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+/ CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+ ratio (1.34 ± 0.62% vs 1.80 ± 1.33%, P = 0.027) were showed in the TAK group than that of control group. The CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+/CD3+IFN-γ+ ratio was positively correlated with CD3+IFN-γ+cells/ CD3+cells ratio (r = 0.430, P = 0.001), serum IFN-γ level (r = 0.318, P = 0.040) and IL-17 level (r = 0.326, P = 0.031). It was negatively correlated with CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+/CD3+IFN-γ+ ratio (r = − 0.845, P < 0.001). IFN-γ secreted by CD3+CD8 + T cells is an important source of serum IFN-γ in TAK patients.

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