scholarly journals The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Bellard ◽  
Cosimo Urgesi ◽  
Valentina Cazzato
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Bodily Appearance ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Body Recognition

Abstract Purpose: Despite the fact that ageing causes dramatic changes in bodily appearance, little is known about how self-body recognition changes across life span. Here, we investigated whether older, compared to younger women, differed in the ability of recognising their own than other women’s body parts and whether this effect was associated to negative body image dispositions. Methods: Twenty-eight young (Mage: 25.93 yrs, SDage = 4.74) and 25 middle-aged (Mage: 54.36 yrs, SDage = 4.54) women completed an implicit task consisting in visual matching of self and others’ body parts and an explicit self-other body discrimination task. Stimuli comprised of images of body parts of the participant and of other age- and BMI- matched models, which were presented in the original size or modified to look rounder or thinner. Self-report measures of abnormal body image concerns and appearance-related worries for specific body parts were also collected. Results: Whilst both groups showed a self-body advantage in the implicit, but not in the explicit task, the advantage was notably bigger for the younger group. However, the implicit self-advantage was higher in those middle-age women that displayed more abnormal body image concerns and worries for specific body parts. Furthermore, the two groups were comparably less able in recognizing their body parts when presented thinner as compared to rounder or in their actual size. Conclusions: Overall, these findings open the possibility that, as women age, their implicit self-recognition abilities may decline in association with more negative body image dispositions.

scholarly journals Self-body recognition and attitudes towards body image in younger and older women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Bellard ◽  
Cosimo Urgesi ◽  
Valentina Cazzato
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Bodily Appearance ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Body Recognition

AbstractDespite the fact that ageing causes dramatic changes in bodily appearance, little is known about how self-body recognition changes across life span. Here, we investigated whether older, compared to younger women, differed in the ability of recognising their own than other women’s body parts and whether this effect was associated to negative body image dispositions. Twenty-eight young (Mage: 25.93 years, SDage = 4.74) and 25 middle-aged (Mage: 54.36 years, SDage = 4.54) women completed an implicit task consisting of visual matching of self and others’ body parts and an explicit self–other body discrimination task. Stimuli comprised of images of body parts of the participant and of other age- and BMI-matched models, which were presented in the original size or modified to look rounder or thinner. Measures of adiposity (i.e. BMI), body image concerns and appearance-related worries for specific body parts and for the whole body were also collected. Whilst both groups showed a self-body advantage in the implicit, but not in the explicit task, the advantage was notably bigger for the younger group. However, the implicit self-advantage was higher in those middle-aged women that displayed more body image concerns and worries for specific body parts. Furthermore, the two groups were comparably less able in recognising their body parts when presented thinner as compared to rounder or in their actual size. Overall, these findings open the possibility that, as women age, their implicit self-recognition abilities may decline in association with more negative body image dispositions.

scholarly journals Disentangling the contributions of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism to drive for thinness and drive for muscularity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253187
Author(s):  
Leonie Hater ◽  
Johanna Schulte ◽  
Katharina Geukes ◽  
Ulrike Buhlmann ◽  
Mitja D. Back
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Drive For Muscularity ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Muscular Ideal ◽  
Future Work

Body image concerns revolving around body ideals (thin ideal, muscular ideal) are widespread among women. Whereas a stronger preoccupation with ideal physical appearance is often assumed for narcissistic women, previous empirical findings have been mixed. Following a tripartite structure of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism facets, we reexamined whether trait narcissism predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. We further explored the role of importance of appearance as a mediator and moderator of the relation between narcissism and body image concerns. Latent structural equation modeling was applied to self-report data from two independent nonclinical female samples (NSample1 = 224, NSample2 = 342). Results underlined the importance of distinguishing between narcissism facets: Neurotic (but not agentic or antagonistic) narcissism uniquely predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. Importance of appearance mediated but did not robustly moderate these relations. Hence, neurotic narcissistic women (characterized by hypersensitivity, shame, and a fragile self-esteem) are particularly prone to body image concerns. This vulnerability seems partly driven by how much importance they ascribe to their appearance. Future work might build on these insights to further unravel the processes linking neurotic narcissism to body image concerns and how these can be targeted in practical interventions.

Disentangling the Contributions of Agentic, Antagonistic, and Neurotic Narcissism to Drive for Thinness and Drive for Muscularity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Hater ◽  
Johanna Schulte ◽  
Katharina Geukes ◽  
Ulrike Buhlmann ◽  
Mitja Back
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Drive For Muscularity ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Muscular Ideal ◽  
Future Work

Body image concerns revolving around body ideals (thin ideal, muscular ideal) are widespread among women. Whereas a stronger preoccupation with ideal physical appearance is often assumed for narcissistic women, previous empirical findings have been mixed. Following a tripartite structure of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism facets, we reexamined whether trait narcissism predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. We further explored the role of importance of appearance as a mediator and moderator of the relation between narcissism and body image concerns. Latent structural equation modeling was applied to self-report data from two independent nonclinical female samples (NSample1 = 224, NSample2 = 342). Results underlined the importance of distinguishing between narcissism facets: Neurotic (but not agentic or antagonistic) narcissism uniquely predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. Importance of appearance mediated but did not robustly moderate these relations. Hence, neurotic narcissistic women (characterized by hypersensitivity, shame, and a fragile self-esteem) are particularly prone to body image concerns. This vulnerability seems partly driven by how much importance they ascribe to their appearance. Future work might build on these insights to further unravel the processes linking neurotic narcissism to body image concerns and how these can be targeted in practical interventions.

Spousal influence: A study of women with eating and body image concerns

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531987394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy C Birmingham ◽  
Adriane Q Cavallini ◽  
Jordan Sgro
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Supportive Relationships ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Supportive Behaviors ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Spousal Influence ◽  
Mixed Messages ◽  
Eating Disorder Behaviors

Eating disorder literature often overlooks those exhibiting eating and body image concerns without an eating disorder diagnosis. Supportive spouses may ameliorate negative body image and eating behavior, but spouses who exhibit both supportive and non-supportive behaviors concurrently (ambivalent) may send mixed messages. Eating disorder behaviors and spousal interactions were assessed in 61 women who demonstrated eating disordered behavior and body dissatisfaction but were not clinically diagnosed with an eating disorder. Spouses mostly provided messages of reassurance. However, some women were unable to overcome their internalized negative body image. Feelings of social comparison were seen with ambivalent spouses. Supportive relationships may be protective, but actual interventions may be needed to change negative body image.

scholarly journals Body Image Concerns and Body Weight Overestimation Do Not Promote Healthy Behaviour: Evidence from Adolescents in Lithuania

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskiene ◽  
Migle Baceviciene
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Healthy Behaviour

The present study aimed to explore the associations between body image concerns, body weight evaluation, disordered eating, nutrition habits, self-esteem, and physical activity (PA) in a mixed sample of adolescents of both genders. Methods. A total sample of 579 adolescents (299, 51.6% were girls) participated in this study. The participants ranged in age from 14–16 years old (M = 15.0, SD = 0.4). Respondents provided their answers filling in the questionnaires consisting of a battery of self-report questionnaires. An analysis of covariance was employed to test the hypothesis about the differences in body image concerns in the groups of BMI and body weight estimation controlling for gender. Results. Adolescents with a higher body mass index (BMI) and those overestimating body weight reported a higher body dissatisfaction (BD), a drive for thinness (DT), social physique anxiety (SPA), disordered eating, and lower self-esteem, but there were no differences in PA. Body weight overestimation was more prevalent in girls, yet body weight underestimation was more prevalent in boys. In girls, a higher BMI and body weight overestimation were associated with having less sweets, a lower frequency of having breakfast and for just a lower BMI alone—with consuming less fats, spreads, and oils. In boys, the BMI was associated with consuming less fruits and berries. The boys’ body weight overestimation was related to a lower reported number of meals, a lower frequency of breakfast, and a lower consumption of milk, cheese, yogurt, fats, spreads, and oils. Body dissatisfaction in boys and girls was negatively related to the number of meals, DT is related to a lower breakfast consumption (in girls), SPA was related to a lower nutrition score (in boys), the number of meals (boys and girls), and a lower use of meat and vegetables (boys). Conclusions. Adolescents with a higher BMI and body weight overestimation demonstrated higher body image concerns, lower self-esteem and a poorer eating-related behavioural profile. Body image concerns and body weight overestimation did not promote healthy behaviour in adolescents. It is critical to promote a positive body image, adequate body weight evaluation, self-esteem, and a healthy lifestyle in health promotion and health education programs for adolescents of both genders and different BMIs.

A Novel, Disease-Specific Self-Report Instrument to Measure Body Image Concerns in Patients With Head and Neck Skin Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon T. Beal ◽  
Emily K. White ◽  
Anit K. Behera ◽  
Ashley E. McGuinness ◽  
Amy E. Zavell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Disease Specific

Escaping from Revulsion - Disgust and Escape in Response to Body-Relevant Autobiographical Memories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula von Spreckelsen ◽  
Ineke Wessel ◽  
Klaske A. Glashouwer ◽  
Peter J. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Memory Specificity ◽  
Concrete Body ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
Cue Words

The term Repulsive Body Image (RBI) refers to a schematic construct combining body-directed self-disgust and other negative body image features. As a self-schema, the RBI is assumed to bias information processing, including autobiographical memory retrieval. When specific memories about the own body are retrieved in a direct (automatic) fashion, intense self-disgust may arise. This may trigger attempts to escape from those memories which, in turn, might further strengthen the RBI. We asked 133 women with high (H-RBI; n = 63) and low (L-RBI; n = 70) levels of habitual body-directed self-disgust to recall autobiographical memories in response to 11 concrete body-related cue words in a minimal instructions Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT). Despite an overall low level of memory specificity, we found that RBI levels were associated with stronger disgust reactions and stronger tendencies to escape from body-related memories. In addition, increased disgust reactions to body-related memories accounted for the association between habitual levels of self-disgust and increased tendencies to escape from these memories. Thus, the findings indicated that women with body image concerns showed disgust-based escape from body-related memories. This disgust-based inclination to avert from body-related autobiographical memories might counteract the correction of an RBI, thereby contributing to the persistence of body image concerns and associated psychopathology.

scholarly journals Body Image Issues Faced by Adolescents in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shefali Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Body Image Disturbances ◽  
Image Building ◽  
Body Image Issues

Body image is a self-attitude towards one’s body, such as, with respect to its size, shape and aesthetics. Increasing importance is given to physical appearance in modern societies as is evident from media depictions and boom in the grooming industry. These patterns can be observed all over the country due to increasing impact of globalization and modernization in India. The influence of such changing demands can act as a strong factor in determining self beliefs of adolescents. A negative body image at an early age can over shadow the self-concept and self-esteem beliefs of an individual. In the present study, using a self report questionnaire, a total of 115 participants between the ages of 14 to 16 years were asked questions about their body image and related self beliefs. As indicated in previous researches, preoccupation with body image was observed in adolescents with many adolescents reporting negative attitudes towards self. In addition, it was seen that body image disturbances were consistent across gender. Thus, it is important for schools to recognize that they need to provide guidance to students on issues like body image and self beliefs as they can have a significant impact on mental health of adolescents. The paper concludes by suggesting some measures for schools to promote positive body image building in students as well as help enhance their understanding of self and surroundings.

scholarly journals The Effect of Naturism on Body Image and Interoceptive Awareness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interoceptive Awareness ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder Examination ◽  
Body Therapy

Research considering the benefits of Naturism on body image recently re-emerged after decades of neglect. The present study continued prior work assessing positive body image and went further adding an instrument used to assess Eating Disorder treatment efficacy expecting to benchmark naturists with very low symptomatology scores. Self-report Interoceptive testing was also employed to consider neurological underpinnings and benefits of their exceptional resilience. 43 naturists (37 male), average age 57, and 36 controls (21 male), average age 38, British origin, participated online. Utilizing the Body Appreciation Scale 2 and The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, naturists consistently, significantly achieved higher positive, and lower negative body image scores across all measures. Naturist results on the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness 2 across all dimensions were also persistently higher than controls. Naturist results confirm their position as a unique population demonstrating exceptionally high negative body image resilience, this coupled with potential advantageous neurological benefits that with further investigation could lead to naturism becoming a proactive mind-body therapy to help prevent eating disorders. Comprehensive future philosophical, phenomenological and longitudinal research options were also put forward.

Body Image Concerns and Associated Impairment Among Adults Seeking Body Contouring Following Bariatric Surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke L Bennett ◽  
Carlos M Grilo ◽  
Michael Alperovich ◽  
Valentina Ivezaj
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Contouring ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Contouring Surgery ◽  
Eating Disorder Psychopathology ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Post Bariatric Surgery

Abstract Background The current study examined a range of body image concerns and associated distress and impairment in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery and are seeking subsequent body contouring surgery following bariatric surgery. Objectives Individuals seeking body contouring were hypothesized to endorse a broad pattern of body image concerns and that overall body image concern would be associated with greater impairment and disability. Methods Participants were 56 adults seeking body contouring surgery after bariatric surgery. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire designed for the present study to assess body image concerns specific to patients who have undergone bariatric surgery and a battery of established measures of disability, impairment, and eating-disorder psychopathology. Results The most commonly endorsed concerns were related to loose skin (body dissatisfaction, feeling embarrassed in public, and skin rashes) whereas the least endorsed items included concerns related to scars from bariatric surgery (body dissatisfaction, avoidance of social situations, and difficulty concentrating). Participants endorsed a broad pattern of frequent distress and impairment related to physical body image changes post-bariatric surgery. Greater body image concerns were associated significantly with higher levels of disability, work-related impairment, and eating-disorder psychopathology. Conclusions Patients seeking body contouring surgery reported a range of body image concerns with significant associated distress, disability, and impairment related to physical changes post-bariatric surgery. The present findings underscore that while bariatric surgery is effective for reducing weight and metabolic disturbances, additional interventions for addressing body image concerns that are frequently distressing and impairing may be needed.

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