scholarly journals Body Image Concerns and Body Weight Overestimation Do Not Promote Healthy Behaviour: Evidence from Adolescents in Lithuania

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskiene ◽  
Migle Baceviciene
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Healthy Behaviour

The present study aimed to explore the associations between body image concerns, body weight evaluation, disordered eating, nutrition habits, self-esteem, and physical activity (PA) in a mixed sample of adolescents of both genders. Methods. A total sample of 579 adolescents (299, 51.6% were girls) participated in this study. The participants ranged in age from 14–16 years old (M = 15.0, SD = 0.4). Respondents provided their answers filling in the questionnaires consisting of a battery of self-report questionnaires. An analysis of covariance was employed to test the hypothesis about the differences in body image concerns in the groups of BMI and body weight estimation controlling for gender. Results. Adolescents with a higher body mass index (BMI) and those overestimating body weight reported a higher body dissatisfaction (BD), a drive for thinness (DT), social physique anxiety (SPA), disordered eating, and lower self-esteem, but there were no differences in PA. Body weight overestimation was more prevalent in girls, yet body weight underestimation was more prevalent in boys. In girls, a higher BMI and body weight overestimation were associated with having less sweets, a lower frequency of having breakfast and for just a lower BMI alone—with consuming less fats, spreads, and oils. In boys, the BMI was associated with consuming less fruits and berries. The boys’ body weight overestimation was related to a lower reported number of meals, a lower frequency of breakfast, and a lower consumption of milk, cheese, yogurt, fats, spreads, and oils. Body dissatisfaction in boys and girls was negatively related to the number of meals, DT is related to a lower breakfast consumption (in girls), SPA was related to a lower nutrition score (in boys), the number of meals (boys and girls), and a lower use of meat and vegetables (boys). Conclusions. Adolescents with a higher BMI and body weight overestimation demonstrated higher body image concerns, lower self-esteem and a poorer eating-related behavioural profile. Body image concerns and body weight overestimation did not promote healthy behaviour in adolescents. It is critical to promote a positive body image, adequate body weight evaluation, self-esteem, and a healthy lifestyle in health promotion and health education programs for adolescents of both genders and different BMIs.

scholarly journals Protective and Risk Factors in Exercise Addiction: A Series of Moderated Mediation Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9706
Author(s):  
Alessio Gori ◽  
Eleonora Topino ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Exercise Addiction ◽  
Body Image Concerns

For a minority of individuals, exercise may become excessive and lead to an addictive behaviour. To better understand the processes by which exercise could become an addiction, the present study examined the risk and protective factors of exercise addiction among regular exercisers, by investigating the role of drive for thinness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction, body image concerns, and self-esteem. A sample of 319 Italian regular exercisers (Mage = 30.78 years, SD = 11.98) completed the Italian versions of the Exercise Addiction Inventory, Eating Disorder Inventory-3 Referral Form, Body Image Concern Inventory, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were analyzed by implementing a series of moderated mediations. Drive for thinness, bulimia, and body dissatisfaction were positively associated with exercise addiction. An indirect path was found in each of these relationships, which included the mediation of body image concerns, as well as a significant moderation of self-esteem in the associations between drive for thinness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction, and the mediator. High self-esteem appeared to be a protective factor. The higher the level of self-esteem, the less indirect the effects of thinness drive, bulimia, body dissatisfaction, and body image concerns were on exercise addiction. Such findings contribute to a better understanding concerning the risk and protective factors of excessive exercise, and may have important practical implications in structuring interventions to reduce risk of developing exercise addiction, as well as orienting future research.

Weight-Related Concerns as Barriers to Exclusive Breastfeeding at 6 Months

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Zimmerman ◽  
Rachel F. Rodgers ◽  
Jennifer O’Flynn ◽  
Althea Bourdeau
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Prepregnancy Bmi ◽  
Child Weight ◽  
Eating Concerns

Background: Human milk is considered the gold standard for infant nutrition, but more data are needed that examine the constellation of weight-related concerns as barriers to exclusive breastfeeding. Research aims: The aim of this study was to examine how mothers’ concerns regarding their own and their infants’ weight, as well as disordered eating behaviors, were associated with breastfeeding self-efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. Methods: A prospective, quantitative, and self-report online survey design was used. Participants included 206 women (88.30% White, 59.20% with graduate degrees), with a mean age of 33.04 years ( SD = 4.31 years) and a mean prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) of 24.80 kg/m2 ( SD = 5.50 kg/m2), who had given birth within the past 6 months. Results: Participants who reported not exclusively breastfeeding at 6 months had significantly higher prepregnancy BMI ( p < .001), higher body dissatisfaction ( p = .003), more disordered eating ( p = .036), higher child weight concerns ( p < .001), and lower breastfeeding self-efficacy ( p < .001). Mediation modeling revealed a direct negative relationship between prepregnancy BMI and exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months ( p < .001). Indirect negative relationships between prepregnancy BMI and exclusive breastfeeding at six months via (a) body dissatisfaction, (b) disordered eating, and (c) child weight concern, as well as breastfeeding self-efficacy (entered as concurrent mediators), were all significant. Conclusions: Mothers’ weight, body image and eating concerns, concern regarding their children’s weight, and breastfeeding self-efficacy may constitute critical barriers to exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. Interventions to improve breastfeeding duration and confidence should target maternal body image and eating concerns.

scholarly journals Disentangling the contributions of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism to drive for thinness and drive for muscularity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253187
Author(s):  
Leonie Hater ◽  
Johanna Schulte ◽  
Katharina Geukes ◽  
Ulrike Buhlmann ◽  
Mitja D. Back
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Drive For Muscularity ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Muscular Ideal ◽  
Future Work

Body image concerns revolving around body ideals (thin ideal, muscular ideal) are widespread among women. Whereas a stronger preoccupation with ideal physical appearance is often assumed for narcissistic women, previous empirical findings have been mixed. Following a tripartite structure of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism facets, we reexamined whether trait narcissism predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. We further explored the role of importance of appearance as a mediator and moderator of the relation between narcissism and body image concerns. Latent structural equation modeling was applied to self-report data from two independent nonclinical female samples (NSample1 = 224, NSample2 = 342). Results underlined the importance of distinguishing between narcissism facets: Neurotic (but not agentic or antagonistic) narcissism uniquely predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. Importance of appearance mediated but did not robustly moderate these relations. Hence, neurotic narcissistic women (characterized by hypersensitivity, shame, and a fragile self-esteem) are particularly prone to body image concerns. This vulnerability seems partly driven by how much importance they ascribe to their appearance. Future work might build on these insights to further unravel the processes linking neurotic narcissism to body image concerns and how these can be targeted in practical interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of disordered eating adolescents in cyprus: The influence of body image, situational dysphoria, self-esteem, and the media

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Argyrides ◽  
Evagelia Alexiou
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽  
The Media ◽  
Eat 26

The purpose of the current study was threefold: a) to collect a very large representative sample of adolescents and assess for their levels of disordered eating behaviors; b) to describe the characteristics of adolescents with disordered eating behaviors in Cyprus based on the measures that were used in the study and c) to compare the adolescents with significant disordered eating behaviors (EAT-26 ≥ 20) to the ones without any disordered eating behaviors (EAT < 20) on all the variables of interest. A total of 2664 secondary school students responded to self-report measures assessing disordered eating, negative body image, situational dysphoria, self-esteem and media influences. Results indicated that 16.04% of the overall sample of adolescents scored significantly on the EAT-26 (21.4% of females and 8.4% of males). Results also indicated that the majority of the adolescents with disordered eating behaviors were female, mainly from average socioeconomic status, normal Body Mass Index and grew up and reside in an urban area. Finally, adolescents in the disordered eating behaviors group scored significantly lower on appearance satisfaction and self-esteem and significantly higher on appearance investment, weight-related anxiety, situational dysphoria, internalization of the thin and athletic ideals as well as feeling pressured from the media and considering the media as a good source of information. In conclusion, results indicate a substantial difference in levels of disordered eating in adolescents as compared to previous research in Cyprus. Possible explanations are addressed as well as implications for prevention strategies and future research ideas based on the findings.

Disentangling the Contributions of Agentic, Antagonistic, and Neurotic Narcissism to Drive for Thinness and Drive for Muscularity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Hater ◽  
Johanna Schulte ◽  
Katharina Geukes ◽  
Ulrike Buhlmann ◽  
Mitja Back
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Drive For Muscularity ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Muscular Ideal ◽  
Future Work

Body image concerns revolving around body ideals (thin ideal, muscular ideal) are widespread among women. Whereas a stronger preoccupation with ideal physical appearance is often assumed for narcissistic women, previous empirical findings have been mixed. Following a tripartite structure of agentic, antagonistic, and neurotic narcissism facets, we reexamined whether trait narcissism predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. We further explored the role of importance of appearance as a mediator and moderator of the relation between narcissism and body image concerns. Latent structural equation modeling was applied to self-report data from two independent nonclinical female samples (NSample1 = 224, NSample2 = 342). Results underlined the importance of distinguishing between narcissism facets: Neurotic (but not agentic or antagonistic) narcissism uniquely predicted drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. Importance of appearance mediated but did not robustly moderate these relations. Hence, neurotic narcissistic women (characterized by hypersensitivity, shame, and a fragile self-esteem) are particularly prone to body image concerns. This vulnerability seems partly driven by how much importance they ascribe to their appearance. Future work might build on these insights to further unravel the processes linking neurotic narcissism to body image concerns and how these can be targeted in practical interventions.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on social network sites use, body image disturbances and self-esteem among adolescents and young women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Vall-Roqué ◽  
Ana Andrés ◽  
Carmina Saldaña
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Body Image Disturbances ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on social network sites (SNS) use and to explore whether SNS use is associated with body image disturbances and low self-esteem. A total of 2601 women living in Spain aged 14-35 years completed questionnaire measures of SNS use, self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. In the survey, participants were asked about their use of SNS at the moment of answering the survey and before lockdown. A statistically significant increase was found in the frequency of use of all studied SNS (Instagram, YouTube, TikTok, Twitter and Facebook) during lockdown, as well as in the number of women following appearance-focused Instagram accounts. Moreover, significant relationships were found between the frequency of Instagram use and body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and low self-esteem in the younger age group (14-24), and between the frequency of Instagram use and drive for thinness in the older age group (25-35). Following appearance-focused accounts on Instagram was related to body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness in the younger group, and only to drive for thinness in the older group (25-35). Following appearance-focused accounts on Instagram and a higher frequency of use of Instagram significantly predicted higher levels of drive for thinness. These results suggest that lockdown has had an impact on SNS use, and this might be linked to increased drive for thinness and eating disorder risk among adolescents and young women.

Stature, Drive for Thinness and Body Dissatisfaction: A Study of Males and Females from a Non Clinical Sample

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhulika A. Gupta ◽  
Nicholas J. Schork ◽  
Jagtaran S. Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Body Stature

A study of 174 subjects selected from a Canadian shopping mall revealed an inverse correlation among the males but not among females between body stature and body image parameters related to dieting, body weight and shape (for example, drive for thinness, and body dissatisfaction). These correlations were independent of body weight. Among the females, there was a direct correlation between the Body Mass Index and these body image parameters. Height is generally associated with desirable looks and academic success among men and most likely has a positive effect upon body image. Therefore, males who are dissatisfied with their stature, a feature that is generally not within their control, may attempt to alter an aspect of their body that they can control (for example, weight). This finding may have important implications among males with eating disorders.

PREDICTORS OF BODY IMAGE DISSATISFACTION IN ADULT MEN AND WOMEN

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharin Palladino Green ◽  
Mary E. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Media Influence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Family Pressure

Disordered eating and body image have been widely studied in college students and children. However, few studies have examined body image dissatisfaction in adulthood. Therefore, this study sought to determine the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction in adult men and women. One hundred and thirty-nine adults were surveyed on body dissatisfaction and possible relating factors. It was found that media influence predicted body dissatisfaction in women and that age, family pressure and self-esteem predicted body image dissatisfaction in both men and women. Because adults' views about their bodies can have an impact on those of their children, it is important that researchers continue to examine body image dissatisfaction and comparable issues within adult populations.

Does Playing with Barbie in Childhood Affect Later Body Image?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth H. Blodgett Salafia ◽  
Maegan E. Jones ◽  
Judith Mergen ◽  
Emma L. Johnson ◽  
Kerrie C. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Thin Ideal ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Dieting Behaviors

Abstract Introduction: Although Barbies are heavily criticized for their unattainable bodies, research has not thoroughly examined the long-lasting effects of playing with Barbies in childhood on women’s later body image. In the present study, we examined whether the frequency of play with Barbies, number of Barbies owned, enjoyment when playing with Barbies, and age at first play with Barbies were associated with women’s body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, and dieting behaviors. Methods: Female young adults (n=68) who had played with Barbies as children responded to surveys. Results: We found that only age at first play with Barbies in childhood was associated with greater drive for thinness in adulthood; no other Barbie variable was associated with body image. Conclusions: These findings suggest that girls who begin playing with Barbies at a young age may be susceptible to developing a greater internalization of the thin ideal. It is important that girls and parents be aware that Barbies do not represent an ideal body to match. Keywords: Barbie; dolls; disordered eating; drive for thinness

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