Identification of NR0B1 Gene Mutation and Analysis of Bone Damages and Drug Treatment Effect in a Big Family With X-linked Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita: a Case Report
Abstract Background: X-linked congenital adrenocortical hypoplasia (XL-AHC) is a rare disorder, which is characterized by primary adrenal insufficiency and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. However, the skeletal complications caused by the disease were rarely reported, not to mention the treatment.Case presentation: The patient from a big family with XL-AHC was identified carrying a homozygous insertion mutation(p.Thr193GlyfsX13)in DAX-1 gene. The diagnosis of secondary osteoporosis was made after imaging, laboratory and bone mass density examinations. However, he showed a suboptimal response to bisphosphonates during 2 years of follow-up, even suffered from atypical femoral fracture (AFF). Now it had been replaced by menatetrenone, bone healing was satisfactory. Conclusions: We harbored the idea that clinicians should not only focus on typical clinical manifestations of XL-AHC, but also pay attention to the skeletal complications in clinical practice. Conventional anti-osteoporosis drugs may cause side effects such as AFF and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), which was rare in general osteoporosis patients. In other words, anabolic agent may be a better choice.