scholarly journals Effect of Fungal Endophytes on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Trifolium Subterraneum and Poa Pratensis as Affected by Plant Host Specificity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos García-Latorre ◽  
Sara Rodrigo ◽  
Oscar Santamaria
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Mineral Uptake ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Herbage Yield

Abstract The introduction of well-adapted species, such as Trifolium subterraneum and Poa pratensis, might enhance the forage yield and quality of dehesas pastures for feeding livestock. However, the climatic hardness and poor soils in these agrosystems may limit plant establishment and development. Since fungal endophytes have been found to alleviate the environmental stresses of their host, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of five isolates on forage yield, nutritive value and plant mineral uptake after their inoculation in the two above-mentioned plant species. Two experiments were established (under greenhouse and field conditions) using plants inoculated with two isolates in 2012/2013 (Epicoccum nigrum, Sporormiella intermedia) and three isolates in 2013/2014 (Mucor hiemalis, Fusarium equiseti, Byssochlamys spectabilis). Thus, F. equiseti (E346) increased the herbage yield of T. subterraneum under greenhouse conditions, B. spectabilis was found to improve the forage quality of T. subterraneum by reducing fibre content and of P. pratensis by increasing crude protein. Also, S. intermedia increased the mineral uptake of Ca, Cu, Mn, Pb, Tl and Zn in subclover and M. hiemalis, the uptake of K and Sr in Kentucky bluegrass. These results evidenced the potential of the studied fungal endophytes to enhance herbage yield and the forage nutritional value, although further studies should include all of the intended forage species as certain host specificity in the effect was observed.

scholarly journals Effect of Fungal Endophytes on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Trifolium Subterraneum and Poa Pratensis as Affected by Plant Host Specificity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos García-Latorre ◽  
Sara M. Rodrigo ◽  
OSCAR SANTAMARIA
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Mineral Uptake ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Herbage Yield

Abstract The introduction of well-adapted species, such as Trifolium subterraneum and Poa pratensis, might enhance the forage yield and quality of dehesas pastures for feeding livestock. However, the climatic hardness and poor soils in these agrosystems may limit plant establishment and development. Since fungal endophytes have been found to alleviate the environmental stresses of their host, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of five isolates on forage yield, nutritive value and plant mineral uptake after their inoculation in the two above-mentioned plant species. Two experiments were established (under greenhouse and field conditions) using plants inoculated with two isolates in 2012/2013 (Epicoccum nigrum, Sporormiella intermedia) and three isolates in 2013/2014 (Mucor hiemalis, Fusarium equiseti, Byssochlamys spectabilis). Thus, F. equiseti (E346) increased the herbage yield of T. subterraneum under greenhouse conditions, B. spectabilis was found to improve the forage quality of T. subterraneum by reducing fibre content and of P. pratensis by increasing crude protein. Also, S. intermedia increased the mineral uptake of Ca, Cu, Mn, Pb, Tl and Zn in subclover and M. hiemalis, the uptake of K and Sr in Kentucky bluegrass. These results evidenced the potential of the studied fungal endophytes to enhance herbage yield and the forage nutritional value, although further studies should include all of the intended forage species as certain host specificity in the effect was observed.

scholarly journals Effect of fungal endophytes on plant growth and nutrient uptake in Trifolium subterraneum and Poa pratensis as affected by plant host specificity

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217-1231
Author(s):  
Carlos García-Latorre ◽  
Sara Rodrigo ◽  
Oscar Santamaria
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Mineral Uptake ◽  
Fusarium Equiseti ◽  
Herbage Yield

AbstractThe introduction of well-adapted species, such as Trifolium subterraneum (subclover) and Poa pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass), might enhance the forage yield and quality of dehesa pastures for feeding livestock. However, the climatic hardness and poor soils in these agrosystems may limit plant establishment and development. Since fungal endophytes have been found to alleviate the environmental stresses of their host, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of five isolates on forage yield, nutritive value, and plant mineral uptake after their inoculation in the two abovementioned plant species. Two experiments were established (under greenhouse and field conditions) using plants inoculated with two isolates in 2012/2013 (Epicoccum nigrum, Sporormiella intermedia) and three isolates in 2013/2014 (Mucor hiemalis, Fusarium equiseti, Byssochlamys spectabilis). Fusarium equiseti (E346) increased the herbage yield of T. subterraneum under greenhouse conditions, and B. spectabilis improved the forage quality of T. subterraneum by reducing fiber content and of P. pratensis by increasing crude protein. S. intermedia increased the mineral uptake of Ca, Cu, Mn, Pb, Tl, and Zn in subclover, and M. hiemalis increased the uptake of K and Sr in Kentucky bluegrass. These results evidence the potential of the studied fungal endophytes to enhance herbage yield and nutritional value of forage, although further studies should include all of the target forage species as certain host specificity in the effect was observed.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF HERBAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF DIFFERENT SOYBEAN VARIETIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Yasin Akinci ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield

Objectives of the present study are to determine the variations in forage yield and quality of soybean cultivars. Experiments were conducted in randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications during the growing season of 2016. A total of 10 cultivars were used as the plant material of the experiments (Bravo, A3127, Traksoy, İlksoy, Mersoy, Nova, SA-88, Arısoy, Safir, Atakişi). Cultivars had a significant effect on yield and chemical composition. Results revealed that green herbage yields varied between 826.39 - 1199.17 kg/da, dry hay yields between 247.71 - 357.90 kg/da, crude protein yields between 16.91 - 39.86 kg/da, acid detergent fiber (ADF) ratios between 26.56 - 34.61%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ratios between 38.43 - 44.85%, crude ash contents between 7.20 - 11.22%, crude protein contents between 6.66 - 13.53%, dry matter digestibility (DDM) values between 61.94 - 68.21%, dry matter intake (DMI) values between 2.68 - 3.12% and relative feed values (RFV) between 2.68 - 3.12. The results of the study showed that A3127 cultivar was found to be prominent with green herbage yield (1199.17 kg/da) and dry hay yield (357.90 kg/da) and Safir cultivar was found to be prominent with crude protein yield (39.86 kg/da). It was concluded that the soybean cultivars A3127 and Safir could be recommended for hay production.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF A SOIL-INCORPORATED HYDROGEL ON IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS AND QUALITY OF TRANSPLANTED SOD

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1109f-1109
Author(s):  
Anthony Koski
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Irrigation Requirements

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of soil-incorporated hydrogel to reduce irrigation requirements of transplanted Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) sod. The treatments included an untilled control, tilled soil, and tilled soil with incorporated hydrogel. Initial irrigation treatment were made daily, at various percentages of potential evapotraspiration (PET), to determine irrigation requirements of newly transplanted sod. Other irrigation treatments were later imposed on transplanted sod which had been established at 100% of PET, to determine irrigation requirements of established sod. Turf quality was measured weekly, and sod transplant rooting strength was also measured.

FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF CULTIVATED PERENNIAL GRASSES HARVESTED AT THE EARLY HEADING STAGE

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. TINGLE ◽  
C. R. ELLIOTT
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Heading Stage

Fifteen grass species harvested at the early heading stage varied in dry matter yield and contents of crude protein, dry matter digestibility, Ca, K, Mg, Zn, Mn and Cu. Each parameter except Mg and Cu concentrations exhibited differences between cultivars within certain of eight species. Only timothy (Phleum pratense L.) had cultivar differences in dry matter digestibility. Crude protein contents varied between cultivars of meadow fescue (Festuca elatior L.) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Differences between species were greater than between cultivars within species.

scholarly journals Light Reflected from Different Plant Canopies Affected Beta vulgaris L. Growth and Development

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1771
Author(s):  
Albert T. Adjesiwor ◽  
Andrew R. Kniss
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Reflected Light

Studies on crop response to light quality (red (R) to far-red (FR) light ratio) often recommend early weed removal to reduce the effects of shade avoidance responses on crop yield. However, it is unclear whether crops are able to distinguish reflected light quality of kin from that of nonkin. We evaluated the response of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to reflected FR light from sugar beet, common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and bare soil (control) under outdoor conditions in 2016 and 2017. Treatments were completely randomized with 10 replications per treatment. The study methods ensured there was no direct resource competition. The reflected R:FR of plant species ranged from 0.06 (common lambsquarters) to 0.24 (sugar beet) compared to 0.7 for the bare soil. In 2016 and 2017, there were 2 to 4 more leaves in the sugar beet surrounded by soil compared to sugar beet surrounded by neighboring species. There was up to 47, 57, 43, and 23% reduction in sugar beet leaf area, shoot dry weight, root diameter, and root dry weight, respectively, due to reflected R:FR light from neighboring species. Sugar beet did not respond differently to reflected light quality of kin compared to nonkin.

Maturation effects on forage quality of Kentucky bluegrass

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Hockensmith ◽  
C. C. Sheaffer ◽  
G. C. Marten ◽  
J. L. Halgerson
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Cool Season

Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is an important constituent of many permanent pastures in the northern United States and is an important source of livestock feed, but there is a paucity of information on its forage quality. The objective of this research was to assess changes with maturity in forage quality of whole herbage, leaves, and stems of Kentucky bluegrass compared with other important cool-season forage grasses. Kentucky bluegrass, orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinaceae L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss), timothy (Phleum pratense L.), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) were sampled weekly beginning in mid-May until each species reached milk stage. Kentucky bluegrass had the highest or was among the grasses with the highest average leaf percentage, and leaf, stem, and whole herbage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) concentrations; and lowest average whole herbage, leaf, and stem in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) concentrations compared with tall growing species. Kentucky bluegrass also had the slowest rates of change in leaf and stem concentration and in whole herbage IVDDM and NDF concentrations with maturity. Leaf concentration was negatively correlated with herbage NDF and ADL concentration, but was not correlated with herbage IVDDM and CP concentration. Relative to tall growing cool season grasses, Kentucky bluegrass is leafier, but it has poorer forage digestibility. Key words: Poa pratense L., forage quality, perennial grass, leaves, stems

Effect of Picloram on Production and Quality of Seed in Several Grasses

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Agrostis Tenuis ◽  
Untreated Check

Twelve field trials were conducted in western Oregon during 1963 to 1966 to evaluate the effect of 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) on the seed production and seed quality of eight grass species. Seed production of creeping bentgrass (Agrostics palustris Huds., vars. Penncross and Seaside), Colonial bentgrass (Agrostis tenuis Sibth., var. Highland), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L., var. Linn), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., var. Gulf), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb., var. Alta) treated with picloram was not statistically different from the untreated check. Seed production of Colonial bentgrass (Agrostis tenuis Sibth., var. Astoria) was reduced by picloram at rates of 1.0 and 1.5 lb/A. Seed production of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L., var. Newport) was not statistically different from the untreated check when picloram was applied in October but was significantly lower than the check following some March treatments. Seed production of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L., var. Potomac) and creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L., var. Pennlawn) was reduced by most picloram treatments made either in October or March. Germination of the creeping red fescue seed was significantly reduced when picloram was applied at 2 lb/A in March. None of the treatments affected seedling development.

Management of natural Kentucky bluegrass-white clover pasture

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Murphy ◽  
Joshua P. Silman ◽  
Lisa E. McCrory ◽  
Sarah E. Flack ◽  
Abdon L. Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
Plant Components

AbstractManagement recommendations are needed f or low-input (no N fertilizer) Kentucky bluegrass-dominant/white clover swards, particularly to increase or maintain white clover content. We applied treatments involving different amounts of forage present pre- and postgrazing, with and without harrowing and soil aeration, to a well-established, naturally seeded pasture grazed by dairy cows. Pregrazing dry matter was 2350 or 2700 kg/ha (about 10 or 15 cm tall). Postgrazing dry matter was 1100 or 1575 kg/ha (about 2.5 or 5 cm tall). The sward was composed mainly of Kentucky bluegrass, orchardgrass, quackgrass, timothy, white clover, dandelion, and chicory. Soil aeration and harrowing did not affect botanical composition, plant components, or forage yield. Pre- and postgrazing mass (total forage dry matter per unit area) did not affect botanical composition or plant components, but did influence total forage yield. White clover tended to increase under all pasture-mass treatments. During the second year the lowest postgraz- ing mass produced the most forage (mean: 6685 kg DM/ha). Forage quality of all treatments was excellent (seasonal means: 26% crude protein; 1.6 Meal net energy lactation/kg DM).

scholarly journals Water Conservation Potential and Quality of Non-turf Groundcovers versus Kentucky Bluegrass under Increasing Levels of Drought Stress

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Staats ◽  
James E. Klett
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Sedum Acre ◽  
Reference Crop

Abstract In June 1991, a 2-year field study was initiated to examine if three non-turf groundcovers require less irrigation than Kentucky bluegrass (KBG). Irrigation treatments were based on decreasing percentage of évapotranspiration (ET) (100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0%). ET was estimated by the modified Penman equation using alfalfa as a reference crop. Plants receiving the 0% irrigation treatment were not irrigated and relied on precipitation for survival. The groundcovers studied were Kentucky bluegrass ‘Challenger’ (Poa pratensis L.), creeping potentilla (Potentilla tabernaemontani Asch.), goldmoss (Sedum acre L.) and snow-in-summer (Cerastium tomentosum L.). Data were collected on visual ratings, growth, soil moisture and canopy temperature. Optimum irrigation for KBG was 50% ET. Cerastium required irrigation at 50%-75% of estimated ET during the initial season (1991) for optimum appearance and growth. During 1992, the plants were better established and 25% ET was optimum. Potentilla required irrigation at the 75% ET rate for optimum visual quality. Sedum maintained a good aesthetic appearance at irrigation rates as low as 25% ET and could be considered as a water-conserving alternative to KBG

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document