Attenuated Self-serving Bias in People with Internet Gaming Disorder is Related to Altered Neural Activity in Subcortical-Cortical Midline Structures

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44753/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yifan Wang ◽

Li Zheng ◽

Chenggong Wang ◽

Xiuyan Guo

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Parametric Analysis ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Self Concept ◽

Negative Events ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Positive Events ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Self Protection

Abstract Background: To protect and maintain the positivity of self-concept, normal people usually show a self-serving bias (internal attribution of positive events and external attribution of negative events) by the motives of self-enhancement and self-protection. Additionally, self-serving assessments predominantly activate the subcortical-cortical midline structures (CMS) in healthy individuals. However, little is known about self-serving bias and its underlying neural correlates among individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Methods: Twenty-four participants with IGD and 25 recreational Internet gaming users (RGUs) were scanned while attributing the causes of positive/negative self- and other-related events that could occur in both the game-world and real-world contexts. Region-of-interest (within CMS regions) and parametric analysis were performed to investigate the neural correlates of self-serving bias in IGD. Results: Behaviorally, the IGD participants attributed more negative and fewer positive events to themselves than RGU participants in both contexts. Neurally, during the attributions of negative events, the IGD participants exhibited increased ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activation in both contexts compared with RGU participants. Higher vmPFC activation was associated with weaker self-protective motivation in the IGD group. Meanwhile, during the attributions of positive events, the IGD participants exhibited decreased precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex activation in the real world compared with RGU participants. Parametric analysis showed a reduced positive correlation between precuneus activation and self-attribution ratings of positive events in the real world in the IGD group relative to the RGU group. Conclusion: These results suggest that individuals with IGD show an attenuated self-serving bias and altered brain activity within CMS regions involved in self-attribution, providing evidence for the negative self-concept and weakened abilities in both self-enhancement and self-protection in IGD.

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Attenuated Self-serving Bias in People with Internet Gaming Disorder is Related to Altered Neural Activity in Subcortical-Cortical Midline Structures

10.21203/rs.3.rs-44753/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yifan Wang ◽

Li Zheng ◽

Chenggong Wang ◽

Xiuyan Guo

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Parametric Analysis ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Self Concept ◽

Negative Events ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Positive Events ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Self Protection

Abstract Background: To protect and maintain the positivity of self-concept, normal people usually show a self-serving bias (internal attribution of positive events and external attribution of negative events) by the motives of self-enhancement and self-protection. Additionally, self-serving assessments predominantly activate the subcortical-cortical midline structures (CMS) in healthy individuals. However, little is known about self-serving bias and its underlying neural correlates among individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Methods: Twenty-four participants with IGD and 25 recreational Internet gaming users (RGUs) were scanned while attributing the causes of positive/negative self- and other-related events that could occur in both the game-world and real-world contexts. Region-of-interest (within CMS regions) and parametric analysis were performed to investigate the neural correlates of self-serving bias in IGD. Results: Behaviorally, the IGD participants attributed more negative and fewer positive events to themselves than RGU participants in both contexts. Neurally, during the attributions of negative events, the IGD participants exhibited increased ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activation in both contexts compared with RGU participants. Higher vmPFC activation was associated with weaker self-protective motivation in the IGD group. Meanwhile, during the attributions of positive events, the IGD participants exhibited decreased precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex activation in the real world compared with RGU participants. Parametric analysis showed a reduced positive correlation between precuneus activation and self-attribution ratings of positive events in the real world in the IGD group relative to the RGU group. Conclusion: These results suggest that individuals with IGD show an attenuated self-serving bias and altered brain activity within CMS regions involved in self-attribution, providing evidence for the negative self-concept and weakened abilities in both self-enhancement and self-protection in IGD.

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Attenuated self-serving bias in people with internet gaming disorder is related to altered neural activity in subcortical-cortical midline structures

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-02914-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yifan Wang ◽

Li Zheng ◽

Chenggong Wang ◽

Xiuyan Guo

Keyword(s):

Real World ◽

Parametric Analysis ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Self Concept ◽

Negative Events ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Positive Events ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Self Protection

Abstract Background To protect and maintain the positivity of self-concept, normal people usually show a self-serving bias (internal attribution of positive events and external attribution of negative events) by the motives of self-enhancement and self-protection. Additionally, self-serving assessments predominantly activate the subcortical-cortical midline structures (CMS) in healthy individuals. However, little is known about self-serving bias and its underlying neural correlates among individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Methods Twenty-four participants with IGD and 25 recreational Internet gaming users (RGUs) were scanned while attributing the causes of positive/negative self- and other-related events that could occur in both the game-world and real-world contexts. Region-of-interest (within CMS regions) and parametric analysis were performed to investigate the neural correlates of self-serving bias in IGD. Results Behaviorally, the IGD participants attributed more negative and fewer positive events to themselves than RGU participants in both contexts. Neurally, during the attributions of negative events, the IGD participants exhibited increased ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activation in both contexts compared with RGU participants. Higher vmPFC activation was associated with weaker self-protective motivation in the IGD group. Meanwhile, during the attributions of positive events, the IGD participants exhibited decreased precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex activation in the real world compared with RGU participants. Parametric analysis showed a reduced positive correlation between precuneus activation and self-attribution ratings of positive events in the real world in the IGD group relative to the RGU group. Conclusion These results suggest that individuals with IGD show an attenuated self-serving bias and altered brain activity within CMS regions involved in self-attribution, providing evidence for the negative self-concept and weakened abilities in both self-enhancement and self-protection in IGD.

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Neural Correlates of Distorted Self-concept in Individuals With Internet Gaming Disorder: A Functional MRI Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00330 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Min-Kyeong Kim ◽

Young Hoon Jung ◽

Sunghyon Kyeong ◽

Yu-Bin Shin ◽

Eunjoo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Mri ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Self Concept ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Mri Study

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Reliability of the fMRI-based assessment of self-evaluation in individuals with internet gaming disorder

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience ◽

10.1007/s00406-021-01307-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Patrick Bach ◽

Holger Hill ◽

Iris Reinhard ◽

Theresa Gädeke ◽

Falk Kiefer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Brain Activation ◽

Brain Regions ◽

The Self ◽

Self Concept ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Self Evaluation ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Test Retest Reliability

AbstractThe self-concept—defined as the cognitive representation of beliefs about oneself—determines how individuals view themselves, others, and their actions. A negative self-concept can drive gaming use and internet gaming disorder (IGD). The assessment of the neural correlates of self-evaluation gained popularity to assess the self-concept in individuals with IGD. This attempt, however, seems to critically depend on the reliability of the investigated task-fMRI brain activation. As first study to date, we assessed test–retest reliability of an fMRI self-evaluation task. Test–retest reliability of neural brain activation between two separate fMRI sessions (approximately 12 months apart) was investigated in N = 29 healthy participants and N = 11 individuals with pathological internet gaming. We computed reliability estimates for the different task contrasts (self, a familiar, and an unknown person) and the contrast (self > familiar and unknown person). Data indicated good test–retest reliability of brain activation, captured by the “self”, “familiar person”, and “unknown person” contrasts, in a large network of brain regions in the whole sample (N = 40) and when considering both experimental groups separately. In contrast to that, only a small set of brain regions showed moderate to good reliability, when investigating the contrasts (“self > familiar and unknown person”). The lower reliability of the contrast can be attributed to the fact that the constituting contrast conditions were highly correlated. Future research on self-evaluation should be cautioned by the findings of substantial local reliability differences across the brain and employ methods to overcome these limitations.

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Satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs in the real world and in video games predict internet gaming disorder scores and well-being

Computers in Human Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.034 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 220-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Johnie J. Allen ◽

Craig A. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Video Games ◽

Real World ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Basic Psychological Needs ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

The Real ◽

Internet Gaming

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Internet Gaming Disorder Scale--Short Form; Polish Version

PsycTESTS Dataset ◽

10.1037/t70447-000 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Schivinski ◽

Magdalena Brzozowska-Woś ◽

Erin M. Buchanan ◽

Mark D. Griffiths ◽

Halley M. Pontes

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Polish Version

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Estimated Prevalence of Unreported IGD Cases in Routine Outpatient Children and Adolescent Psychotherapy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18136787 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (13) ◽

pp. 6787

Author(s):

Sonja Kewitz ◽

Eva Vonderlin ◽

Lutz Wartberg ◽

Katajun Lindenberg

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Internet Gaming Disorder ◽

Self Report ◽

Clinical Population ◽

Gaming Disorder ◽

Parental Report ◽

Outpatient Psychotherapy ◽

Old Patients ◽

Internet Gaming ◽

Icd 10

Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has been included in the DSM-5 as a diagnosis for further study, and Gaming Disorder as a new diagnosis in the ICD-11. Nonetheless, little is known about the clinical prevalence of IGD in children and adolescents. Additionally, it is unclear if patients with IGD are already identified in routine psychotherapy, using the ICD-10 diagnosis F 63.8 (recommended classification of IGD in ICD-10). This study investigated N = 358 children and adolescents (self and parental rating) of an outpatient psychotherapy centre in Germany using the Video Game Dependency Scale. According to self-report 4.0% of the 11- to 17-year-old patients met criteria for a tentative IGD diagnosis and 14.0% according to the parental report. Of the 5- to 10-year-old patients, 4.1% were diagnosed with tentative IGD according to parental report. Patients meeting IGD criteria were most frequently diagnosed with hyperkinetic disorders, followed by anxiety disorders, F 63.8, conduct disorders, mood disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders (descending order) as primary clinical diagnoses. Consequently, this study indicates that a significant amount of the clinical population presents IGD. Meaning, appropriate diagnostics should be included in routine psychological diagnostics in order to avoid “hidden” cases of IGD in the future.

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