scholarly journals Hybrid Strategy for Routing, Modulation and Spectrum Assignment in Elastic Optical Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karcius Assis ◽  
Alex Santos ◽  
Raul Almeida ◽  
Thiale Moura ◽  
Rafael Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Hybrid Strategy ◽  
Spectrum Assignment ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Alternative Routing ◽  
Run Time

Abstract In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid strategy that combines mixed integer linearprogramming (MILP) formulation with different alternative routing approaches that is capable ofsolving, simultaneously, the routing, modulation format and spectrum assignment problem in thedesign of elastic optical networks. We extend our proposal to a path-link formulation that, althoughit is not guaranteed to find the optimal solution, it has shown reasonable solutions within inferiorsimulation time, allowing it to be used in not very short networks. We also compare our proposalwith another MILP formulation and three adapted heuristics, all available in the literature. Theresults show the benefits of our proposal considering diverse simulation scenarios and differentnumber of modulation formats over19realistic networks in terms of simulation run time andmaximum number of used set of slots.

scholarly journals Systematic Performance Comparison of (Duobinary)-PAM-2,4 Signaling under Light and Strong Opto-Electronic Bandwidth Conditions

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Ramón Gutiérrez-Castrejón ◽  
Md Ghulam Saber ◽  
Md Samiul Alam ◽  
Zhenping Xing ◽  
Eslam El-Fiky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Performance Limits ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Rate System ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Modulation Format

We present a systematic comparison of PAM-2 (NRZ), Duobinary-PAM-2, PAM-4, and Duobinary-PAM-4 (duo-quaternary) signaling in the context of short-reach photonic communications systems using a Mach–Zehnder modulator as transmitter. The effect on system performance with a relaxed and constrained system’s opto-electronic bandwidth is analyzed for bit rates ranging from 20 to 116 Gb/s. In contrast to previous analyses, our approach employs the same experimental and simulation conditions for all modulation formats. Consequently, we were able to confidently determine the performance limits of each format for particular values of bit rate, system bandwidth, transmitter chirp, and fiber dispersion. We demonstrate that Duobinary-PAM-4 is a good signaling choice only for bandwidth-limited systems operating at relatively high speed. Otherwise, PAM-4 represents a more sensible choice. Moreover, our analysis put forward the existence of transition points: specific bit rate values where the BER versus bit rate curves for two different formats cross each other. They indicate the bit rate values where, for specific system conditions, switching from one modulation to another guarantees optimum performance. Their existence naturally led to the proposal of a format-selective transceiver, a component that, according to network conditions, operates with the most adequate modulation format. Since all analyzed modulations share similar implementation details, signaling switching is achieved by simply changing the sampling point and threshold count at the receiver, bringing flexibility to IM/DD-based optical networks.

Transmission Performance Comparison of 16*100 Gbps Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed Long Haul Optical Networks at Different Advance Modulation Formats under the Influence of Nonlinear Impairments

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farman Ali ◽  
Yousaf Khan ◽  
Shahryar Shafique Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Dispersion Compensation ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Network System ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Fiber Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Modulation Format

AbstractHigher spectral efficiency and data rate per channel are the most cost-effective approaches to meet the exponential demand of data traffic in optical fiber network communication system. In this paper, diverse modulation formats are analyzed for Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed system at 100 Gbps * 16=1600 Gbps data rates. The performance analysis of proffered system for Non-Return to Zero, Return to Zero, Carrier- Suppressed Return to Zero and Duo binary RZ with duty cycle 0.5 to 0.7 ranges like modulation formats are considered to find optimum modulation format for a 100 Gbps bit rate per channel optical fiber transmission network system. The simulations are analyzed for different values of input power, length of fiber, nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear dispersion and nonlinear effective area for all above mentioned modulation formats with spacing 100 to 250 GHz. to evaluate the effect of modulation format Fiber Bragg Gratting, optical fiber amplifier and Dispersion Compensation Fiber dispersion compensation techniques are enacted on this proposed optical network system.

Resource Efficient Online Routing Enabled Translucent Space Division Multiplexing Based Elastic Optical Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Online Routing ◽  
Space Division Multiplexing ◽  
Space Division

AbstractIn the current work, we focus on the optimization of lightpath routing in a Space Division Multiplexing based Elastic Optical Network (SDM-b-EON) for which we propose an online routing algorithm, named as Resource Efficient Online Routing Algorithm with Regeneration (REORAwR) which, in addition to ensuring the routing of translucent lightpaths through spectral super-channels over spatial modes links also accounts for the presence of the transceivers in the network. The proposed REORAwR algorithm is tunable such that it can either aim to reduce the bandwidth blocking probability or can aim to minimize the overall consumed power. In regard to regeneration, we investigate two scenarios which differ in their regeneration variability level in addition to the adjustment of modulation formats as per the transmission route characteristics. We conduct extensive simulations considering two realistic network topologies and realistic transmission reach values. The obtained results demonstrate that significant benefits can be obtained in regard to the utilization of both the major network resources (spectrum and transceivers) when regeneration is conducted with complete flexibility and modulation format conversion is also permitted at every node of the SDM-b-EON. In addition, the obtained results also show that when compared to spectrum usage, in terms of the overall consumed power, the performance profits which can be obtained in a translucent SDM-b-EON are very small.

Research on the Modeling of Tugboat Assignment Problem in Container Terminal

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1957-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Wang ◽  
Iko Kaku ◽  
Guo Yue Chen ◽  
Min Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Service Capacity ◽  
Decision Making Problem

Tugboat is one kind of important equipment in container terminal to help ships for docking or leaving the berth. Tugboat assignment operation is one of the most important decision making problem because it has an important effect on the turnaround time of ships. In this paper, a mixed-integer programming model combined with scheduling rule is formulated for the Tugboat Assignment Problem (TAP). Then a solution method is provided to obtain the optimal solution of TAP problem. Finally, numerical experiments are executed to illustrate the utility of the model and to analyze the effects of the number and service capacity of tugboats on the turnaround time of ships.

A prime-partition strategy for spectrum assignment problem in elastic optical networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 102532
Author(s):  
Junling Yuan ◽  
Lu Han ◽  
Xuhong Li ◽  
Qikun Zhang ◽  
Ruijie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Spectrum Assignment

scholarly journals ORNInA: A decentralized, auction-based multi-agent coordination in ODT systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Alaa Daoud ◽  
Flavien Balbo ◽  
Paolo Gianessi ◽  
Gauthier Picard
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Data ◽  
Continuous Optimization ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Mixed Integer Linear Program ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Agent Coordination

On-Demand Transport (ODT) systems have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Traditional centralized dispatching can achieve optimal solutions, but NP-Hard complexity makes it unsuitable for online and dynamic problems. Centralized and decentralized heuristics can achieve fast, feasible solution at run-time with no guarantee on the quality. Starting from a feasible not optimal solution, we present in this paper a new solution model (ORNInA) consisting of two parallel coordination processes. The first one is a decentralized insertion-heuristic based algorithm to build vehicle schedules in order to solve a particular case of the dynamic Dial-A-Ride-Problem (DARP) as an ODT system, in which vehicles communicate via Vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V) and make decentralized decisions. The second coordination scheme is a continuous optimization process namely Pull-demand protocol, based on combinatorial auctions, in order to improve the quality of the global solution achieved by decentralized decision at run-time by exchanging resources between vehicles (k-opt). In its simplest implementation, k is set to 1 so that vehicles can exchange only one resource at a time. We evaluate and analyze the promising results of our contributed techniques on synthetic data for taxis operating in Saint-Étienne city, against a classical decentralized greedy approach and a centralized one that uses a classical mixed-integer linear program (MILP) solver.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Translucent Space Division Multiplexing Based Elastic Optical Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Sridhar Iyer ◽  
Shree Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Space Division Multiplexing ◽  
Space Division ◽  
Online Traffic

The required upgradation of the network capacity of the single-mode fiber which is constrained by the non-linear Shannon’s limit, and the capacity provisioning needed by the future diverse Internet traffic can be resolved by the adoption of the Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) based Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) (SDM-b-EONs). In the current work, we focus on the performance analysis of a SDM-b-EON in which translucent lightpaths are routed through the spectral super-channels over the spatial single-mode fiber(s) bundle(s) links. In regard to regeneration, we investigate three scenarios which differ in their regeneration variability level in addition to the adjustment of modulation formats according to transmission route characteristics. We conduct extensive simulations considering an online traffic case and two realistic network topologies with different numbers of (i) fibers in every link, and (ii) transceivers available within SDM-b-EON. The obtained results demonstrate that when regeneration is conducted with complete flexibility and simultaneously the modulation format conversion is also permitted at every SDM-b-EON node both, largest traffic volume amounts can be provisioned, and significant SDM-b-EON performance scaling can be obtained with a corresponding increase in the utilized fibers amount.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document