scholarly journals Screening for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) among Obese and Overweight Children: Prevalence and predictors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Thiagarajan ◽  
Sadhanandham Shrinuvasan ◽  
Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background: Non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognised in obese and overweight children. NAFLD is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in these children. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of NAFLD and to identify the anthropometric, metabolic risk factors for NAFLD. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was done with 154 overweight and obese children. The study population was divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of NAFLD by screening with ultrasonography and/or alanine transaminase levels. Anthropometric (Body mass index, waist circumference) and biochemical parameters (Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, Insulin, Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase) were compared between these two groups. Results: NAFLD was diagnosed based on abnormal screening in 79 (51.3 %) overweight and obese children.. No age or gender difference was noted between 2 groups. NAFLD patients did not differ significantly from patients without NAFLD in age, Body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference. LDL Cholesterol levels were found significantly higher in the NAFLD group. There was no significant difference found in lipid profile apart from LDL cholesterol, aspartate transaminase and HOMA-IR between 2 groups. Conclusion: NAFLD is common in overweight and obese South Indian children. High LDL cholesterol level is a risk factor for NAFLD in these children. Screening of this high risk group for early diagnosis of NAFLD is essential to prevent and monitor further progression of the disease.

scholarly journals Lipid Profile in Alcoholic and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aakash Shahi ◽  
Narayan Gautam ◽  
Sanju Rawal ◽  
Uday Sharma ◽  
Archana Jayan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
P Value ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background: Fatty liver disease is a common and major chronic liver disease. It has been implicated that patients have disorders of lipid metabolism and involved in the pathogenesis of fatty liver. Lipid profile plays a very important role in diagnosis of liver diseases hence it was designed to observe relationship between lipid profile and fatty liver disease (FLD) based on ultrasonography (USG).Method and methodology: This Cross-sectional and analytical study was undertaken in the Department of Internal Medicine with collaboration of Department of Radiology and Department of Biochemistry, Universal College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital (UCMS-TH), Bhairahawa, Nepal from March 2019 to February 2020 in total 100 patients diagnosed with FLD by USG.Result: In 100 cases, the male to female ratio was 1.8:1. 56% of the total cases presented with alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) while remaining 44% with non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The spectrum of lipid abnormality was observed with increased total cholesterol (TC), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), increased triglycerides (TG) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) in AFLD cases as compared to NAFLD cases. However, it has been observed that TG/HDL and Non-HDL/HDL were higher in NAFLD as compared to AFLD. There was statistical significant difference in HDL (p-value: 0.019) between alcoholic fatty liver disease grade 1 (AFLG1) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease grade 1 (NAFLG1). Moreover, it was observed statistical significant difference in HDL between AFLG2 and NAFLG2 (p-value: 0.012).Conclusion:Elevated level of TG and decreased HDL has been implicated in the precipitation of the occlusive vascular disease. These parameters in conjunction with Non-HDL/HDL and TG/HDL can be useful in early screening and monitoring of dyslipidemia in the fatty liver patients to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of complex treatment of patients with postoperative hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
V.E. Gavrylenko
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Levothyroxine Sodium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive treatment of patients with postoperative hypothyroidism (PH) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and methods. 40 patients (20 men and 20 women) aged 42±6 years with PH and NAFLD were examined. Patients were divided into two groups: main (n=20) and control (n=20). Prior to the study and after 1 month, the level of total cholesterol (TH), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was determined. Patients in both groups were prescribed levothyroxine sodium (125-175 μg a day). Additionally, the 1st group of patients received arginine hydrochloride 42 mg/ml according to the scheme 200 ml a day per 15 days, the next 15 days L-arginine aspartate 200 mg/ml 5 ml a day. And the control group received only levothyroxine sodium. Results. The level of TH in 1st group decreased from 7.1±0.8 to 6.7±0.4 mmol/l, and in 2nd – from 7.2±0.7 to 6.97±0.35 mmol/l. In the 1st group TG decreased from 3.9±0.4 to 3.5±0.3 mmol/l, and in the 2nd – from 3.8±0.5 to 3.7±0.1 mmol/l. LDL in 1st group decreased from 5.9±1.4 to 5.5±1.2 mmol/l, in the 2nd – from 5.8±1.3 to 5.7±1.4 mmol/l. The level of ALT in 1st group decreased from 47.5±1.82 to 40.1±1.73 IU/l, the level of AST – from 41.3±1.52 to 39.8±1.33 IU/l, in no changes in AST and ALT levels were observed in the control group. Conclusions. Comprehensive treatment of patients with PH and NAFLD contributed to the improvement of liver transaminases (reduction of AST, ALT), as well as the normalization of the lipid profile (reduction of TC, TG and LDL).

scholarly journals Clinical and Biochemical Predictors of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Atwa ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim ◽  
Husseiny Abd-Allah ◽  
Jacklien Labib
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Obesity and associated co-morbidities are growing worldwide, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which become one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases in both children and adults. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical and biochemical predictors associated with NAFLD among obese children. Materials and Methods Ninety obese children and adolescents, aged 12–18 years, were enrolled in this study. All were subjected to anthropometric measurement; biochemical analysis included fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and liver function tests. Ultrasonography was used to diagnose NAFLD. Results The frequency of NAFLD was 38.9% among obese children 68.6% of them met the criteria of metabolic syndrome. Children with NAFLD had significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, ALT, total cholesterol, LDL-c, TG, fasting insulin, and lower HDL-c compared to patients with normal liver ultrasound (p < 0.05). Insulin resistance was significantly more common among NAFLD group (88.6% vs. 18.2%) (p < 001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI and HOMA-IR are the independent predictors for NAFLD with (P 0.034 and 0.022) respectively Conclusion More than one third of obese children have NAFLD, which is closely linked to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.

Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is not an independent risk factor for hepatosteatosis in obese children

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oya Balcı Sezer ◽  
Derya Buluş ◽  
Şamil Hızlı ◽  
Nesibe Andıran ◽  
Deniz Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractObesity is an important risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Few studies have evaluated the association between vitamin D and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children. Therefore, we conducted a study to examine the relationship of vitamin D levels and hepatosteatosis in obese children.One hundred and eleven children with obesity participated in this study. Hepatosteatosis was diagnosed and graded using ultrasonography in all patients. Study participants were divided based on the presence of hepatosteatosis into two subgroups (hepatosteatosis and non-hepatosteatosis). Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone, and lipids were measured and compared.Hepatosteatosis existed in 52% of obese children without chronic diseases. There was no statistically significant difference in the vitamin D level between the hepatosteatosis and non-hepatosteatosis groups. Alanine aminotransferase levels and the triglycerides-to-high density lipoprotein ratio were significantly higher, and the high density lipoprotein levels were significantly lower in the hepatosteatosis group compared to the non-hepatosteatosis group.Vitamin D deficiency is not directly related with hepatosteatosis. A high ALT level and a high triglycerides-to-HDL ratio and low HDL levels are more significant in hepatic steatosis in obese children.

scholarly journals Estimation of gamma-glutamyl transferase as a suitable simple biomarker of the cardiovascular risk in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bobrus-Chociej ◽  
Marta Flisiak-Jackiewicz ◽  
Urszula Daniluk ◽  
Małgorzata Wojtkowska ◽  
Monika Kłusek- Oksiuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Research conducted in adults has proven that GGT can also be an independent risk factor for CVD. The aim of this study was to ascertain if GGT can be regarded as a simple biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese children with NAFLD. One hundred obese children, aged 7-17 years, with suspected liver pathology were admitted to our Department. Viral hepatitis and autoimmune, toxic and selected metabolic liver diseases were excluded. Anthropometry, laboratory tests, 1HMR spectroscopy and evaluation of the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) were performed in all subjects. NAFLD was confirmed in 38 obese patients. There was a significantly higher activity of GGT and ALT, the concentration of total and LDL cholesterol, waist circumference, left coronary artery IMT, mean IMT value and total lipids in 1HMRS in children with NAFLD in comparison to non-hepatopathic obese children. Logistic regression analysis indicated that GGT, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, left IMT and waist circumference significantly affected the development of NAFLD in obese children. In ROC analysis only GGT, waist circumference and left IMT allowed to differentiate children with NAFLD from those without steatosis with GGT having the highest result (AUC=0.94). GGT activity in patients revealed weak or at the upper limit of statistical significance correlation with traditional cardiovascular risk factors: glucose level, waist circumference, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and insulin level. This allows to suggest, that GGT might be a potential reliable, simple and non-invasive biochemical marker for estimation of cardiovascular risk in obese children with NAFLD. However, further studies on larger population are necessary to confirm that observation.

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