scholarly journals Unfolding Water Quality Status During COVID-19 Lockdown for the Highly Polluted Santiago River in Jalisco, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurusamy Kutralam-Muniasamy ◽  
Fermín Pérez-Guevara ◽  
Ignacio Elizalde Martinez ◽  
Shruti Venkata Chari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
The Government ◽  
Temporary Closure

Abstract The Santiago River is one of Mexico's most polluted waterways and evaluating its surface water quality during the COVID-19 outbreak is critical to assessing the changes and improvements, if any, from the nationwide lockdown (April-May 2020). Hence, the data for 12 water quality parameters from 13 sampling stations during April-May 2020 (lockdown) were compared with the levels for the same period of 2019 (pre-lockdown) and with the same interval of previous eleven-years (2009-2019). The values of BOD (14%), COD (29%), TSS (7%), f. coli (31%), t. coli (14%) and Pb (20%) declined, while pH, EC, turbidity, total nitrogen and As enhanced by 0.3-21% during the lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period suggesting decrements of organic load in the river due to the temporary closure of industrial and commercial activities. An eleven-year comparison estimated the reduction of pH, TSS, COD, total nitrogen and Pb by 1-38%. The analysis of water quality index estimates showed short-term improvements of river water quality in the lockdown period, compared to pre-lockdown and eleven-year trend as well as indicated very poor quality of the river. The contamination sources identified by factor analysis were mainly related to untreated domestic sewage, industrial wastewaters and agriculture effluents influencing the river water quality. Overall, our findings demonstrated positive responses of COVID-19 imposed lockdown on water quality of the Santiago River during the study period, providing a foundation for the government policy makers to identify the sources of pollution, to better design environmental policies and plans for water quality improvements.

scholarly journals Unfolding Water Quality Status During COVID-19 Lockdown for The Highly Polluted Santiago River in Jalisco, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurusamy Kutralam-Muniasamy ◽  
Fermín Pérez-Guevara ◽  
Ignacio Elizalde Martínez ◽  
Shruti Venkata Chari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
The Government ◽  
Temporary Closure

Abstract Santiago River is one of the most contaminated waterways in Mexico and its surface water quality evaluation during COVID-19 outbreak is critical to assess the changes and improvements, if any, from the nationwide lockdown (April-May 2020). Hence, the data for 12 water quality parameters from 13 sampling stations during April-May 2020 (lockdown) were compared with the levels for the same period of 2019 (pre-lockdown) and with the same interval of previous eleven-years (2009–2019). The values of BOD (14%), COD (29%), TSS (7%), f. coli (31%), t. coli (14%) and Pb (20%) declined, while pH, EC, turbidity, total nitrogen and As enhanced by 0.3–21% during the lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period suggesting decrements of organic load in the river due to the temporary closure of industrial and commercial activities. An eleven-year comparison estimated the reduction of pH, TSS, COD, total nitrogen and Pb by 1–38%. The analysis of water quality index estimates showed short-term improvements of river water quality in the lockdown period, compared to pre-lockdown and eleven-year trend as well as indicated very poor quality of the river. The contamination sources identified by factor analysis were mainly related to untreated domestic sewage, industrial wastewaters and agriculture effluents influencing the river water quality. Overall, our findings demonstrated positive responses of COVID-19 imposed lockdown on water quality of the Santiago River during the study period, providing a foundation for the government policy makers to identify the sources of pollution, to better design environmental policies and plans for water quality improvements.

Effects of Two Types of Landfills on River Water Quality and Endocrine Disruptor Concentrations Before and After Rainfall in a Subtropical Climate

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wei Lin ◽  
Mei-Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Garbage Dump ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dilution Effects

Abstract One closed uncontrolled landfill, the Neihu garbage dump, and one active controlled landfill, the Sanzhuku sanitary landfill, were selected for investigation of their leachate characteristics and effects on adjacent river water quality before and after rainfall in northern Taiwan. A total of seven samplings were made during February and June 2007, with four samplings done after individual rainfall events on study sites. Water quality of runoff samples collected from the Sanzhuku sanitary landfill showed less pollution than the water quality of leachates collected from the Neihu garbage dump; however, some water quality levels of leachate samples collected from the Neihu garbage dump were relatively high, such as ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), orthophosphate (PO43-) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). At the uncontrolled dump, rainfall lead to dilution effects on river water NH3-N and PO43- concentrations, but not other water quality parameters. In contrast, the concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol were increased in both types of landfills after rainfall in the present study. Dilution effects of rainfall on most water quality parameters and toxicity tests were observed in the Neihu garbage dump leachates after rainfall, but not for the Sanzhuku Landfill runoff. The highest concentration of BPA measured in this study was 25.8 μg L-1 in the Sanzhuku sanitary landfill runoff after the heaviest rainfall event, during which 236 mm of rainfall accumulated over four days. The results of this study suggest that both uncontrolled and controlled landfill leachates can be an important potential pollution source of BPA to adjacent water bodies.

scholarly journals Geographic Information System for a Community-Based Water Quality Mapping of Rivers in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Shofwatul ‘Uyun
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Monitoring Area

River Water with good quality status is the primary needs for the Indonesian people who live along the river. Indonesia has more or less 303 rivers with varied status of water quality. On the other side, the government is obliged to conduct the current situation mapping and to spread the status of river water quality to the surrounding society. It is certainly not an easy job considering the amount and width of the monitoring area. Therefore, this research has proposed a new concept to map the status of river water quality using the STORET method by involving the active participation of the local river community. The locations of research are: Kambaniru river, Brantas river, dan Gajah Wong river. There are seven parameters used to determine the status of river water quality those are: temperature, EC/DHL, TDS, PH, DO, BOD and Caliform. The river community can report the data of analysis result into a system in accordance with the sampling location by enclosing the spatial data. The system will present the status of water quality starting from each point of location to the status of water quality of certain river. The testing result functionally indicates that the system is able to give perfect accuration value. While from its usability, the respondents’ responses are as follows: very agree 60.40%, agree 37.95%, and disagree 1.65%.

scholarly journals Urban river water quality improvement in Bandung City, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 896 (1) ◽  
pp. 012053
Author(s):  
Y M Yustiani ◽  
T Alfiah
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Domestic Activity ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government

Abstract Bandung City is one of the big cities in Indonesia with a relatively poor river water quality. Several improvement efforts have been made, especially by the government. This study aims to review these improvement efforts and the results obtained. The rivers that are the leading review are the Cikapundung River, Citepus River, Cicadas River, and Cipamokolan River. The data was obtained from the monitoring results conducted by the government environmental service bureau of Bandung and the Province of West Java. Based on the study results, it was found that there was an improvement in the water quality of the Citepus River, but this river had a non-biodegradation capacity in 2020. The high TSS, COD, BOD, and MBAS detergents indicate the dominating domestic activity in urban watersheds. The most significant control effort to improve the quality of river water in the city of Bandung is the availability of waste treatment at the source, both household and regional scale. Onsite efforts to improve river water quality also have a positive impact, i.e., applying an eco-enzyme solution and developing structures in the river for the aeration process.

scholarly journals Impact of Precipitation and Flow Rate Changes on the Water Quality of a Coastal River

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hassan Pourfallah Koushali ◽  
Reza Mastouri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khaledian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Box Plots ◽  
Coastal River

This paper aims to investigate the effects of natural variables, including precipitation and flow rate, on the quality of the Zarjoub River in Guilan province, Iran. The new hydrological insight in this study is a lack of national research focused on the dual effects of rainfall and flow rate on river water quality in coastal areas along the Anzali Wetland. To investigate the effect of precipitation and flow rate on river water quality, nine water quality variables were monitored during the 10-year period. In this article, (a) the existence of trends and the best fitted models of water quality parameters and the discharge and precipitation were analysed using statistical techniques and (b) the relationships between concentration of constituents with the discharge and precipitation on the up-stream and middle station were also examined. Box plots, for explaining the distribution of a data collection, were used. The results showed the existence of trend of water quality parameters with river flow and rainfall. As presented in Section 3, with increasing precipitation and flow rate, concentration of all constituents, except pH and SO₄2, decreased. On the contrary, the maximum amount of water quality elements was observed in low precipitations; therefore, the maximum concentration occurred in less than 15 mm precipitation. Simple regression was used to evaluate the discharge concentration and precipitation concentration. According to the correlation coefficient (r), the relationship between concentration and precipitation is weaker than (0.238) discharge concentration (0.699). The results further showed climate change and river water quality to be related.

scholarly journals Trend in river water quality: tracking the overall impacts of climate change and human activities on water quality in the Dez River Basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nariman Mahmoodi ◽  
Khaled Osati ◽  
Ali Salajegheh ◽  
Mohsen Mohseni Saravi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
River Water Quality

Abstract A perceptible degradation in water quality complicates safe water supply for drinking and irrigation purposes. Therefore, this study aims at monitoring water quality changes and effective factors in the Dez River Basin, which are required to manage water resources effectively. To this end, the common influence of flow rate changes on water quality was separated by implementing seasonal Mann–Kendall test on residuals resulting from the LOWESS test. The results show that after adjusting the effects of seasonality and streamflow fluctuations, significant positive trends in most water quality parameters are still observed. It emphasizes the role of other factors controlling river water quality in the basin. Comparison of the trends of modified quality parameter time series (residuals) in different subbasins having natural or mad-made conditions, with or without significant groundwater resources, shows almost the same presented trends in water quality. This supports that, overall, minor changes occurred in land use, groundwater table, and environmental and human factors with no important influences on presented trends in water quality. Our analyses show that overall reduction in precipitation as well as positive trends in temperature and evaporation led to intensified streamflow variations, explaining the main changes in the river water quality of the basin.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality of Major Tributaries in Seoul using Water Quality Index and Cluster Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 452-462
Author(s):  
Jinhyo Lee ◽  
Hyunju Ha ◽  
Manho Lee ◽  
Mokyoung Lee ◽  
Taeho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
River Water ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Objectives : 17 water quality measurement networks (WQMNs, tributaries) in Seoul were analyzed by using NSFWQI and cluster analysis to provide basic data for future river water quality management so that citizens could easily and comprehensively understand the water quality information on the rivers in Seoul.Methods : For the past 3 years (2015~2017), in order to estimate WQI, 9 items, DO (% sat), Fecal coliform, pH, BOD, Temperature change (TC), TP, NO3-, Turbidity and Total solids, were selected from among the 19 water quality data measurement items produced monthly from 17 WQMNs in Seoul. WQI was derived and graded using NSFWQI and cluster analysis was performed using Ward Linkage Method, SOM (Self Organizing Map).Results and Discussion : Water quality of most water quality monitoring networks was BOD Ⅱ grade (slightly good) or higher and TP Ⅲ grade (normal) or higher according to the standard of water quality and water ecosystem river living environment, and NSFWQI was also 64 (Medium)~89 (Good). All showed good water quality. NSFWQI does not show a significant difference by season, so it is believed that it is affected by anthropogenic sources rather than seasonal effects. As a result of examining the correlation between NSFWQI and water quality level according to environmental standards, it was confirmed that R2 has a relatively good correlation with 0.78, and there is no clear difference between the two groups, and through this, it was found that the currently implemented water quality rating system and NSFWQI are well matched. As a result of cluster analysis using ward linkage method and SOM for 17 WQMNs, it was largely divided into 6 groups according to water quality characteristics.Conclusions : It is important to manage pollution sources to systematically manage river water quality as a water resource. It is therefore expected that by converting from the complicated and various water quality information such as is found in this study into a simple water quality index and grouping, the river water quality can be easily understood and can be utilized in the future as basic data for water quality management in Seoul.

Assessment of Godavari River Water Quality of Nanded City, Maharashtra, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1117-1129
Author(s):  
P. R. Shaikh ◽  
Girish Deore ◽  
A. D. Pathare ◽  
D. V. Pathare ◽  
R. S. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Godavari River
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