scholarly journals Impact of Precipitation and Flow Rate Changes on the Water Quality of a Coastal River

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hassan Pourfallah Koushali ◽  
Reza Mastouri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khaledian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Box Plots ◽  
Coastal River

This paper aims to investigate the effects of natural variables, including precipitation and flow rate, on the quality of the Zarjoub River in Guilan province, Iran. The new hydrological insight in this study is a lack of national research focused on the dual effects of rainfall and flow rate on river water quality in coastal areas along the Anzali Wetland. To investigate the effect of precipitation and flow rate on river water quality, nine water quality variables were monitored during the 10-year period. In this article, (a) the existence of trends and the best fitted models of water quality parameters and the discharge and precipitation were analysed using statistical techniques and (b) the relationships between concentration of constituents with the discharge and precipitation on the up-stream and middle station were also examined. Box plots, for explaining the distribution of a data collection, were used. The results showed the existence of trend of water quality parameters with river flow and rainfall. As presented in Section 3, with increasing precipitation and flow rate, concentration of all constituents, except pH and SO₄2, decreased. On the contrary, the maximum amount of water quality elements was observed in low precipitations; therefore, the maximum concentration occurred in less than 15 mm precipitation. Simple regression was used to evaluate the discharge concentration and precipitation concentration. According to the correlation coefficient (r), the relationship between concentration and precipitation is weaker than (0.238) discharge concentration (0.699). The results further showed climate change and river water quality to be related.

Effects of Two Types of Landfills on River Water Quality and Endocrine Disruptor Concentrations Before and After Rainfall in a Subtropical Climate

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wei Lin ◽  
Mei-Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Garbage Dump ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dilution Effects

Abstract One closed uncontrolled landfill, the Neihu garbage dump, and one active controlled landfill, the Sanzhuku sanitary landfill, were selected for investigation of their leachate characteristics and effects on adjacent river water quality before and after rainfall in northern Taiwan. A total of seven samplings were made during February and June 2007, with four samplings done after individual rainfall events on study sites. Water quality of runoff samples collected from the Sanzhuku sanitary landfill showed less pollution than the water quality of leachates collected from the Neihu garbage dump; however, some water quality levels of leachate samples collected from the Neihu garbage dump were relatively high, such as ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), orthophosphate (PO43-) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). At the uncontrolled dump, rainfall lead to dilution effects on river water NH3-N and PO43- concentrations, but not other water quality parameters. In contrast, the concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol were increased in both types of landfills after rainfall in the present study. Dilution effects of rainfall on most water quality parameters and toxicity tests were observed in the Neihu garbage dump leachates after rainfall, but not for the Sanzhuku Landfill runoff. The highest concentration of BPA measured in this study was 25.8 μg L-1 in the Sanzhuku sanitary landfill runoff after the heaviest rainfall event, during which 236 mm of rainfall accumulated over four days. The results of this study suggest that both uncontrolled and controlled landfill leachates can be an important potential pollution source of BPA to adjacent water bodies.

scholarly journals Determining the Amount of Sanitary Water Flow from Dams based on the Quality of Drinking Water

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Annual Discharge

Introduction: Given the crisis of water shortage and the industrial development in Iran, comprehensive water-resource management, planning, and serious handling of water quality of the rivers in Iran are the critical issues to tackle with. The concentration of river pollutants is a function of both the quantity and quality of the river flow regime. In this regard, the construction of large dams leads to quantitative and qualitative changes in downstream rivers. These changes are effective in the health of the river environment for such uses as drinking, agriculture, and industry. Accordingly, it is essential to consider the quality of river water in addition to the amount of river water needs. Materials and Methods: This study examined a 22-km long section of the river at the riffle of Taleghan Dam in Alborz Province (103 km from Karaj), Iran. The average annual and monthly discharges of the river in four 6-km-apart stations were estimated. The statistics of eight hydrometric stations and a discharge-surface method were used to calculate the average annual discharge of each sub-basin downstream of Taleghan Dam. Moreover, the discharge non-dimensionalization method, along with the observational statistics of the index station, was used to calculate the average monthly discharge in the examined stations. The Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (RAS-HEC) software was then utilized to determine the values ​​of river flow rates hydraulically. Additionally, water quality parameters were compared with the standard concentrations proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking-water quality to examine possible changes in pollutant concentrations during the study. Correlation and regression statistical tests in SPSS software (version 24) were then used to analyze the relationship between discharge and pollutant concentration. Results: The experimental equation of Q = 0.0372A0.8641 was obtained to estimate the discharge based on the sub-basins area using the discharge-surface method. The average annual discharge at stations 2, 3, and 4 (B, C, and D) were estimated at 1.39, 2.11, and 3.39 m3/s, respectively, using this equation. Subsequently, the average monthly discharges in the studied stations in September were calculated at 0.21, 0.29, and 0.46 m3/s, respectively. Afterward, the discharge was measured using HEC-RAS software in the same month at 0.34, 0.44, 0, and 0.62 m3/s, respectively. The examination of water quality values from ​​among the 17 water quality parameters revealed that physicochemical elements, pH concentration, lead (Pb), and electrical conductivity were higher than the standard concentration of drinking water proposed by the WHO. Conclusion: A model was presented to estimate sanitary water flow by performing correlation tests and linear regression calculations between the river discharge at the dam downstream and the concentration of water quality parameters. According to the proposed model, the minimum flow of sanitary water was estimated at 1.82 m3/s to be considered to release from the dam in the driest month of the year. Therefore, the release of water as the minimum flow of sanitary water less than 1.82 m3/s was not allowed in any other month of the year.

scholarly journals Unfolding Water Quality Status During COVID-19 Lockdown for the Highly Polluted Santiago River in Jalisco, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurusamy Kutralam-Muniasamy ◽  
Fermín Pérez-Guevara ◽  
Ignacio Elizalde Martinez ◽  
Shruti Venkata Chari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
The Government ◽  
Temporary Closure

Abstract The Santiago River is one of Mexico's most polluted waterways and evaluating its surface water quality during the COVID-19 outbreak is critical to assessing the changes and improvements, if any, from the nationwide lockdown (April-May 2020). Hence, the data for 12 water quality parameters from 13 sampling stations during April-May 2020 (lockdown) were compared with the levels for the same period of 2019 (pre-lockdown) and with the same interval of previous eleven-years (2009-2019). The values of BOD (14%), COD (29%), TSS (7%), f. coli (31%), t. coli (14%) and Pb (20%) declined, while pH, EC, turbidity, total nitrogen and As enhanced by 0.3-21% during the lockdown compared to the pre-lockdown period suggesting decrements of organic load in the river due to the temporary closure of industrial and commercial activities. An eleven-year comparison estimated the reduction of pH, TSS, COD, total nitrogen and Pb by 1-38%. The analysis of water quality index estimates showed short-term improvements of river water quality in the lockdown period, compared to pre-lockdown and eleven-year trend as well as indicated very poor quality of the river. The contamination sources identified by factor analysis were mainly related to untreated domestic sewage, industrial wastewaters and agriculture effluents influencing the river water quality. Overall, our findings demonstrated positive responses of COVID-19 imposed lockdown on water quality of the Santiago River during the study period, providing a foundation for the government policy makers to identify the sources of pollution, to better design environmental policies and plans for water quality improvements.

scholarly journals Modeling river water quality parameters using modified adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Azad ◽  
Hojat Karami ◽  
Saeed Farzin ◽  
Sayed-Farhad Mousavi ◽  
Ozgur Kisi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy

scholarly journals Reconstruction of river water quality missing data using artificial neural networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Tabari ◽  
P. Hosseinzadeh Talaee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
River Water ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Rbf Networks ◽  
Input Variables

The monitoring of river water quality is important for human life and the health of the environment. However, water quality studies in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries, are restricted by the existence of missing data. In this study, the efficiency of the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) networks for recovering the missing values of 13 water quality parameters was examined based on data from five stations located along the Maroon River, Iran. The monthly values of other existing water quality parameters were used as input variables to the MLP and RBF models. According to the achieved results, the hardness missing values were estimated precisely by both the MLP and RBF networks, while the worst performance of the networks was found for the turbidity parameter. It was also found that the MLP models were superior to the RBF models to reconstruct water quality missing data.

scholarly journals Wavelet and statistical analyses of river water quality parameters: a case study in the Lower Minnesota River

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 922-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ang Gao ◽  
Shiqiang Wu ◽  
Senlin Zhu ◽  
Zhun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Wavelet Decomposition ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Minnesota River ◽  
One Year

Abstract Statistical and wavelet analyses are useful tools for analyzing river water quality parameters. In this study, they were employed to study parameters including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate (NO3), ammonium (NH4), phosphate (PO4), total phosphorus (TP), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), chlorophyll a (CHLA), total suspended solids (TSS) and water temperature (TEMP) monitored at five hydrologic stations on the Lower Minnesota River, USA. Strong positive correlations were observed between CHLA-BOD, TP-TKN, TP-TSS and TKN-TSS, with strong negative correlation between DO-TEMP. Daubechies wavelet at level 5 has been calculated for some key water quality parameters as it gives the finer scale approximation and decomposition of each water parameter. The results show that TEMP and DO have relative quasi-periodicity of about one year, while the quasi-periodicity of NH4 and PO4 are weaker than for TEMP and DO. Correlations between some parameters based on wavelet decomposition results are consistent. The fluctuation range characteristics of some parameters were also analyzed through wavelet decomposition.

scholarly journals Changes in the Lower Drava River Water Quality Parameters Over 24 Years

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlatka Gvozdić ◽  
Josip Brana ◽  
Dinko Puntarić ◽  
Domagoj Vidosavljević ◽  
Danijela Roland
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Drava River ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Post War

Changes in the Lower Drava River Water Quality Parameters Over 24 YearsThe goal of this study was to analyse 13 physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the Drava River water at three sampling sites in the lower Drava region (eastern Croatia) over two distinct periods: the pre-war period between 1985 and 1992 and the post-war period between 1993 and 2008. Over both periods, most parameters kept within the tolerable water quality limits, while NO3-N, NH4-N and BOD5 were higher. The lower Drava showed slight organic pollution with high concentrations of dissolved oxygen. High levels of total coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria in the post-war period were only found downstream of the town of Osijek. Upstream of Osijek, the river showed a tendency for improvement.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS PERAIRAN DI SUNGAI KOMERING DESA ULAK JERMUN KABUPATEN OGAN KOMERING ILIR SEBAGAI DASAR PENGELOLAAN BUDIDAYA IKAN SISTEM KERAMBA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Reno Irawan ◽  
Robiyanto Hendro Susanto ◽  
Mohamad Rasyid Ridho
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Water Quality Criteria ◽  
River Waters

ABSTRACT                The increasing of people amount, the more activities done happen around the Komering River. Many activities done can potentially lead to a decrease in water quality in the river. This study aimed to analyze the water quality in accordance with the raw river water quality criteria for class I and to analyze the water quality state in the Komering river of  Ulak Jermun village Sirah Pulau Padang District. This research was conducted in the Komering Ulak Jermun village Sirah Pulau Padang District from November to December 2016. The observation of water samples conducted at the Laboratory Pengujian Terpadu of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics University of Sriwijaya. This research used survey method that consists of three stations with 9 sampling points and sampling was conducted 4 times in a month. Based on the analysis of water quality parameters are still within the range of quality standards among others, temperature, pH, BOD5 and phosphate while the water quality parameters exceed the quality standard that TSS, dissolved oxygen, COD and ammonia and based on the analysis storet Komering river waters classified into water quality class C, i.e. moderately contaminated. Keywords: Komering River, Water Quality, Storet  Methods, Water Quality Index 

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