scholarly journals Analyses of displacement of the heart and its substructures caused by cardiac movement and identification of compensatory margins based on breath-hold electrocardiograph-gated 4-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging for oesophageal radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghui Yang ◽  
Chengrui Fu ◽  
Guanzhong Gong ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Papillary Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
4D Mri ◽  
Planning Ct ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Abstract Background: Cardiac movement can affect the accuracy of the evaluation of the location of heart and its substructures by planning computed tomography (CT). We aimed to measure the margin displacement and calculate compensatory margins through breath-hold electrocardiograph (ECG)-gated 4-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (4D-MRI) for oesophageal radiotherapy.Methods: The study enrolled 10 patients with oesophageal radiotherapy plans and pretreatment 4D-MRI data. The displacement of the heart and its substructures was measured between the end of the systolic and diastolic phases in one cardiac cycle. The compensatory margins were calculated by extending the planning CT to cover the internal target volume (ITV) of all structures. Differences between groups were tested with the Kruskal-Wallis H test.Results: The extent of movement of the heart and its substructures during one cardiac cycle were approximately 4.0-26.1 mm in the anterior-posterior (AP),left-right (LR), and cranial-caudal (CC) axes, and the compensatory margins should be applied to the planning CT by extending the margins by 1.7, 3.6, 1.8, 3.0, 2.1, and 2.9 mm for the pericardium, 1.2, 2.5, 1.0, 2.8, 1.8, and 3.3 mm for the heart, 3.8, 3.4, 3.1, 2.8, 0.9, and 2.0 mm for the interatrial septum, 3.3, 4.9, 2.0, 4.1, 1.1, and 2.9 mm for the interventricular septum, 2.2, 3.0, 1.1, 5.3, 1.8, and 2.4 mm for the left ventricular muscle (LVM), 5.9, 3.4, 2.1, 6.1, 5.4, and 3.6 mm for the antero-lateral papillary muscle (ALPM), and 6.6, 2.9, 2.6, 6.6, 3.9, and 4.8 mm for the postero-medial papillary muscle (PMPM) in the anterior, posterior, left, right, cranial, and caudal directions.Conclusions: The locations of the heart and its substructures determined by planning CT were not able to represent the true positions due to cardiac movement, and compensatory margins can be applied to decrease the influence of movement.

scholarly journals Heritability of left ventricular and papillary muscle heart size: a twin study with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (13) ◽  
pp. 1643-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph A. Busjahn ◽  
Jeanette Schulz-Menger ◽  
Hassan Abdel-Aty ◽  
Andre Rudolph ◽  
Jens Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Papillary Muscle ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Heart Size

Abstract 4556: Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Evaluating Left Ventricular Rotation and Synchronization in Patients with Congenital Single Ventricle Disease

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaokui Li ◽  
Craig S Broberg ◽  
Mary E Joyce ◽  
Helene Houle ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Papillary Muscle ◽  
Single Ventricle ◽  
Cardiac Mechanics ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ssfp Cine ◽  
Ventricular Mechanics ◽  
Mri Study

Rotational motion of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium has recently received attention as an index of ventricular function. Echocardiographic methods for evaluation of ventricular mechanics are limited by image quality. We developed a method for evaluating cardiac mechanics on gradient cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Twelve adult single ventricle (SV) patients were retroactively selected to compare with 11 randomly selected relatively normal patients who had undergone cardiac MRI study. Detailed SSFP cine images were acquired at several levels in short axis views using Philips and GE MRI systems. Images from each study were evaluated at the apex and papillary muscle levels using VVI (Siemens) for degree of rotation and circumferential strain rate (CSR). Maximal time difference between each segment was recorded as well as the average degree of rotation. When compared with normal patients, SV patients had less rotation at both apex and papillary muscle levels and more dispersion of peak rotation: average rotation: 1.79° ± 0.81° vs. 3.60° ± 1.38°, p < 0.0001, peak rotation: 3.10° ± 1.25° vs 5.71°± 2.63°, p < 0.0001. In contrast, maximum wall motion delay between the segments of each level for data obtained from both rotation and CSR was greater for SV pathology than normals: rotational segment delay, 181.55 ± 76.06 ms vs. 66.86 ± 47.11 ms, p < 0.0001; CSR delay, 90.73 ± 61.98 ms vs. 44.23 ± 37.14 ms, p = 0.004. Average CSR for SV was −8.87 ± 7.30 s −1 and for normals, −18.02 ± 7.31 s −1 . Our MRI mechanics study showed decreased CSR in SVs compared to normal LVs, and also a marked decrease in and segmental dyssynchrony of rotation.

scholarly journals Exercise training improves cardiac performance in diabetes: in vivo demonstration with quantitative cine-MRI analyses

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajprasad Loganathan ◽  
Mehmet Bilgen ◽  
Baraa Al-Hafez ◽  
Svyatoslav V. Zhero ◽  
Mohammed D. Alenezy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Catabolic State

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a distinct myocardial complication of the catabolic state of untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Exercise training has long been utilized as an effective adjunct to pharmacotherapy in the management of the diabetic heart. However, the in vivo functional benefit(s) of the training programs on cardiac cycle events in diabetes are poorly understood. In this study, we used three groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (sedentary control, sedentary diabetic, and exercised diabetic) to assess the effects of endurance training on the left ventricular (LV) cardiac cycle events in diabetes. At the end of 9 wk of exercise training, noninvasive cardiac functional evaluation was performed by using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (9.4 T). An ECG-gated cine imaging protocol was used to capture the LV cardiac cycle events through 10 equally incremented phases. The cardiac cycle phase volumetric profiles showed favorable functional changes in exercised diabetic group, including a prevention of decreased end-diastolic volume and attenuation of increased end-systolic volume that accompanies sedentary diabetes. The defects in LV systolic flow velocity, acceleration, and jerk associated with sedentary diabetes were restored toward control levels in the trained diabetic animals. This magnetic resonance imaging study confirms the prevailing evidence from earlier in vitro and in vivo invasive procedures that exercise training benefits cardiac function in this model of diabetic cardiomyopathy despite the extreme catabolic state of the animals.

scholarly journals Organ perfusion during voluntary pulmonary hyperinflation; a magnetic resonance imaging study

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (3) ◽  
pp. H444-H451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasper Kyhl ◽  
Ivan Drvis ◽  
Otto Barak ◽  
Tanja Mijacika ◽  
Thomas Engstrøm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Liver Perfusion ◽  
Liver Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Organ Perfusion ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Hyperinflation

Pulmonary hyperinflation is used by competitive breath-hold divers and is accomplished by glossopharyngeal insufflation (GPI), which is known to compress the heart and pulmonary vessels, increasing sympathetic activity and lowering cardiac output (CO) without known consequence for organ perfusion. Myocardial, pulmonary, skeletal muscle, kidney, and liver perfusion were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging in 10 elite breath-hold divers at rest and during moderate GPI. Cardiac chamber volumes, stroke volume, and thus CO were determined from cardiac short-axis cine images. Organ volumes were assessed from gradient echo sequences, and organ perfusion was evaluated from first-pass images after gadolinium injection. During GPI, lung volume increased by 5.2 ± 1.5 liters (mean ± SD; P < 0.001), while spleen and liver volume decreased by 46 ± 39 and 210 ± 160 ml, respectively ( P < 0.05), and inferior caval vein diameter by 4 ± 3 mm ( P < 0.05). Heart rate tended to increase (67 ± 10 to 86 ± 20 beats/min; P = 0.052) as right and left ventricular volumes were reduced ( P < 0.05). Stroke volume (107 ± 21 to 53 ± 15 ml) and CO (7.2 ± 1.6 to 4.2 ± 0.8 l/min) decreased as assessed after 1 min of GPI ( P < 0.01). Left ventricular myocardial perfusion maximum upslope and its perfusion index decreased by 1.52 ± 0.15 s−1 ( P < 0.001) and 0.02 ± 0.01 s−1 ( P < 0.05), respectively, without transmural differences. Pulmonary tissue, spleen, kidney, and pectoral-muscle perfusion also decreased ( P < 0.05), and yet liver perfusion was maintained. Thus, during pulmonary hyperinflation by GPI, CO and organ perfusion, including the myocardium, as well as perfusion of skeletal muscles, are reduced, and yet perfusion of the liver is maintained. Liver perfusion seems to be prioritized when CO decreases during GPI.

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