scholarly journals Medical Professionals Have Higher Risk for Colorectal Adenoma But Lower Risks for Reflux Esophagitis and Atrophic Gastritis: A Propensity Score-Based Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Qiao ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Xiu-Li Zuo
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
General Population Group

Abstract Background: Previous studies had indicated that medical professionals’ lifestyles were not as healthy as recommended. Whether these lifestyles lead to higher incidences of gastrointestinal diseases is unknown. Objectives: To compare the incidences of gastrointestinal diseases between medical professionals and general populations. Methods: Subjects who underwent endoscopy examination for physical examination in Qilu Hospital from January 2017 to September 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. Propensity score based analysis was used to generate two age- and sex-matched groups, Medical Professional Group and General Population Group. The positive rates of gastrointestinal disorders in two groups, were analyzed by Pearson’s Chi-square test. Subgroup analysis within Medical Professional Group was performed to identify risk factors for medical staffs. Results: 1534 records were enrolled, 791 for gastroscope and 743 for colonoscope. Among upper gastrointestinal diseases, the detection rates of atrophic gastritis and reflux esophagitis showed significant differences, which were 19.8% in Medical Professional Group and 25.9% in General Population Group (p=.04) for atrophic gastritis, 4.0% in Medical Professional Group and 12.6% in General Population Group (p<0.001) for reflux esophagitis. Among the subjects who received colonoscopy, the adenoma detection rate of the Medical Professional Group (17.5%) was statistically distinguished from the General Population Group (11.5%) (p = .02). Conclusion: In a provincial comprehensive hospital in China, medical Professional Group has significantly higher risk for colorectal adenoma, but lower risks for atrophic gastritis and reflux esophagitis.

Checklist Identification of Elementary Schoolboys for Clinical Referral or Evaluation of Eligibility for Special Education

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Mattison ◽  
James C. Lynch ◽  
Helen Kales ◽  
Alan D. Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Practical Procedure ◽  
Emotional Dysfunction ◽  
Mental Health Referral ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
Clinical Referral

Achenbach and Edelbrock teacher and parent checklists were used to develop a practical procedure to assist educators in determining if a boy with behavioral/emotional dysfunction in elementary school requires mental health referral or SED evaluation. SED, psychiatric outpatient, and general population Caucasian boys ages 6 to 11 years were compared. Appropriately, scores for the SED and the outpatient groups were pathological and significantly greater than scores for the general population group on both checklists, while SED scores were significantly higher than outpatient scores on the teacher checklist. Logistic regression analyses showed the Total Problem scales of both checklists to be the most efficient and economical scales for classification. Finally, probability tables were constructed to distinguish SED and outpatient boys from general population boys, and SED boys from outpatient boys.

scholarly journals Attitudes surrounding the disclosure of mental illness

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S288-S289
Author(s):  
Brishti Sengupta ◽  
Pritha Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Attitude Shift

AimsTo survey the effect of COVID-19 on mental health of both medical professionals and the general population, as well as attitudes surrounding the disclosure of mental illness.MethodAn online survey comprised of two questionnaires, one for medical professionals and one for the general population, were conducted via social media. Both questionnaires asked respondents of the effect of COVID-19 on their mental health, and the former asked respondents about the effect of COVID-19 on their patient group's mental health. The questionnaires went on to ask respondents about their attitudes to mental health disclosure in various scenarios, to varying groups of people. The general population group was also asked how they would react if someone else disclosed their mental illness to them.ResultThe questionnaire for the medical professionals gained 62 respondents and the one for the general population had 122 respondents, with responses from multiple nations. Overall, COVID-19 has affected everyone's mental health to a degree, and all groups had reservations about disclosing their mental health issues to others. The medical professionals were especially reluctant to disclose mental illness to their patients, but were more comfortable when it came to disclosing mental illness to colleagues. The general population, however, was much more reluctant to disclose mental health issues to their colleagues. The general population were, on the whole, willing to listen to and help anyone who came to them with mental health concerns. Both groups surveyed showed reluctance toward disclosure to the wider community.ConclusionCOVID-19 appears to significantly affect not only physical health, but mental health as well. There is at least some degree of stigma surrounding the disclosure of mental health issues. While most would be happy to help anyone who came to them with their mental health problems, there seems to be an attitude shift when people must contend with mental health issues of their own.

Obstructive sleep apnoea is more prevalent in men with schizophrenia compared to general population controls: results of a matched cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Myles ◽  
Andrew Vincent ◽  
Nicholas Myles ◽  
Robert Adams ◽  
Madhu Chandratilleke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
Relative Prevalence ◽  
Population Controls

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) may be more common in people with schizophrenia compared to the general population, but the relative prevalence is unknown. Here, we determine the relative prevalence of severe OSA in a cohort of men with schizophrenia compared to representative general population controls, and investigate the contribution of age and body mass index (BMI) to differences in prevalence. Methods: Rates of severe OSA (apnoea–hypopnoea index > 30) were compared between male patients with schizophrenia and controls from a representative general population study of OSA. Results: The prevalence of severe OSA was 25% in the schizophrenia group and 12.3% in the general population group. In subgroups matched by age, the relative risk of severe OSA was 2.9 ( p = 0.05) in the schizophrenia subjects, but when adjusted for age and BMI, the relative risk dropped to 1.7 and became non-significant ( p = 0.17). Conclusions: OSA is prevalent in men with schizophrenia. Obesity may be an important contributing factor to the increased rate of OSA.

Prävalenz und Charakteristika von Muskelkrämpfen bei Patienten mit Varikosis

VASA ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Hirai
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Venous Hypertension ◽  
Muscle Cramps ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
Short Saphenous Vein

Background: It has been suggested that limb circulation may be disturbed in patients with muscle cramps due to leg venous hypertension. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence and characteristics of muscle cramps from venous insufficiency. Patients and methods: The incidence and characteristics of muscle cramps, which were investigated by a questionnaire, were compared between 288 patients with incompetence of the long or short saphenous vein and 550 age-matched individuals from the general population. Results: The patient group showed a significantly higher incidence of muscle cramps in the last year than the general population group, 67% and 53%, respectively (p < 0.001). The incidence of calf cramps was significantly higher in the patient group than in the general population group, 91% and 75%, respectively (p < 0.001). Although most subjects reported symptoms occurring only at night, the incidence was significantly higher in the patient group than in the general population group, 78% and 52%, respectively (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the duration or severity of muscle cramps between the groups. The patient group showed a significantly higher incidence of more than 12 episodes per year than the general population group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Muscle cramps in patients with varicose veins occur more frequently and more often at night and in the calf in comparison with those from the general population.

scholarly journals Risks of solid cancers in elderly persons with osteoarthritis or ankylosing spondylitis

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 3817-3825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M Ward ◽  
Sara Alehashemi
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Renal Cell Cancer ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cancer Of The Bladder ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Objectives Patients with osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis have lower cancer-related mortality than the general population. We examined risks of solid cancers at 16 sites in elderly patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis (KHOA) or ankylosing spondylitis. Methods In this population-based retrospective cohort study, we used US Medicare data from 1999 to 2010 to identify cohorts of persons with KHOA or ankylosing spondylitis, and a general population group without either condition, who were followed through 2015. We compared cancer incidence among groups, adjusted for age, sex, race, socioeconomic characteristics, geographic region, smoking and comorbidities. Results We studied 2 701 782 beneficiaries with KHOA, 13 044 beneficiaries with ankylosing spondylitis, and 10 859 304 beneficiaries in the general population group. Beneficiaries with KHOA had lower risks of cancer of the oropharynx, oesophagus, stomach, colon/rectum, hepatobiliary tract, pancreas, larynx, lung, and ovary than the general population. However, beneficiaries with KHOA had higher risks of melanoma, renal cell cancer, and cancer of the bladder, breast, uterus and prostate. Associations were similar in ankylosing spondylitis, with lower risks of cancer of the oesophagus, stomach, and lung, and higher risks of melanoma, renal cell cancer, and cancer of the renal pelvis/ureter, bladder, breast, and prostate. Conclusion Lower risks of highly prevalent cancers, including colorectal and lung cancer, may explain lower cancer-related mortality in patients with KHOA or ankylosing spondylitis. Similarities in cancer risks between KHOA and AS implicate a common risk factor, possibly chronic NSAID use.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Typhoid Fever: Incidence of Typhoid Carriers in a General Population Group

1929 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Bromberg ◽  
R. Comaroff
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
General Population Group

Typhoid fever is one of the prevailing endemic diseases of Palestine. In 1925 and 1926 epidemic outbreaks of considerable magnitude occurred in various parts of the country (Kligler, 1927). As a part of a general programme of the study of the epidemiology of this disease, we have attempted to ascertain the incidence of typhoid carriers in a general population group. Owing to the large number of typhoid cases which occurred there in 1925 and 1926, Afule, a village of some 1200 inhabitants, was chosen as a desirable spot for such an investigation.

Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as a marker of exposure to pyrene: an epidemiological survey on a general population group

1997 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Roggi ◽  
C. Minoia ◽  
G.F. Sciarra ◽  
P. Apostoli ◽  
L. Maccarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
General Population Group

Patient out-of-pocket medical expenses over 2 years among Queenslanders with and without a major cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa G. Gordon ◽  
Thomas M. Elliott ◽  
Catherine M. Olsen ◽  
Nirmala Pandeya ◽  
David C. Whiteman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Health Study ◽  
User Group ◽  
Medical Expenses ◽  
Medical Fees ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
Out Of Pocket Expenses ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Medical out-of-pocket costs paid by patients can be problematic when it adversely affects access to care. Survey research involving patients with out-of-pocket expenses may have selection biases, so accurate estimates are unknown. During 2010–11, 419 participants from the QSkin Sun and Health Study (n=43794) had a confirmed diagnosis of either melanoma, prostate, breast, colorectal or lung cancer. These were matched to a general population group (n=421) and a group of high users of GP services (n=419). Medical fees charged and out-of-pocket medical expenses for Medicare services were analysed. Over 2 years, three-quarters of individuals with cancer paid up-front provider fees of up to A$20551 compared with A$10995 for the high GP user group and A$6394 for the general population group. Out-of-pocket expenses were significantly higher for those with cancer (mean A$3514) compared with the high GP-user group (mean A$1837) and general population group (A$1245). Highest expenses were for therapeutic procedures (mean A$2062). Older individuals, those with poor perceived health or private health insurance had the highest costs. Regardless of private insurance status, patients with one of the main five cancers pay significantly higher out-of-pocket costs for health care compared with those without cancer.

Severity of Socially and Emotionally Disturbed Boys' Dysfunction at School and Home: Comparison with Psychiatric and General Population Boys

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Mattison ◽  
Alan D. Gamble
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Emotionally Disturbed ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Teacher Ratings ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
General Population Group ◽  
Teacher’S Report Form

Boys aged 6 to 11 years recommended for SED placement were investigated with the Teacher's Report Form and the parent Child Behavior Checklist to determine their severity of dysfunction in both school and home environments. Their scores were also compared with the scores of outpatient and inpatient groups of boys with psychiatric disorders, and a general population sample of boys, all groups from the same geographic area. The teacher ratings for the SED boys were generally mean T scores of 68 or greater, ranked highest among the four groups, and were significantly higher than the outpatient and general population groups. Their parents' ratings were generally mean T scores of 65 or greater, were second in severity to the ratings for the inpatient boys, and were significantly greater than the general population group. Thus, serious degrees of dysfunction were found for these SED boys in both environments.

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