scholarly journals A Single Administration of Riluzole Applied Acutely After Spinal Cord Injury Attenuates Pro-Inflammatory Activity And Improves Long-Term Functional Recovery In Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qichao Wu ◽  
Wenkai Zhang ◽  
Shuo Yuan ◽  
Yanjun Zhang ◽  
Wenxiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract After spinal cord injury (SCI), emergency treatment intervention can minimize tissue damage, which is closely related to the recovery of long-term function. Here, we examined whether the administration of a single dose of riluzole (6 mg/kg) immediately after SCI was a critical window for the drug to exert its regulatory effect and limit long-term neurological deficits. The animals were sacrificed 1 day after administration for investigation of neuronal survival and a potential neuroinflammatory response, and sacrificed in the 6th week for assessment of neurological function. Riluzole applied in a single dose immediately post-SCI decreased the mRNA level of interleukin-1β at 6 h, reduced the destruction of neurons, and reduced the activation of microglia/macrophage M1 expression at day 1 post-SCI. Additionally, riluzole-treated rats showed higher expressions of interleukin-33 and its receptor ST2 in microglia/macrophages of the spinal cord than vehicle-treated rats, suggesting that this signaling pathway might be involved in microglia/macrophage-mediated inflammation. At 6 weeks, riluzole-treated rats exhibited higher motor function scores than vehicle-treated controls. In addition, riluzole-treated rats exhibited higher expression of GAP43 protein and shorter N1 peak latency and larger N1-P1 amplitude in motor-evoked potentials, compared to vehicle-treated rats. Together, these data suggested that early application of riluzole after SCI could be crucial for long-term functional recovery, so it may represent a promising therapeutic candidate within the critical therapeutic window for acute SCI.

Intrathecal baclofen for intractable spasticity of spinal origin: results of a long-term multicenter study

1993 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Coffey ◽  
David Cahill ◽  
William Steers ◽  
T. S. Park ◽  
Joe Ordia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Intrathecal Baclofen ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Postoperative Score ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Cord Injury

✓ A total of 93 patients with intractable spasticity due to either spinal cord injury (59 cases), multiple sclerosis (31 cases), or other spinal pathology (three cases) were entered into a randomized double-blind placebocontrolled screening protocol of intrathecal baclofen test injections. Of the 88 patients who responded to an intrathecal bolus of 50, 75, or 100 µg of baclofen, 75 underwent implantation of a programmable pump system for chronic therapy. Patients were followed for 5 to 41 months after surgery (mean 19 months). No deaths or new permanent neurological deficits occurred as a result of surgery or chronic intrathecal baclofen administration. Rigidity was reduced from a mean preoperative Ashworth scale score of 3.9 to a mean postoperative score of 1.7. Muscle spasms were reduced from a mean preoperative score of 3.1 (on a fourpoint scale) to a mean postoperative score of 1.0. Although the dose of intrathecal baclofen required to control spasticity increased with time, drug tolerance was not a limiting factor in this study. Only one patient withdrew from the study because of a late surgical complication (pump pocket infection). Another patient received an intrathecal baclofen overdose because of a human error in programming the pump. The results of this study indicate that intrathecal baclofen infusion can be safe and effective for the long-term treatment of intractable spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.

A single dose of thermal-sensitive biodegradable hybrid hydrogel promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoLing Li ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Lei Gu ◽  
YuTao Ren ◽  
Min Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Hybrid Hydrogel ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Serial Diffusion Tensor Imaging In Vivo Predicts Long-Term Functional Recovery and Histopathology in Rats following Different Severities of Spinal Cord Injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 917-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir P. Patel ◽  
Taylor D. Smith ◽  
Jenna L. VanRooyen ◽  
David Powell ◽  
David H. Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Effect of 4-aminopyridine and single-dose methylprednisolone on functional recovery after a chronic spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siavash S Haghighi ◽  
Adam Clapper ◽  
Gayle C Johnson ◽  
Amy Stevens ◽  
Arisa Prapaisilp
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Chronic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals A Long-Term Pilot Study on Sex and Spinal Cord Injury Shows Sexual Dimorphism in Functional Recovery and Cardio-Metabolic Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel B. Ghnenis ◽  
Daniel T. Burns ◽  
Wupu Osimanjiang ◽  
Guanglong He ◽  
Jared S. Bushman
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Beneficial “Pharmaceutical Pleiotropy” of Gabapentinoids in Spinal Cord Injury: A Case for Refining Standard-of-Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-689
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn J. Cragg ◽  
Catherine R. Jutzeler ◽  
Lukas Grassner ◽  
Matt Ramer ◽  
Frank Bradke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Blood Spinal Cord Barrier

Spinal cord injury results in devastating neurological deficits accompanied by lifelong disability and significant economic burden. While the development of novel compounds or cell-based interventions for spinal cord injury is unquestionably worthwhile, a complementary approach examines current standards of care and the degree to which these can be optimized to benefit long-term neurological function. Numerous classes of drugs, already in use in the acute phase of spinal cord injury, are intriguing because they (1) readily cross the blood-spinal cord barrier to modulate activity in the central nervous system and (2) are administered during a window of time in which neuroprotection, and even some repair, are feasible. Here, we review a rare case of convergent lines of evidence from both preclinical and human studies to support the early administration of a class of drug (ie, gabapentinoids) to both foster motor recovery and reduce the severity of neuropathic pain.

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