scholarly journals Universal Health Coverage Development in Thailand: How Global Ideas and a National Medical Professional Movement Made a Difference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rangsan Sukhampha
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health System Reform ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background: Universal health coverage is endorsed as the global development agenda in the 2015 SDGs for global achievement by 2030 and is expected to build national policymaking agendas. Common research often focuses on national processes in the first place. For example, accounts of Thailand's health system development mostly emphasise domestic factors and influences rather than the linkage of external/global health ideas. The paper questions how external/global health ideas influence national health policymaking and the linkage between them in achieving Thailand's universal health coverage policy.Methods: A qualitative method was employed to capture complex and historical narratives of the national medical professional movement for Thailand's health system reform through the lens of a global social policy approach for exploring external and global health ideas transfer. Moreover, the actor- and policy entrepreneur approaches would be employed to investigate national health policymaking and examine how ideas from the external and global levels have improved national equity in health. Results: The research locates the narratives on global ideas and practices that influence a national health system reform. This highlights the impact/role of global ideas on national professional movements, i.e. the rural doctor movement in Thailand mobilising the health system reform for all. The study found that national equity in health could not be achieved without external/global health ideas transfer. Such a case of national universal health coverage achievement in Thailand happened with the effort of the rural doctor movement and individual agency as policy entrepreneurs in translating external/global ideas and practices for their movement and mobilisation. The case contributed to a better understanding of the global process regarding ideas and practices that can be transferred directly and indirectly to the national level. Conclusions: Global ideas transfer can also happen in different aspects such as it can be seen the ideas transfer from developed to developed countries; from developed to developing countries. Besides, the author witnessed that the IOs ideas can also be transferred to developing countries or reverse, and again, between developing countries themselves.

Health-system reform and universal health coverage in Latin America

The Lancet ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 385 (9974) ◽  
pp. 1230-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifat Atun ◽  
Luiz Odorico Monteiro de Andrade ◽  
Gisele Almeida ◽  
Daniel Cotlear ◽  
T Dmytraczenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Health System ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health System Reform ◽  
Universal Health

scholarly journals Analyzing efforts to synergize the global health agenda of universal health coverage, health security and health promotion: a case-study from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Worku Tadesse ◽  
Kassu Ketema Gurmu ◽  
Selamawit Tesfaye Kebede ◽  
Mahlet Kifle Habtemariam
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
Health Agenda

Abstract Background Evidence exists about synergies among universal health coverage, health security and health promotion. Uniting these three global agendas has brought success to the country’s health sector. This study aimed to document the efforts Ethiopia has made to apply nationally synergistic approaches uniting these three global health agendas. Our study is part of the Lancet Commission on synergies between these global agendas. Methods We employed a case study design to describe the synergistic process in the Ethiopian health system based on a review of national strategies and policy documents, and key informant interviews with current and former policymakers, and academics. We analyzed the “hardware” (using the World Health Organization’s building blocks) and the “software” (ideas, interests, and power relations) of the Ethiopian health system according to the aforementioned three global agendas. Results Fragmentation of health system primarily manifested as inequities in access to health services, low health workforce and limited capacity to implementation guidelines. Donor driven vertical programs, multiple modalities of health financing, and inadequate multisectoral collaborations were also found to be key features of fragmentation. Several approaches were found to be instrumental in fostering synergies within the global health agenda. These included strong political and technical leadership within the government, transparent coordination, and engagement of stakeholders in the process of priority setting and annual resource mapping. Furthermore, harmonization and alignment of the national strategic plan with international commitments, joint financial arrangements with stakeholders and standing partnership platforms facilitated efforts for synergy. Conclusions Ethiopia has implemented multiple approaches to overcome fragmentation. Such synergistic efforts of the primary global health agendas have made significant contributions to the improvement of the country’s health indicators and may promote sustained functionality of the health system.

scholarly journals Healthcare System Functions in Iran and Successful Developing Countries Regarding Access to Universal Health Coverage: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fee For Service ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Universal Health

Background: Universal health coverage is considered a prerequisite for human health and security. Objectives: Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate and compare the healthcare system functions in Iran with those in successful developing countries in terms of universal health coverage (UHC). Methods: In this comparative study, three developing countries, namely Turkey, Thailand, and China were selected based on former studies, and the model presented by the World Health Organization in 2000 was used to compare and analyze the data. The required information from the selected countries was collected through searching the Pub Med and Scopus databases using the following keywords: “Health system review”, “Health system transition”, “International profiles of healthcare systems”, “Financing”, “Resource generation”, “Service provision”, “Universal health coverage”, and “Health system reform”. Results: The evaluation of the healthcare system’s function in four countries showed that the public sector’s share of total health expenditures was much higher than the private sector in both Thailand and Turkey. The issues that need to be addressed include the integration of insurance funds and risk accumulation, as well as the existence of a strong buyer organization. The comparison of the payment system in the studied countries indicated that the per capita method was used in all domains of primary care, and the inpatient diagnostic group (diagnosis-related group), fee for service, and salaries and rewards were more focused in the context of hospitalization. The majority of hospitals in the studied countries were state-owned; however, the important point was the presence of different non-university public hospitals in these countries, compared to Iran. Conclusion: In general, one way to reach the UHC is to utilize the experiences of successful countries in establishing and maintaining this issue.

scholarly journals De la salud pública a la Cobertura Universal de Salud: el caso argentino / From public health to Universal Health Coverage: the Argentinian case

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Pablo Sebastián Cejas Romanelli
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
National Health System ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Universal Health

La salud pública es un concepto dinámico que obligó a los operadores sanitarios a pensar en estrategias de promoción y protección de la salud humana. Con el paso del tiempo, dicho concepto evolucionó hacia el de salud internacional, y este último, al de salud global en un contexto de globalización. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) se perfiló como el ente destinado a instrumentar las políticas de salud global. En tal sentido la Cobertura Universal de Salud surgió como el resultado de la política de dicha organización que no estuvo exenta de presiones y controles de organismos no estatales. La República Argentina incorporó al sistema de salud nacional, la Cobertura Universal de Salud que, tal como se verificó en la normativa internacional que le dio nacimiento, la prioridad está puesta en la salud financiera del sistema sanitario antes que en el derecho a la salud. Public health is a dynamic concept that forced healthcare operators to think about strategies for the promotion and protection of human health. With the passage of time, this concept evolved towards international health, and the latter, to global health in a context of globalization. The World Health Organization (WHO) emerged as the entity destined to implement global health policies. In this regard, the Universal Health Coverage emerged as the result of the policy of this organization that was not exempt from pressures and controls by non-state organizations. The Argentine Republic incorporated into the national health system, the Universal Health Coverage that, as verified in the international regulations that gave birth to it, the priority is placed on the financial health of the health system rather than on the right to health.

scholarly journals An Analysis of The National Health Insurance Policy Implementation in 2014 (Presidential Regulation No. 12 And 111/2013 on Health Insurance) from The Regulator’s Position

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arief Hasan ◽  
Puput Oktamianti ◽  
Dumilah Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract. JKN (National Health Insurance) is a government program that aims to provide health assurance for all Indonesian citizens for a healthy, productive, and prosperous life. In the two years after JKN was implemented, various problems occurred. This research used the qualitative approach with the Edward II implementation theory. Results of the research indicated that there were problems in communication, stemming from the lack of socialization and inharmonic regulations, there was also the problem of the lack of healthcare resources. From the disposition side, the policy makers often obstructs the implementation preparation, this is evident from the information on determining the premium size. From the organization structure, all the stakeholders have been well coordinated. We conclude that we are not ready to implement the JKN. We recommend that mass and effective socialization program to be performed using various methods of communication and involve the community. To reduce the disparity of healthcare services, we recommend that the regional government to establish various healthcare facilities to accelerate health development. There should also be regulations that allocates healthcare staff in every corner of the country to achieve Universal Health Coverage in 2019, as stated in the National Health Insurance Road Map. Keywords: policy analysis, national health insurance, universal health coverage

scholarly journals The Legal Determinants of Health: How Can We Achieve Universal Health Coverage and What Does it Mean?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Gostin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Right ◽  
Universal Health

How can we keep people – wherever they live – healthy and safe? Among all global health initiatives, universal health coverage (UHC) has garnered most political attention. But can UHC (as important as it is) actually achieve the two fundamental aspirations of the right to health: keeping people healthy and safe, while leaving no one behind? There is a universal longing for health and security, but also a deep-seated belief in fairness and equity. Can UHC achieve both health and equity, or what I have called, "global health with justice?" What makes a population healthy and safe? Certainly, universal and affordable access to healthcare is essential, including clinical prevention, treatment, and essential medicines. But beyond medical care are public health services, including surveillance, clean air, potable water, sanitation, vector control, and tobacco control. The final and most important factor in good health are social determinants, including housing, employment, education, and equity. If we can provide everyone with these three essential conditions for good health (healthcare, public health and social determinants), it would vastly improve global health. But we also need to take measures to leave no one behind. To achieve equity, we need to plan for it, and here I propose national health equity programs of action. Society’s highest obligation is to achieve global health, with justice.

scholarly journals Future Challenges of Nursing in Health System of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Barasteh ◽  
Maryam Rassouli ◽  
Mohammad Reza Karimirad ◽  
Abbas Ebadi
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Health System ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Universal Health

Purpose: Nursing development is considered as one of the most important ways to achieve the universal health coverage and sustainable development goals in different countries. Nursing in Iran has the potential to provide services at all levels of universal health coverage. Therefore, planning for nursing in Iran needs to recognize the future challenges. This study aims to explore the future challenges of nursing in the health system of Iran from the perspective of nursing experts.Methods: In this qualitative study, 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with nursing experts by purposive sampling in 2017–2018. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and framework analysis method was used to analysis the data.Results: The results showed that a favorable future requires planning in three areas of nursing “governance challenges” including centralized nursing stewardship, policy-making and legislation, monitoring and evaluation, and cooperation and communication with other institutions, “inadequacy of professional development with social demands” including community-based nursing, nursing upgrades with disease patterns, expanding home care, expanding care centers, and use of technology, “human resource challenges “including nursing education tailored to the needs of the community, empowering nursing managers, recruiting and retaining nurses, and specialized nursing.Conclusions: A favorable future requires a coherent nursing government, professional development of nursing based on social demands, and enhancing human resources in line with the emerging needs of the future.

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