scholarly journals Evaluation of Correlation between the Cross-sectional Area of Posterior Cervical Extensor Muscles and Cervical Sagittal Alignment in Patients with Hirayama Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Tian ◽  
Lin Xie ◽  
Jianyuan Jang ◽  
Hongli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cobb Angle ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hirayama Disease ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Cervical Sagittal Alignment

Abstract Purpose: To assess correlation between the cross-sectional area (CSA) of posterior cervical extensor muscles (PCEMs) and the cervical sagittal alignment in Hirayama disease (HD) patients.Methods: We analyzed the MRI (Magnetic resonance imagine) T2WI and X-rays of 60 male HD patients who visited our hospital from June 2017 to February 2020. Their mean age was 18.95±1.67 years (range 16-22 years). MRI image is used to measure the CSA of cervical PCEMs. The ratio of muscle CSA to vertebral body areas (VBA) at the same level is defined as R-CSA. Cervical sagittal alignment includes C2-7 cobb angle, T1 slope, and C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA). The geometric center of the C3-6 vertebral body was determined using the line connecting the C2 inferior endplate and the C7 upper endplate. When located behind the line, it is defined as a “Local kyphotic deformity” (LKD). The number of vertebral bodies involved in kyphotic deformity was determined by Local kyphosis angle (LKA) measured. Spearman correlation analysis (α=0.05) was used to determine the relationship between R-CSA and sagittal parameters. Results: Spearman correlation test revealed that R-CSA negatively correlated with T1S (S=0.34, p=0.01) and LKA (S=0.44, p=0.01) but did not correlated with C2-C7 cobb angle (S= 0.20, p=0.12) or C2-C7 SVA (S=-0.17, p=0.46). (p＜0.05)Conclusions: In Hirayama disease, the CSA of PCEMs is related to T1s and LKA and exercising the PCEMs should be given enough attention.

scholarly journals Why the patients with Hirayama disease have abnormal cervical sagittal alignment? A radiological measurement analysis of posterior cervical extensors

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Tian ◽  
Lin Xie ◽  
Jianyuan Jiang ◽  
Hongli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cobb Angle ◽  
Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Kyphosis Angle ◽  
Hirayama Disease ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
T1 Slope ◽  
Cervical Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Local Kyphosis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose To explore the relationship between the strength of posterior cervical extensors (PCEs) and cervical sagittal alignment in Hirayama disease (HD) patients. Methods We analyzed the (magnetic resonance imaging) MRI T2WI and X-rays of 60 HD patients who visited Huashan Hospital from June 2017 to February 2020. Symptoms of these patients include adolescent onset, manifestation of unilateral upper limb muscle weakness and muscle atrophy of the forearm and hand. MRI images were used to measure (the cross-sectional area) CSA of cervical PCEs. The ratio of muscle CSA to vertebral body areas at the same level is defined as R-CSA. Cervical sagittal alignment includes the C2–7 Cobb angle, T1 slope and C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA). The geometric center of the C3–6 vertebral body was determined using the line connecting the C2 inferior endplate and the C7 upper endplate. When located behind the line, it is defined as a “local kyphotic deformity.” The number of vertebral bodies involved in kyphotic deformity was determined by measuring the local kyphosis angle (LKA). Spearman correlation analysis (α = 0.05) was used to determine the relationship between R-CSA and sagittal parameters. ROC curves were used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of relevant variables. Results Spearman correlation test revealed that R-CSA negatively correlated with T1S (S = 0.34, r = 0.34, p = 0.01) and LKA (S = 0.44, r = 0.5, p = 0.01), but did not correlate with the C2-C7 Cobb angle (S = 0.20, p = 0.12) or C2-C7 SVA (S =  − 0.17, p = 0.46). (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve (AUCs) of the T1 slope and LKA was 0.6696 and 0.7646, respectively. T1 slope, cutoff value: 17.2°; sensitivity: 0.5806; specificity: 0.7241; p < 0.05. LKA: cutoff value: − 14°; sensitivity: 1; specificity: 0.5333; p < 0.05. Conclusions In patients with Hirayama disease, the strength of posterior cervical extensors and cervical sagittal alignment are closely related. The local kyphosis angle can be used as a reference for the strength of posterior cervical extensors. These results indicate the weakness of PCEs, which may predispose the cervical spine of HD patients to a less stable situation. Therefore, patients with Hirayama disease should strengthen the exercise of the PCEs.

The Preoperative Cross-sectional Area of the Deep Cervical Extensor Muscles Does Not Predict Loss of Lordosis After Cervical Laminoplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Liu ◽  
Rong Xie ◽  
Huibing Ruan ◽  
Joshua Rivera ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Cervical Laminoplasty ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extensor Muscles

Cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of shoulder and elbow tendons in adult German Shepherd dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Loprete ◽  
V. Musella ◽  
D. Britti ◽  
J. M. Vilar ◽  
G. Spinella
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris ◽  
Triceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Distal Tendon

SummaryThe aim of this study was to describe the cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of the main tendons of the shoulder and elbow joints in adult German Shepherd dogs and to determine the effects of sex, weight, and age on these parameters. No previous publications in the veterinary literature have reported information regarding quantitative ultrasonographic tendon measurements in dogs.Thirty German Shepherd dogs were examined: 13 males and 17 females. The cross-sectional area was significantly higher in males than in females (p <0.05) for the distal tendon of the triceps brachii muscle and the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris and common digital extensor muscles. The influence of sex on mean echogenicity was not significant. According to age, mean echogenicity was higher in older dogs, while the cross-sectional areas were similar in the two groups. Cross-sectional area and mean echogenicity of the tendons showed a direct increase with an increase in body weight. The data gained from this study can help support the clinician to discriminate between normal and pathological conditions.

Comparison of the isometric cervical extension strength and a cross-sectional area of neck extensor muscles in college wrestlers and judo athletes

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoru Tsuyama ◽  
Yosuke Yamamoto ◽  
Hideo Fujimoto ◽  
Takumi Adachi ◽  
Koichi Nakazato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Judo Athletes

Cross-sectional area of the posterior extensor muscles of the cervical spine in whiplash injury patients versus healthy volunteers – 10year follow-up MR study

Injury ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 912-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morio Matsumoto ◽  
Daisuke Ichihara ◽  
Eijiro Okada ◽  
Kazuhiro Chiba ◽  
Yoshiaki Toyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Whiplash Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Mr Study

scholarly journals Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis of the Cervical Spine Extensor Muscles: Intrarater and Interrater Reliability of a Novice and an Experienced Rater

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryse Fortin ◽  
Octavian Dobrescu ◽  
Peter Jarzem ◽  
Jean Ouellet ◽  
Michael H. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cervical Muscle ◽  
Extensor Muscles

<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>Reliability study.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>To examine the reliability of novice and experienced raters for measurements of the size and composition of the cervical extensor muscles using a thresholding technique.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>Although some authors have reported on the dependability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of the cervical muscles, there remains some variability regarding intrarater and interrater reliabilities, and few studies have examined the associated measurement error. Whether the rater's experience noticeably influences the reliability and precision of such measurements has also not been examined.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A sample of 10 patients with cervical pathologies was selected. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), functional cross-sectional area (FCSA), and signal intensity of the cervical extensor muscles were acquired from axial T2-weighted MRIs by a novice and an experienced rater. All measurements were obtained twice, at least 5 days apart, while the raters were blinded to all earlier measurements.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Interrater reliability estimates (intraclass correlation coefficients) varied between 0.84 and 0.99 for the novice rater and between 0.94 and 0.99 for the experienced rater, indicating excellent reliability. The standard error of measurement for the novice rater was, however, noticeably higher for all cervical muscle measurements. Most of the interrater estimates showed excellent agreement with the exception of CSA measurement of the semispinalis cervicis at C4–C7 and FCSA measurement of the multifidus and semispinalis cervicis at C4–C7, which showed poor interrater reliability.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The proposed method of investigating cervical muscle measurements was highly reliable; however, novice raters should receive adequate training before using this method for diagnostic, research, and clinical purposes.</p></sec>

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Ultrasound-Based Muscle Size and Mechanical Properties of the Cervical-Flexor and -Extensor Muscles

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nagai ◽  
Nathan D. Schilaty ◽  
David A. Krause ◽  
Eric M. Crowley ◽  
Timothy E. Hewett
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Longus Colli

Context Neck pain (NP), neck injuries, and concussions are more prevalent in female athletes than in their male counterparts. Females exhibit less neck girth, strength, and stiffness against a perturbation. As part of the clinical examination for individuals with NP, ultrasound (US)–based imaging of the cervical muscles has become common. Muscle size or thickness and stiffness can be measured with US-based B-mode and shear-wave elastography (SWE), respectively. Information on reliability, normative values, and sex differences based on US-based muscle size or thickness and stiffness in young and athletic individuals is limited. Objective To evaluate sex differences in US-based muscle size or thickness and biomechanical properties of the cervical-flexor and -extensor muscles. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants A total of 13 women (age = 23.7 ± 1.9 years, height = 167.1 ± 6.1 cm, mass = 63.8 ± 5.6 kg) and 11 men (age = 25.6 ± 4.9 years, height = 178.7 ± 8.3 cm, mass = 78.9 ± 12.0 kg). Main Outcome Measure(s) The same examiner collected all measures, using US B-mode to scan the cross-sectional area and thickness of the longus colli (LC), sternocleidomastoid (SCM), cervical-extensor muscles, and upper trapezius (UT) muscle. The US SWE-mode was used to measure the stiffness of the SCM and UT. Independent t tests or Mann-Whitney U tests were calculated to determine sex differences. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) measured intrarater test-retest reliability. Results Men had thicker SCMs than women (P = .01). No sex differences were present for longus colli cross-sectional area, cervical-extensor muscle thickness, or UT thickness (P &gt; .05). In addition, no sex differences were evident for SCM (P = .302) or UT (P = .703) SWE stiffness. Reliability was good to excellent (ICC = 0.715–0.890) except for SCM SWE stiffness (ICC = 0.554). Conclusions The only sex difference was in SCM thickness. However, smaller SCMs in women did not result in less SCM SWE stiffness. We provided normative values for US-based imaging of the cervical-flexor and -extensor muscles in young and athletic men and women.

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