scholarly journals Intrasellar Arachnoid Cyst, a Rare Radiological Finding: Report of a Case.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Augusto Ortega Rodriguez ◽  
José Luís Caro Cardera ◽  
Jordi de Manuel-Rimbau Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Arachnoid Membrane ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Sellar Lesions ◽  
Plausible Theory

Abstract Intrasellar arachnoid cysts are uncommon radiological findings, generally incidental and clinically silent. We present the case of 70 year-old female who was treated of meningitis due to cerebrospinal fluid nasal fistulae. She was diagnosed of intrasellar arachnoid cyst and managed conservatively because no neurologic, hormonal, symptomatic either CSF fistulae appeared during follow-up. The origin of intrasellar arachnoid cysts is unclear; although an incomplete diaphragma sellae through basal arachnoid membrane herniates may be a plausible theory. Conservative treatment is the usual option, but if hormonal, visual or intracranial hypertension symptoms appeared, surgery may be the best therapy. This entity should be in the differential diagnosis of cystic sellar lesions with other benign cysts and tumors as craniopharyngioma.

Hemorrhage into an intradiploic arachnoid cyst

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Mahade Hande ◽  
Anil Pandurang Karapurkar
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Arachnoid Membrane ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Intradiploic Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Extradural Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Intracranial arachnoid cysts are relatively rare; it is believed that they account for only 1% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions. When they occur in the intracranial cavity, they usually develop in relation to an arachnoid cistern as a pocket of cerebrospinal fluid within two layers of arachnoid membrane. Five cases of intradiploic arachnoid cysts have been reported, but an arachnoid cyst presenting as an extradural mass has not been described before. The authors present an unusual case of hemorrhage into a massive intracranial extradural arachnoid cyst with no intradural communication.

A sacral arachnoid cyst causing holocord syringomyelia

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Thakar ◽  
Narayanam Anantha Sai Kiran ◽  
Alangar S. Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Filum Terminale ◽  
Sensory Deficits

Spinal extradural arachnoid cysts (ACs) have an infrequent predilection for the sacrum. As with their counterparts in other regions of the spine, cysts in this location are mostly asymptomatic. Common presentations in symptomatic cases include pain in the low back or perineum, radiculopathy, and sphincteric dysfunction. The authors report a hitherto undescribed presentation in which the predominant symptoms are those related to an associated holocord syrinx. This 15-year-old boy presented with fluctuating, spastic paraparesis and a dissociated sensory loss in the trunk. Admission MR imaging of the spine showed an extradural AC from S-2 to S-4 and a holocord, nonenhancing syrinx. The patient underwent S-2 laminectomy, fenestration of the cyst, and partial excision of its wall. Intradural exploration revealed a normal-looking filum terminale and the absence of any dural communication with the cyst. At a follow-up visit 6 months after surgery, his motor and sensory deficits had resolved. Follow-up MR imaging showed complete resolution of the syrinx in the absence of the sacral AC. This is the first report of a sacral extradural AC causing holocord syringomyelia. Because conventional theories of syrinx formation were not helpful in elucidating this case, a hypothesis is postulated to explain the clinicoradiological oddity.

Cyst-ventricle stent as primary or salvage treatment for posterior fossa arachnoid cysts

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Fulkerson ◽  
Todd D. Vogel ◽  
Abdul A. Baker ◽  
Neal B. Patel ◽  
Laurie L. Ackerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Salvage Procedure ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Posterior Fossa Cyst

Object The optimal treatment of symptomatic posterior fossa arachnoid cysts is controversial. Current options include open or endoscopic resection, fenestration, or cyst-peritoneal shunt placement. There are potential drawbacks with all options. Previous authors have described stenting a cyst into the ventricular system for supratentorial lesions. The current authors have used a similar strategy for posterior fossa cysts. Methods The authors performed a retrospective review of 79 consecutive patients (1993–2010) with surgically treated intracranial arachnoid cysts. Results The authors identified 3 patients who underwent placement of a stent from a posterior fossa arachnoid cyst to a supratentorial ventricle. In 2 patients the stent construct consisted of a catheter placed into a posterior fossa arachnoid cyst and connecting to a lateral ventricle catheter. Both patients underwent stent placement as a salvage procedure after failure of open surgical fenestration. In the third patient a single-catheter cyst-ventricle stent was stereotactically placed. All 3 patients improved clinically. Two patients remained asymptomatic, with radiographic stability in a follow-up period of 1 and 5 years, respectively. The third patient experienced initial symptom resolution with a demonstrable reduction of intracystic pressure. However, he developed recurrent headaches after 2 years. Conclusions Posterior fossa cyst–ventricle stenting offers the benefits of ease of surgical technique and a low morbidity rate. It may also potentially reduce the incidence of shunt-related headaches by equalizing the pressure between the posterior fossa and the supratentorial compartments. While fenestration is considered the first-line therapy for most symptomatic arachnoid cysts, the authors consider cyst-ventricle stenting to be a valuable additional strategy in treating these rare and often difficult lesions.

scholarly journals Arachnoid cysts do not contain cerebrospinal fluid: A comparative chemical analysis of arachnoid cyst fluid and cerebrospinal fluid in adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Berle ◽  
Knut G Wester ◽  
Rune J Ulvik ◽  
Ann C Kroksveen ◽  
Øystein A Haaland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Cyst Fluid ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts

scholarly journals Cerebellar vermis hypoplasia - non progressive congenital ataxia: clinical and radiological findings in a pair of siblings

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (3B) ◽  
pp. 897-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISAC BRUCK ◽  
SÉRGIO A. ANTONIUK ◽  
ARNOLFO DE CARVALHO NETO ◽  
ADRIANE SPESSATTO
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Correct Answer ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Cerebellar Atrophy ◽  
Cerebellar Vermis ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Motor Delay ◽  
Familial Cases ◽  
Motor Abnormalities

We describe the clinical and radiological findings of a pair of siblings with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and compare them with the literature. Both of them present pregnancies and deliveries uneventful and both presented some grade of hypotonia, ataxia, ocular motor abnormalities and mild motor delay and slurred speech. These siblings meet many of the criteria described in non-progressive congenital ataxia in which can occur familial cases with cerebellar atrophy, including vermis hypoplasia. As differential diagnosis we compare them with related syndromes and with Joubert's syndrome which main radiological finding on MRI is vermis hypoplasia associated with "molar tooth" appearance. The correct answer for these cases will only be possible by molecular genetics.

Syringomyelia associated with intradural arachnoid cysts

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Langston T. Holly ◽  
Ulrich Batzdorf
Keyword(s):  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Tethered Cord ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Cavity Size ◽  
Neurological Improvement ◽  
Arm Pain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intradural Arachnoid Cysts

Object Intradural arachnoid cysts are relatively uncommon pouches of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) found within the subarachnoid space. The authors present a series of eight symptomatic patients in whom syrinx cavities were associated with arachnoid cysts, and they discuss treatment strategies for this entity. Methods The population comprised eight men whose mean age was 50 years (range 35–81 years). All patients experienced gait difficulty, and it was the chief complaint in seven; arm pain was the primary complaint in one. No patient had a history of spinal trauma, meningitis, or previous spinal surgery at the level of the syrinx cavity or arachnoid cyst. In each patient imaging revealed a syrinx cavity affecting two to 10 vertebral levels. Posterior thoracic arachnoid cysts were found in proximity to the syrinx cavity in each case. There was no evidence of cavity enhancement, Chiari malformation, tethered cord, or hydrocephalus. All patients underwent thoracic laminectomy and resection of the arachnoid cyst wall, and postoperative neurological improvement was documented in each case. The mean follow-up duration was 19 months (range 4–37 months). Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the disappearance of the arachnoid cyst and a significant decrease in syrinx cavity size in each patient. Conclusions Spinal arachnoid cysts can be associated with syringomyelia, likely due to alterations in normal CSF dynamics. In symptomatic patients these cysts should be resected and the normal CSF flow restored. The results of the present series indicate that neurological improvement and reduction in syrinx cavity size can be achieved in patients with syringomyelia associated with intradural arachnoid cysts.

scholarly journals Intramedullary Arachnoid Cyst of the Cervical Spine: Case Report and Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 256-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Baeesa ◽  
Abdalrahman Aljameely
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Clinical And Radiological Results

AbstractIntramedullary arachnoid cysts of the spinal cord are extremely rare benign lesions of unclear pathogenesis. To our knowledge, only 21 cases were reported in the literature, 10 of which involved the cervical spine. We report the case of a 47-year-old female who presented with a symptomatic spinal intramedullary arachnoid cyst (SIAC). Magnetic resonance imaging scan of the cervical spine demonstrated an intramedullary arachnoid cyst at C3-C5 level. The patient had a cervical laminectomy and cysto-subarachnoid shunt with rapid and excellent clinical recovery and no recurrence at 2-year follow-up.Intramedullary arachnoid cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intramedullary cystic lesions of the spinal cord. Their pathogenesis and natural history are not well defined in the literature. However, a cysto-subarachnoid shunt can be performed with excellent long-term clinical and radiological results.

Microsurgical Keyhole Approach for Middle Fossa Arachnoid Cyst Fenestration

Neurosurgery ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1138-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Levy ◽  
Michael Wang ◽  
Henry E. Aryan ◽  
Kevin Yoo ◽  
Hal Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Middle Fossa ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Cyst Size ◽  
Serial Imaging ◽  
Keyhole Approach ◽  
Cyst Fenestration

Abstract OBJECTIVE The optimal surgical treatment for symptomatic temporal arachnoid cysts is controversial. Therapeutic options include cyst shunting, endoscopic fenestration, and craniotomy for fenestration. We reviewed the results for patients who were treated primarily with craniotomy and fenestration at our institution, to provide a baseline for comparisons of the efficacies of other treatment modalities. METHODS A retrospective review of data for 50 children who underwent keyhole craniotomy for fenestration of temporal arachnoid cysts between 1994 and 2001 was performed after institutional review board approval. During that period, the first-line treatment for all symptomatic middle fossa arachnoid cysts was microcraniotomy for fenestration. Microsurgical dissection to create communications between the cyst cavity and basal cisterns was the goal. All patient records were reviewed and numerous variables related to presentation, cyst size and classification, treatment, cyst resolution, symptom resolution, follow-up periods, and cyst outcomes were recorded. RESULTS Fifty temporal arachnoid cysts in 50 treated patients were identified. The average age at the time of surgery was 68 ± 57.2 months. The follow-up periods averaged 36 months. There were 34 male and 16 female patients in the series. Twenty-six cysts were on the left side. Indications for surgery included intractable headaches (45%), increasing cyst size (21%), seizures (25%), and hemiparesis (8%). The symptoms most likely to improve were hemiparesis (100%) and abducens nerve palsies. Headaches (67%) and seizure disorders (50%) were less likely to improve. Nine patients exhibited progressive increases in cyst size in serial imaging studies. Those patients were monitored for a mean of 40 ± 23 months before intervention. In the entire series, 82% of patients demonstrated decreases in cyst size in serial imaging studies. Of those patients, 18% demonstrated complete cyst effacement. Overall, 83% of patients with Grade II cysts and 75% of patients with Grade III cysts exhibited evidence of decreases in cyst size in long-term monitoring. Two patients required shunting after craniotomy (4%). Hospital stays averaged 3.4 days. Total surgical times averaged 115 minutes. No significant blood loss occurred (5–50 ml). Complications included spontaneously resolving pseudomeningocele (10%), transient Cranial Nerve III palsy (6%), cerebrospinal fluid leak (6%), subdural hematoma (4%), and wound infection (2%). CONCLUSION A microsurgical keyhole approach to arachnoid cyst fenestration is a safe effective method for treating middle fossa cysts. This procedure can be performed with minimal morbidity via a minicraniotomy. Compared with an endoscopic approach, better control of hemostasis can be obtained, because of the ability to use bipolar forceps and other standard instruments. The operative time and length of hospital stay were not excessively increased.

scholarly journals Paraliticka dislokacija kuka kod cerebralne paralize - hirursko lecenje mekotkivnim postupcima

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Goran Cobeljic ◽  
Zoran Bajin ◽  
S. Milickovic ◽  
Aleksandar Lesic ◽  
O. Krajcinovic
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Knee Contracture ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dislocation Of The Hip ◽  
Knee Flexors

Results of a combination of soft tissue procedures performed for the first time in treating paralytic dislocation of the hip in cerebral palsy are presented. All hip flexors and adductors release, along with possible transposition or elongation of knee flexors on the side of the dislocation (if knee contracture exceeded 20) were performed. 75 hips in 57 patients were operated on. 54 patients were analyzed. The average age of the patients was 6.6 years, the average follow-up was 7 years. Excellent result was achieved in 33patients (61%), good in 10 (18,6%), fair in 4 (7,4%) poor in 7 patients (13%). Poor results were registered in patients over 10 years of age and in patients with athetosis. Results were assessed according to clinical finding, radiological finding (migrational percentage) and the ability of patients to walk. When based on radiological findings only, excellent results were achieved in 63 hips (84%). This combination of soft-tissue procedures which includes all muscles that take part in the dislocation proved to be very successful in achieving reposition. It can be recommended to patients suffering from the spastic form of cerebral palsy up to 10 years of age.

Endoscopic Treatment of a Fourth Ventricle Arachnoid Cyst via the Third Ventricle: A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. E374-E378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Martinoni ◽  
Francesco Toni ◽  
Mariella Lefosse ◽  
Eugenio Pozzati ◽  
Anna Federica Marliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Arachnoid Cysts ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
The Third ◽  
Neurosurgical Treatment ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Dynamic

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Arachnoid cysts within the fourth ventricle have rarely been reported in the literature. Different procedures have been performed to restore a normal cerebrospinal fluid dynamic or pressure, including shunting and partial or complete excision of the cyst by open microsurgery. Cerebrospinal fluid shunts give only partial improvement of symptoms and are prone to malfunctions. The microsurgical excision of the cyst seems to offer the best chance of success. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report the case of a fourth ventricle arachnoid cyst successfully treated with a complete endoscopic cerebral procedure via the third ventricle. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic fenestration of fourth ventricle arachnoid cysts may be considered an effective neurosurgical treatment.

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