scholarly journals Role of temperature, seedling-age and soil moisture on collar rot disease in lentil caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and identification of resistance sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Roy ◽  
Camellia Das ◽  
Diana Sagolsem ◽  
Dhriti Ghose ◽  
Sumit K Murmu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Seedling Age ◽  
Successful Infection ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Abstract Collar rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii attacks lentils at the seedling stage and reduces plant population considerably in the field. Although soil moisture and temperature influence disease development much, no concrete attempts to find the optimum level of moisture, temperature, and seedling age have been made in lentils. Here, we identified optimum soil moisture, temperature, and seedling age that allow successful infection by S. rolfsii and maximum seedling mortality in a controlled environment inside a plant growth chamber. Screening of one hundred and ninety genotypes for two consecutive years in the field identified some resistant genotypes. Ten genotypes were selected from earlier screening and further evaluated in sick plots at two different locations with different pH for three consecutive years. About 80% variation in disease resistance was due to genotypes, and minor infection of collar rot disease was observed in acidic lateritic soil than in neutral alluvial soil. Furthermore, low mycelial load in a selected resistant genotype was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR using an S. rolfsii specific primer pair. The identified resistant genotypes will be helpful to breeding collar rot resistant cultivars and mapping disease resistance. In addition, the study improves the understanding of the development of collar rot disease, which is critical for expanding the area under cultivation in Asia, especially in rice fallows.

Management of collar rot disease in chickpea by Trichoderma species

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PREM PANDEY ◽  
G. C. SAGAR ◽  
SUNDARMAN SHRESTHA2 ◽  
HIRAKAJI MANANDHAR ◽  
RITESH K. YADAV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

Nine isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from different agro- ecological regions of Nepal viz; Jumla, Palpa, Chitwan, Tarahara, Banke, Illam and Salyan and screened against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Adreded soil borne phytopathogen causing collar rot of chickpea in chickpea; In-vitro efficacy of nine fungal antagonist (Trichoderma spp.) against Sclerotium rolfsii were screened. Pot experiment was done to find out the effective management of S. rolfsi through Tricoderma using different methods i.e. Seed treatment, soil drenching and soil application. All the tested isolates of Trichoderma spp. were found effective on mycelial growth inhibition and sclerotial parasitization of S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolated from Palpa district showed maximum growth inhibition (%) of pathogen periodically after 48(93.78%), 72(96.00%), 96(97.96%) and 120(100.00%) hours of inoculation. Parasitized sclerotium showed minimum sclerotial germination on agar plates. Moreover, Trichoderma species isolated from Palpa districts showed second best percent mycelial growth inhibition periodically at 72(25.00%), 120(29.16%), 168(29.16%) and 216(29.16%).In pot experiment at 40 days after sowing, Seedling height was maximum in soil drenching with 30g per 100ml of water (22.27cm) and Mortality percentage of seedlings was least or highest disease control was observed in seed treated with 109cfu/ml (0.000%).

scholarly journals Exploring Combined Effect of Abiotic (Soil Moisture) and Biotic (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) Stress on Collar Rot Development in Chickpea

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avijit Tarafdar ◽  
T. Swaroopa Rani ◽  
U. S. Sharath Chandran ◽  
Raju Ghosh ◽  
Devashish R. Chobe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Collar Rot

scholarly journals Use of Trichoderma in Biological Control of Collar Rot of Soybean and Chickpea

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Mahbuba Kaniz Hasna ◽  
Md. Abul Kashem ◽  
Farid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

An in vitro and field experiments for two consecutive years were conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, aiming to investigate the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum against Sclerotium rolfsii causing collar rot disease of soybean and chickpea. In in vitro the antagonistic activity of T. harzianum against S. rolfsii was observed through dual culture. In field experiment Trichoderma was applied as soil treatment and seed treatment. The percent inhibition of S. rolfsii induced by T. harzianum was found upto 78.9% in in vitro. The maximum reduction of collar rot disease incidence over control was 82.4% in soybean and 77.6% in chickpea which was recorded in the plot where T. harzianum was applied in the soil. The highest seed germination: 86.3% in soybean and 84.8% in chickpea, maximum fresh shoot weight: 94.5 g plant-1 in soybean, 62.5 g plant-1 in chickpea, maximum fresh root weight: 10.7 g plant-1 in soybean, 9.3 g plant-1 in chickpea and the highest yield: 2830 kg ha-1 in soybean, 1836 kg ha-1 in chickpea were obtained by the application of Trichoderma in soil. The study indicated that the tested isolate of T. harzianum had potential in controlling collar rot disease of soybean and chickpea. For the reduction of collar rot incidence application of T. harzianum in soil was found more effective than seed treatment. 

Development of Stem Rot (Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii) in Peanut in Alabama

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Southern Blight ◽  
Cumulative Stress ◽  
Disease Progress ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Stem rot, or southern blight, caused by the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, is an important disease of peanut in the southeastern U.S. Incidence and apparent onset of stem rot varies from year to year depending on planting date, weather conditions, and other factors. In order to more fully understand the effects of weather on stem rot, disease progress was evaluated through the 1995, 1996, and 1997 cropping seasons. Evidence of S. rolfsii was observed on peanut roots and crowns as early as 20 d after planting (DAP), which was 1 to several wk before stem rot lesions or plant wilt were observed. Disease measures tended to be lower in 1997 than in preceding years even though more rainfall and more consistent soil moisture were noted in 1997. Soil moisture was frequently in excess of field capacity from rainfall and may have contributed to suppressing stem rot development in 1997, perhaps by limiting oxygen availability. In 1995 and 1996, rainfall patterns were more normal and irrigation contributed to greater stem rot incidence. However, low moisture, specifically 7 d with < 1.8 cm rain, was associated with increases in numbers of dead plants, perhaps due to cumulative stress from disease and lack of moisture. Areas under disease progress curves for stem rot tended to be greater for early plantings compared to late plantings. However, by ca. 118 DAP, early plantings did not consistently have a greater incidence of dead plants, probably due to environmental conditions immediately preceding that date.

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