scholarly journals Orthorexia Nervosa: When Healthy Eating Becomes Unhealthy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audryn Andreoli ◽  
Patrick J. Aragon ◽  
Demara B. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Eating Disorder Treatment ◽  
Disorder Treatment

Abstract Purpose Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) is a recently proposed eating disorder that has gained growing acknowledgment. However, there exists a significant gap in the literature regarding ON. Additionally, the lack of formal criteria for the diagnosis of ON has led to a debate regarding whether it is a standalone diagnosis or part of another condition, including other eating disorders. This debate is further fueled by shared characteristics and consequences between ON and other disorders, namely Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN). Moreover, ON has been recognized as highly prevalent in individuals’ post-treatment for AN and BN. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether eating disorder history predicts greater severity of ON symptomology. Additionally, we aimed to determine whether sex, racial, and age group differences exist in severity of ON symptomology.Method The Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ) was administered to 535 individuals along with questions regarding previous eating disorder history and demographic variables. Results Analysis confirmed that individuals previously diagnosed with an eating disorder and those who previously received eating disorder treatment demonstrated higher ON symptomology severity. Minimal-to-no group differences among sex, race, and age in EHQ scores, except for Caucasian/White individuals scoring higher than Asian/Asian American individuals, were revealed.Conclusion ON is highly prevalent among individuals previously diagnosed with an eating disorder and those who previously received eating disorder related treatment. Little to no age, sex, and racial differences were demonstrated in ON symptomology. Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies

Cost-utility analysis of eating disorder treatment

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pohjolainen ◽  
P. Rasanen ◽  
R. P. Roine ◽  
H. Sintonen ◽  
K. Wahlbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Cost Utility Analysis ◽  
Utility Analysis ◽  
Eating Disorder Treatment ◽  
Disorder Treatment

Evidence that a novel transdiagnostic eating disorder treatment reduces reward region response to the thin beauty ideal and high-calorie binge foods

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Eric Stice ◽  
Sonja Yokum ◽  
Paul Rohde ◽  
Jeff Gau ◽  
Heather Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Eating Disorder Treatment ◽  
Disorder Treatment ◽  
Reward Valuation ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
High Calorie

Abstract Background Findings from brain imaging studies with small samples can show limited reproducibility. Thus, we tested whether the evidence that a transdiagnostic eating disorder treatment reduces responsivity of brain valuation regions to thin models and high-calorie binge foods, the intervention targets, from a smaller earlier trial emerged when we recruited additional participants. Methods Women with DSM-5 eating disorders (N = 138) were randomized to the dissonance-based body project treatment (BPT) or a waitlist control condition and completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans assessing neural response to thin models and high-calorie foods at pretest and posttest. Results BPT v. control participants showed significantly greater reductions in responsivity of regions implicated in reward valuation (caudate) and attentional motivation (precuneus) to thin v. average-weight models, echoing findings from the smaller sample. Data from this larger sample also provided novel evidence that BPT v. control participants showed greater reductions in responsivity of regions implicated in reward valuation (ventrolateral prefrontal cortex) and food craving (hippocampus) to high-calorie binge foods v. low-calorie foods, as well as significantly greater reductions in eating disorder symptoms, abstinence from binge eating and purging behaviors, palatability ratings for high calorie foods, monetary value for high-calorie binge foods, and significantly greater increases in attractiveness ratings of average weight models. Conclusions Results from this larger sample provide evidence that BPT reduces valuation of the thin ideal and high-calorie binge foods, the intervention targets, per objective brain imaging data, and produces clinically meaningful reductions in eating pathology.

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