scholarly journals Functionally Calibrating Life Satisfaction: The Case of Mating Motives and Self-Perceived Mate Value

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahra Ko ◽  
Eunkook M. Suh ◽  
Ji-eun Shin ◽  
Steven Neuberg
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Mate Value ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Potential Success ◽  
Mating Goals

Abstract If life satisfaction has functional significance for goal achievement, it should be calibrated to cues of potential success on active and fundamentally important goals. Within the context of mating motivation, we tested this hypothesis with self-perceived mate value—an assessment of one’s potential mating success. As hypothesized, because most individuals (eventually) seek long-term relationships, self-perceived long-term mate value predicted life satisfaction for men and women regardless of relationship status. In contrast, and also as hypothesized, self-perceived short-term mate value predicted life satisfaction only for individuals with short-term mating goals—single uncommitted men (Studies 1, 2A, and 2B), individuals dispositionally motivated toward short-term relationships (Studies 2A and 2B), and single uncommitted women for whom short-term mating motivation was experimentally engaged, enabling causal inference (Study 3). Results support a functional conceptualization of life satisfaction, showing that currently active mating goals can shape the extent to which goal-specific self-perceived mate value predicts life satisfaction.

scholarly journals The interplay of gender, social context, and long-term unemployment effects on subjective health trajectories

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Altweck ◽  
Stefanie Hahm ◽  
Holger Muehlan ◽  
Tobias Gfesser ◽  
Christine Ulke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Health Trajectories ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
Baseline Values

Abstract Background While a strong negative impact of unemployment on health has been established, the present research examined the lesser studied interplay of gender, social context and job loss on health trajectories. Methods Data from the German Socio-Economic Panel was used, which provided a representative sample of 6838 participants. Using latent growth modelling the effects of gender, social context (East vs. West Germans), unemployment (none, short-term or long-term), and their interactions were examined on health (single item measures of self-rated health and life satisfaction respectively). Results Social context in general significantly predicted the trajectories of self-rated health and life satisfaction. Most notably, data analysis revealed that West German women reported significantly lower baseline values of self-rated health following unemployment and did not recover to the levels of their East German counterparts. Only long-term, not short-term unemployment was related to lower baseline values of self-rated health, whereas, in relation to baseline values of life satisfaction, both types of unemployment had a similar negative effect. Conclusions In an economic crisis, individuals who already carry a higher burden, and not only those most directly affected economically, may show the greatest health effects.

scholarly journals Sex and Relationship Differences on the Short Love Attitude Scale: Insights from the Hungarian Adaptation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Meskó ◽  
András N. Zsidó ◽  
András Láng ◽  
Kázmér Karádi
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sexual Motivation ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Mate Value ◽  
Valid Measure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Love Styles

AbstractLove styles are attitudes towards romantic relationships that are related to sexual motivation, sociosexuality, mate value, and relationship status. In the present study, the Short Love Attitude Scale (LAS-SF) was adapted to Hungarian, and the original factor structure was replicated with a Hungarian sample of 800 participants (439 females, mean age = 38.6 years). The results show that the Hungarian LAS-SF is a reliable and valid measure, which enables cross-cultural comparisons. Differences in love styles were revealed across sexes and relationship statuses. All men except singles scored relatively high on Eros, while the highest Eros scores among women were obtained for those in a committed relationship. Women and men preferred the same strategy (Ludus) to achieve short-term relationship goals.

Abstract P116: Trait Anger Increases Short-term and Long-term Risk for Recurrent CHD: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice E Williams ◽  
Sharon B Wyatt ◽  
Kathryn M Rose ◽  
David J Couper ◽  
Anna Kucharska-Newton
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Aric Study

Though several large epidemiologic studies have demonstrated the positive association of anger with coronary heart disease (CHD) onset, a dearth of population-based evidence exists regarding the relationship of anger to the clinical course of CHD among people with established disease. Trait anger is conceptualized as a stable personality trait and defined as the tendency to experience frequent and intense anger. Therefore, it is plausible that the effects of trait anger on CHD are long standing. We assessed the hypothesis that trait anger predicts short-term and long-term risk for recurrent CHD among middle-aged men and women. Participants were 611 black or white men and women, ages 48 - 67, who had a history of CHD at the second clinical examination (1990-1992) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. They were followed for the recurrence of CHD (myocardial infarction or fatal CHD) from 1990 through three different time intervals: 1995, 2003, and 2009 (maximum follow-up = 19.0 years). Trait anger (measured at Visit 2) was assessed using the Spielberger Trait Anger Scale, with scores categorized as high, moderate, and low. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race-center, educational level, waist-to-hip ratio, plasma LDL-and HDL-cholesterol levels, hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking status, and pack-years of cigarette smoking. After 3 - 5 years of follow-up, the risk for recurrent CHD among participants with high trait anger was more than twice that of their counterparts with low trait anger (2.24 [95% C.I: 1.14 to 4.40]). After 11 - 13 years, the risk was 80% greater (1.80 [95% C.I: 1.17 to 2.78]) and after 17 - 19 years, it was 70% greater (1.70 [95% C.I: 1.15 to 2.52]). The risk for recurrent CHD was strongest in the first time interval but remained strong and statistically significant through 19 years of follow-up. In conclusion, the experience of frequent and intense anger increases short-term and long-term risk for recurrent CHD in middle-aged men and women.

Men's and Women's Mating Preferences: Distinct Evolutionary Mechanisms?

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Carol Miller ◽  
Anila Putcha-Bhagavatula ◽  
William C. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Species Comparisons

Have men and women evolved sex-distinct mating preferences for short-term and long-term mating, as postulated by some evolutionary theorists? Direct tests of assumptions, consideration of confounds with gender, and examination of the same variables for both sexes suggest men and women are remarkably similar. Furthermore, cross-species comparisons indicate that humans do not evidence mating mechanisms indicative of short-term mating (e.g., large female sexual skins, large testicles). Understanding human variability in mating preferences is apt to involve more detailed knowledge of the links between these preferences and biological and chemical mechanisms associated with sexual motivation, sexual arousal, and sexual functioning.

scholarly journals Constrained Intentions

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 237802311668533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Geist ◽  
Sarah Brauner-Otto
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Intentions ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
East And West Germany ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Short And Long Term

Using five waves of the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics ( pairfam), we examine how economic circumstances are related to fertility intentions in childless young men and women in East and West Germany. We explore multiple dimensions of fertility intentions: short-term intentions for the next two years, long-term expectations about family size, and uncertainty about these short- and long-term intentions. Our findings suggest that economic circumstances constrain fertility intentions and increase uncertainty. Although fertility intentions differ between men and women and by region, the broad mechanisms that predict intentions are very similar across groups for long-term intentions and uncertainty. However, group differences emerge in short-term intentions.

Life-History Interviews of Aging Gay Men

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas C. Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Life History ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Life Satisfaction ◽  
Gay Aging ◽  
Patterns Of Aging

Homosexual men and women have seldom been studied by gerontologists and almost nothing is known about the lifestyles, pattern of development through the adult years, and the effect of homosexuality on aging. Fourteen gay men, ranging in age from fifty-five to eighty-one, were interviewed about their life history and experiences of aging as gay men. Three of the respondents had long-term relationships that lasted up to forty years; two had experienced the death of a lover and had begun a new long-term relationship; four had been married to women and two had children (one unmarried man adopted a son and is now a grandfather). The wide diversity of their patterns of aging, the presence of positive aspects of gay aging, and the high life satisfaction of many of the respondents contradict the stereotype of the lonely, isolated old gay man.

scholarly journals Will the COVID-19 pandemic lead to a tsunami of suicides? A Swedish nationwide analysis of historical and 2020 data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Rück ◽  
David Mataix-Cols ◽  
Kinda Malki ◽  
Mats Adler ◽  
Oskar Flygare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Influenza Pandemics ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
The Media

ABSTRACTBackgroundVarious surveys have documented a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the population’s mental health. There is widespread concern about a surge of suicides, but evidence supporting a link between global pandemics and suicide is very limited. Using historical data from the three major influenza pandemics of the 20th century, and recently released data from the first half of 2020, we aimed to investigate whether an association exists between influenza deaths and suicide deaths.MethodsAnnual data on influenza death rates and suicide rates were extracted from the Statistical Yearbook of Sweden from 1910-1978, covering the three 20th century pandemics, and from Statistics Sweden for the period from January to June of each year during 2000-2020. COVID-19 death data were available for the first half of 2020. We implemented non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) models to explore if there is a short-term and/or long-term effect of increases and decreases in influenza death rates on suicide rates during 1910-1978. Analyses were done separately for men and women. Descriptive analyses were used for the available 2020 data.FindingsBetween 1910-1978, there was no evidence of either short-term or long-term significant associations between influenza death rates and changes in suicides. The same pattern emerged in separate analyses for men and women. Suicide rates in January-June 2020 revealed a slight decrease compared to the corresponding rates in January-June 2019 (relative decrease by −1.2% among men and −12.8% among women).InterpretationWe found no evidence of short or long-term association between influenza death rates and suicide death rates across three 20th century pandemics or during the first six months of 2020 (when the first wave of COVID-19 occurred). Concerns about a substantial increase of suicides may be exaggerated. The media should be cautious when reporting news about suicides during the current pandemic.

Obtaining Funding for New Researchers in Psychology

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-278
Author(s):  
James Robert Bras̆nić
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Men And Women

A mentor is the key person to assist a student who wishes to become an independent investigator. The federal government provides long-term funding for decades of research by an investigator, and short-term funding for years of transition from student to investigator is available from both governmental and private agencies. Grants designed for men and women and various ethnic groups are valuable resources. Courteous acknowledgment of sponsorship by the grantee facilitates continued grants from the funding source.

Relationship Status Moderates Men’s Conspicuous Consumption of Smartphones

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Hennighausen ◽  
Frank Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Mating Strategy ◽  
Mating Strategies ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
High Status ◽  
Committed Relationships ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Signaling Systems

By applying the handicap principle, researchers have investigated men’s conspicuous purchases of high-status products as part of sexual signaling systems. Studies have suggested that, as part of short-term mating strategies, men are particularly willing to engage in conspicuous consumption to attract mates. Yet, this research has neglected to examine how relationship status influences conspicuous consumption. In our web-based study involving 352 participants (229 women), men tending towards short-term mating reported greater purchase intentions for a high-status smartphone only when single or in uncommitted relationships, while no association surfaced between mating strategy and conspicuous consumption among men in committed relationships. Results also revealed that, independent of mating strategy and income, single men and men in uncommitted relationships were more willing to purchase a low-status smartphone. Relationship status did not affect women’s conspicuous consumption. With these findings, we argue that relationship status significantly moderates men’s conspicuous consumption, as well as discuss purchases of low-status products as possible signals of men’s interest in long-term mating.

scholarly journals Who uses Tinder?: The Dark Triad traits, attachment, and mate value

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Jonason ◽  
Rachel Bulyk
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Mate Value ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Mating Tactic ◽  
Relationship Partners ◽  
Mating Goals

Modern dating life has been changed with the advent of smartphone-based applications like Tinder. One way to identify who uses these applications is to compare the personality traits of users to non-users. In two brief studies (N = 581) we compared Tinder-users to non-users in individual differences associated with short-term mating (i.e., psychopathy, Machiavellianism, narcissism [the Dark Triad traits], and anxious attachment) and mate value. We revealed that the men who were Tinder users were especially high in psychopathy and narcissism and women who were Tinder users were especially high in anxious attachment and rated themselves as unsuccessful in finding relationship partners. While exploratory in nature, we suggest that men who are characterized by antisocial traits may use Tinder for opportunistic mating goals whereas women who have struggled to find relationships may use Tinder as a compensatory mating tactic.

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