scholarly journals Sugar Sweetened Beverages Intake and Risk of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases in Longitudinal Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with 1.5 Million Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pozza Santos ◽  
Denise Petrucci Gigante ◽  
Felipe Mendes Delpino ◽  
Ana Paula Maciel ◽  
Renata Moraes Bielemann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Abstract This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) intake and type 2 diabetes, obesity, coronary heart disease and stroke in adults. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis searching for articles in the Pubmed, Lilacs, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases. After screening of titles and abstracts, 27 longitudinal studies were included for the narrative synthesis with all of them presenting medium or high methodological quality. None of the selected studies were from low-income countries and only three were conducted in middle-income countries. Type 2 diabetes was the most investigated disease – outcome in 15 out of 27 studies. Around 80% of the studies enrolled more than 10,000 individuals in the sample, and almost half of them followed the subjects for less than 10 years. A total of 1.5 million individuals were included in the pooled analyses, and results indicated that SSB intake increased the risk of type 2 diabetes (RR = 1.20; 95%C.I. 1.13 – 1.28), obesity (RR = 1.17; 95%C.I. 1.10 – 1.25), coronary heart disease (RR = 1.15; 95%C.I. 1.06 – 1.25), and stroke (RR = 1.10; 95%C.I. 1.01 – 1.19) in adults after adjustment for all potential confounders. Our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that consumption of SSB intake appears to increase the risk non-communicable chronic disease, being the strongest evidence for type 2 diabetes. Actions are needed to be taken to reduce the SSB intake and its consequences worldwide.

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, weight gain, and risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in Asia: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nithya Neelakantan ◽  
Su Hyun Park ◽  
Guo-Chong Chen ◽  
Rob M van Dam
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Asian Populations

Abstract Context The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing in Asia and several countries are adopting preventive policies to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). However, evidence on the relation between SSB consumption and cardiometabolic health in Asian populations has not been summarized. Objective In this systematic review, the associations between consumption of SSBs and cardiometabolic outcomes, including obesity, T2DM, and CVD, are examined in Asian populations. Data sources The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and gray literature were searched up to October, 2020 to identify relevant articles. Data extraction Two investigators independently extracted data from included studies. Data analysis When sufficient studies were available, a random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate the pooled estimates (expressed as risk ratio [RR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Heterogeneity was tested and quantified using the Cochrane Q test and I2 statistic, respectively. Results Of the 17 studies included, 8 provided results about measures of adiposity (3 on weight change, 4 on body mass index (BMI), 2 on percent body fat, and 1 on abdominal obesity), 6 reported results about T2DM, and 3 reported on different CVD outcomes. High SSB consumption was significantly associated with greater weight gain and with a higher risk of selected CVD outcomes as compared with low consumption. In the meta-analysis, high SSB consumption was associated with greater T2DM risk before (RR, 1.51; 95%CI, 1.15–1.98 for highest vs lowest category; I2 = 76%) and after (RR, 1.38; 95%CI, 1.09–1.73; I2 = 56%) adjustment for BMI. Conclusions These findings suggest that high SSB consumption is directly associated with weight gain, risk of T2DM, and, possibly, selected CVD outcomes in Asian populations. Public health strategies to reduce SSB consumption in Asian countries are warranted. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42019129456.Keywords: adiposity. cardiovascular disease, Asia, sugar-sweetened beverages, type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis

Diabetes Care ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2477-2483 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Malik ◽  
B. M. Popkin ◽  
G. A. Bray ◽  
J.-P. Despres ◽  
W. C. Willett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

Obesity and cardiovascular outcomes: another look at a meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A Kelley ◽  
Kristi S Kelley ◽  
Brian L Stauffer
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Small Study ◽  
Point Estimates ◽  
Inverse Variance

This study used the inverse variance heterogeneity (IVhet) model to conduct a reanalysis of a recent meta-analysis that reported a positive association, based on the random-effects (RE) model, between obesity and the incidence of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, but not all-cause stroke, in adults. Data emanated from a recent meta-analysis of five Mendelian randomization studies representing 881,692 adults. Results were pooled using the IVhet model and reported as OR’s and 95% CI. Small-study effects were examined using the Doi plot and Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index. Influence analysis was also conducted. The association between obesity and type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and all-cause stroke was, respectively, 1.38 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.90, p=0.05, I2=93%), 1.10 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.35, p=0.35, I2=87%), and 1.02 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.09, p=0.64, I2=0%). Compared with the original RE model, results were similar for all-cause stroke, but point estimates for type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease were smaller (29.3% and 9.8%) with wider (7.0% and 14.7%), overlapping CI. Major asymmetry suggestive of small-study effects was observed (LFK=3.59). With the exception of one study for type 2 diabetes, results remained uncertain (overlapping 95% CI) when each study was deleted from the model once. A lack of certainty exists regarding the association between obesity and the incidence of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and all-cause stroke in adults.

Abstract 054: Diet Beverage Intake is Positively Associated With Incident Coronary Heart Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew O Odegaard ◽  
Lyn M Steffen ◽  
David R Jacobs ◽  
Katherine L Tucker ◽  
Kenneth J Mukamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Incident Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: Diet beverages are calorie free beverages sweetened with non-nutritive sweeteners. People with diabetes are the highest per-capita consumers of diet beverages, tending to consume them as a replacement for dietary sources of sugar, especially in place of sugar sweetened beverages. This behavior is endorsed by dietetic and scientific organizations and diet beverages are marketed synonymously with better health, weight loss, and thus, are considered advantageous for diabetes control. The underlying public health concern is the lack of data to support or refute this concept. Hypothesis: Higher diet beverage intake is positively associated with incident Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Methods: We pooled the data sets of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (1987-2014), Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) (1989-2014), Framingham Offspring Study (FOS) (1995-2014), Jackson Heart Study (JHS) (2000-2012), and Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA (2000-2013) to conduct a prospective examination of the association of diet beverage intake with the incidence of CHD among participants with clinically ascertained type 2 diabetes (T2D) without prevalent CHD and with valid dietary data (N=3,947). We carried out a 2-step meta-analysis using individual level, cohort-specific Cox regression analyses with identical adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, overall diet quality and clinical risk factors to generate effect estimates that were pooled together using fixed and random effects meta-analysis. Results: 1,046 participants developed adjudicated CHD during follow-up. There was a positive, graded association between diet beverage intake and risk of incident CHD (Table). Results were consistent by sex, race and age. Conclusions: Diet beverage intake is associated with increased risk of developing CHD in a population with T2D. These results suggest the need to further evaluate dietary recommendations related to diet beverages and consider their role in this high risk population.

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