scholarly journals Isozyme Markers for Cultivar Identification in Guayule

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Estilai ◽  
A. Hashemi ◽  
J.G. Waines
Keyword(s):  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Parthenium Argentatum ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Glutamate Oxalacetate Transaminase

Leaf extracts of 500 plants from 47 guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) entries including AZ-101, Gila, Cal-3, Cal-6, and Cal-7 germplasms; 12 accessions from Mexico; and a diverse array of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid selections were analyzed for isozyme variation of 17 enzyme systems. Glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (GOT, EC 2.6.1.1), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH, EC 1.1.1.42), malate dehydrogenase (MDH, EC 1.1.1.37), phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI, EC 5.3.1.9), shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH, EC 1.1.1.25), and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI, EC 5.3.1.1) produced sharp and well-resolved bands. With the exception of AZ-101 and Gila, intra- and inter-accession polymorphisms were present for the above enzymes. Plants of AZ-101 and Gila showed identical banding patterns for every enzyme, supporting the view that these two germplasms may be the apomictic progenies of a single selection. Isozyme variations within entries indicated that most of the available guayule germplasms and selections are heterogeneous. Differences between entries suggested that isozymes may provide useful markers for cultivar identification.

scholarly journals Cultivar Identification and Genetic Diversity within a Hatiora (Cactaceae) Clonal Germplasm Collection Using Isozymes

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-376
Author(s):  
Maureen C. O'Leary ◽  
Thomas H. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Entire Collection

Isozyme markers were used to identify cultivars and assess the genetic diversity within a germplasm collection of 49 Hatiora Britt. & Rose clones. The collection included accessions of Easter cactus [H. gaertneri (Regel) Barthlott, H. graeseri Barthlott ex D. Hunt, and H. rosea (Lagerheim) Barthlott] plus H. herminiae (Campos-Porto & Castellanos) Backeberg ex Barthlott and H. salcornioides (Haworth) Britton & Rose. Seven enzyme systems were analyzed: aspartate aminotransferase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, leucine aminopeptidase, malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, shikimate dehydrogenase, and triosephosphate isomerase. Thirteen loci and 42 alleles were identified. Twenty-one clones (43%) displayed unique isozyme profiles, but the remaining 28 clones shared isozyme profiles with one to three other clones. Percent polymorphic loci, mean number of alleles per locus, and mean heterozygosity were 69, 3.23, and 0.30, respectively, for the entire collection. Isozymes also proved useful for verifying that some progeny were genuine F1 hybrids.

scholarly journals ISOZYME VARIATION AND GENETICS IN ASPARAGUS OFFICINALIS

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 715A-715
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Brettin ◽  
Ken C. Sink
Keyword(s):  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Isozyme Analysis ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Fusion Products

We have used isozyme techniques (SGE) to assess variation and begin construction of a genetic map of the Asparagus officinalis genome. Isozyme extraction buffers, electrophoretic buffer systems, and isozyme stability during storage were evaluated. Isozyme expression under different environmental conditions was also examined. Thirty-four enzymes were evaluated for their usefulness as genetic markers in A. officinalis. Of these 34, 13 had sufficient activity and resolution on the gels for isozyme analysis. Of the 13 enzyme systems resolved, polymorphisms were observed in aconitase, endopeptidase, malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, and shikimate dehydrogenase. Segregation of putative alleles is presented for ACON, END, MDH, PGM and SKDH isozymes. Co-segregation data showed linkage between a SKDH locus and a PGM locus. The isozyme analysis also included Asparagus densiflorus `Sprengeri' and revealed that aspartate aminotransaminase, endopeptidase, and triosephosphate isomerase would be potentially useful for verification of cell fusion products between the two species.

scholarly journals Characterizing Isozymes of Spanish Cherimoya Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 845-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pascual ◽  
F. Perfectti ◽  
M. Gutierrez ◽  
A.M. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Annona Cherimola ◽  
Glutamate Oxalacetate Transaminase

Isozymes have been used as genetic markers to characterize seven Spanish cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) cultivars. Fifteen enzyme systems were analyzed. Ten varied [aconitase (ACO, EC 4.2.1.3), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH, EC 1.1.1.1), glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (GOT, EC 2.6.1.1), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH, EC 1.1.1.42), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP, EC 3.4.11.1), malate dehydrogenase (MDH, EC 1.1.1.37), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI, EC 5.3.1.9), phosphoghtcomutase (PGM, EC 2.7.5.1), shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH, EC 1.1.1.25), and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI, EC 5.3.1.1)] and five did not [acid phosphatase (ACPH, EC 3.1.3.2), diaphorase (DIA, EC 1.6.4.3), malic enzyme (ME, EC 1.1.1.40), 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase (6PGDH, EC 1.1.1.44), and superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1)]. Two cultivars, Campa and Campa Mejorada, had identical banding patterns for all enzymes tested. All others were identified as distinct cultivars because of isozyme differences. The identical isozyme profiles of `Campa' and `Campa Mejorada' probably indicate that they are the same cultivar. A cluster analysis of isozyme profiles showed that Spanish cultivars were clearly different from Californian cultivars.

scholarly journals Identifying Lychee Cultivars by Isozyme Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Degani ◽  
A. Beiles ◽  
R. El-Batsri ◽  
M. Goren ◽  
S. Gazit
Keyword(s):  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism ◽  
Parental Analysis ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Large Clusters ◽  
First Time

Leaf isozyme banding patterns were studied in 30 cultivars and selections of lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) by means of starch gel electrophoresis. Polymorphism in aconitase, aspartate aminotransferase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, shikimate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and triosephosphate isomerase is demonstrated for the first time and observations are extended for the previously described polymorphism in phosphoglucose isomerase. In this study we found five groups of cultivars with identical electrophoretic genotypes. The 18 different cultivars were clustered by the UPGMA method into two large clusters and three pairs of similar cultivars. Three cultivars were relatively separate from the clusters. This study shows that isozyme polymorphism is a prevalent phenomenon in lychee, and that isozymes can provide useful genetic markers for lychee cultivar identification and parental analysis.

scholarly journals Identifying Crabapple Cultivars by Isozymes

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Charlotte R. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel

Forty-five crabapple (Malus spp.) cultivars were evaluated for 16 isozyme systems by starch gel electrophoresis. Of the 16 systems evaluated, 6 were useful in separating among cultivars. Enzyme systems used to distinguish among the cultivars included alcohol dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucoisomerase, and shikimate dehydrogenase. Each enzyme system produced one well-resolved polymorphic region except for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which produced two. Most crabapple selections could be identified when all six enzymes were evaluated. Alcohol dehydrogenase had the most diagnostic banding patterns useful for cultivar identification.

scholarly journals Isozymes for Cultivar Identification in Kiwifruit

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Messina ◽  
R. Testolin ◽  
M. Morgante
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Simultaneous Comparison

The usefulness of isozyme banding patterns as genetic markers in kiwifruit [Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson] was investigated using starch gel electrophoresis. Fifty-four entries putatively belonging to seven female and two male kiwifruit cultivars were examined for 13 enzyme systems (AAT, ACO, GDH, G6PDH, IDH, MDH, ME, MNR, NDH, 6PGD, PGI, PGM, and SKDH). Four enzyme systems, ACO, MDH, NDH, and SKDH, showed identical banding patterns in all clones surveyed. Of the remaining enzymes, AAT, PGI, and PGM had the best discriminating power. Six enzyme systems (GDH, G6PDH, IDH, ME, MNR, and 6PGD), though showing polymorphic banding patterns, were poorly resolved. All the New Zealand cultivars were uniquely identified by the simultaneous comparison of the AAT, PGI, and PGM zymograms. Some enzyme systems were also polymorphic among plants within the same cultivar, thus proving the heterogeneity of kiwifruit material introduced into Europe in the early 1970s.

scholarly journals ISOZYME VARIATION IN PACIFIC ISLAND CULTIVARS OF BREADFRUIT

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1153g-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Ragone
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Pacific

150 accessions of breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg and A. mariannensis Trècul] and interspecific hybrids from 18 Pacific island groups were analyzed for isozyme variation. Six enzyme systems (ACO, ADH, IDH, MDH, ME, PGM) produced well-resolved bands Each accession was scored for presence or absence of bands for each enzyme system. Breadfruit is clonally propagated and numerous diploid and triploid cultivars are grown in the Pacific islands. Diploid cultivars of A. altilis from Melanesia and western Polynesia showed the highest variation. Few diploid cultivars were found in eastern Polynesia. Seedless, triploid cultivars showed identical banding patterns for all enzyme systems. The narrow genetic variation in triploid cultivars indicates that they are the result of repeated vegetative propagation of a naturally occurring triploid. In contrast, these cultivars exhibit great morphological variation due to somatic mutation, maintained through human selection. A. mariannensis and hybrid cultivars showed greater variation and were identifiable by unique banding patterns for ADH and MDH.

scholarly journals Isozyme Variation in Cultivars of Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum sp.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Strefeler ◽  
Elizabeth Darmo ◽  
Roger L. Becker ◽  
Elizabeth J. Katovich
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Purple Loosestrife ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Isozyme Markers ◽  
Species Origin ◽  
Cultivar Differentiation

Isozyme markers were used to identify several cultivars of purple loosestrife (Lythrum spp.) and interspecific hybrids. There were three zones of activity for phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) and two zones for malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in purple loosestrife cultivars. Allelic constitution could not be characterized due to the polyploid nature of purple loosestrife and the possibility of intergenic dimerization. Coefficients of genetic similarity were used to estimate the degree of relationship between purple loosestrife cultivars. Cluster analysis indicated that seven cultivars originating from L. salicaria L. were not distinguishable from eight cultivars originating from L. virgatum L., indicating possible limitations of isozyme analysis for cultivar differentiation based on species origin. All but two cultivars (`Morden Gleam' and `Morden Rose') could be distinguished from one another by isozyme phenotype. This result suggests that isozymes may be useful for cultivar fingerprinting if additional isozyme systems could be resolved. `Robert' appeared morphologically heterogeneous, and plants could be differentiated based on isozyme banding patterns. Also, two putative clones of `Stichflamme' (one marketed under its English synonym `Fire Candle') possessed distinct isozyme phenotypes, indicating a lack of clonal integrity.

scholarly journals Isozyme Polymorphism and Inheritance in Rhipsalidopsis and Schlumbergera (Cactaceae)

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 856G-857
Author(s):  
Maureen C. O'Leary ◽  
Thomas H. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Triose Phosphate ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Polymorphism

Cultivars and seedlings of Rhipsalidopsis and Schlumbergera were subjected to isozyme analysis using seven enzyme systems [aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), aminopeptidase (AMP), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), shikimate dehydrogenase (SKD), and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI)]. Isozymes were extracted from phylloclades and roots, and were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) using single percentage (5% to 10%) gels. Six enzymes exhibited polymorphism in Rhipsalidopsis, whereas all seven enzymes were polymorphic in Schlumbergera. Inheritance studies were performed on AAT, GPI, MDH, PGM, and TPI for Rhipsalidopsis and on AMP, PGM, and SKD for Schlumbergera. Significant segregation distortion was observed in some families. Polymorphic isozymes are potentially useful markers for cultivar identification and for genetic and breeding studies.

scholarly journals Isozyme Inheritance and Variation in Actinidia

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 620d-620
Author(s):  
Hongwen Huang ◽  
Fenny Dane ◽  
Zhongzen Wang ◽  
Zhengwan Jiang ◽  
Rehuang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Isozyme Variation ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Disomic Inheritance ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Allelic Segregation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Diploid Ancestor

Isozyme inheritance and variation in Actinidia was investigated using 23 enzyme systems. Ten isozyme loci from six enzyme systems, Acp-2, Est, Prx-1, Prx-2, Prx-4, Prx-5, Pgi-2, Pgm-2, and Tpi, were found to be inherited as single Mendelian genes in families of two interspecific crosses. Disomic inheritance detected at ten loci in progenies of a cross between the hexaploid A. deliciosa × diploid A. chinensis, provided convincing evidence that A. deliciosa is an allohexaploid. Allelic segregation for tetrasomic inheritance at ten isozyme loci was demonstrated in the progenies of a cross between the tetraploid A. chinesis × diploid A. eriantha, a result suggesting the autotetraploid origin of the tetraploid A. chinensis which apparently originated from its diploid ancestor A. chinensis. A high level of isozyme variation and heterozygosity were observed in the 22 cultivars and 56 plants of 28 Actinidia taxa. Allozyme phenotype can be used effectively for cultivar identification.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document