CITRUS ROOTSTOCK SHOOTS ENHANCE SCION GROWTH AFTER BUD FORCING

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1152d-1152
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G. Williamson ◽  
Karen E. Koch ◽  
William S. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Carrizo Citrange ◽  
Bud Emergence ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Fibrous Roots

Carrizo citrange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] seedlings were budded with `Hamlin' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] and subjected to 3 bud forcing treatments: (1) topping [T] by removing the seedling above the bud union; (2) lopping [L] by cutting half way through the seedling above the bud union and breaking the rootstock over; or, (3) bending [B] the seedling top over and tying it to the base of the plant. As scion buds emerged and grew, plants were sacrificed for dry weight measurements; also, the portion of the rootstock seedling above the bud union was exposed to 14CO2 at 3 stages of scion development. Plants with seedling tops attached (B,L) gained more dry weight and fibrous roots than T seedlings. Scion elongation was greater for B plants than for T plants. Plants usually flushed twice regardless of bud forcing treatment. No treatment differences were noted for time of flushing or scion bud emergence. Labeled photosynthate from attached rootstock leaves was translocated to scions during both flushes suggesting that recently fixed C enhanced scion growth for B and L plants.

Osmotic adjustment in transgenic citrus rootstock Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis Osb. x Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.) overproducing proline

Plant Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 1375-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Bruno Correa Molinari ◽  
Celso Jamil Marur ◽  
João Carlos Bespalhok Filho ◽  
Adilson Kenji Kobayashi ◽  
Marcos Pileggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Carrizo Citrange ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Transgenic Citrus

scholarly journals Limitations on Growth and Net Gas Exchange of Diploid and Tetraploid Citrus Rootstock Cultivars Grown at Elevated CO2

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Syvertsen ◽  
L.S. Lee ◽  
J.W Grosser
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Plant Transpiration ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Volkamer Lemon ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Fibrous Roots

Diploid (2x) and autotetraploid (4x) Citrus L. rootstock cultivars were grown at elevated CO2 to obtain insights into limitations on growth and net gas exchange that have been associated with tetraploidy. Well-nourished 2x and 4x seedlings of `Volkamer' lemon (Volk, C. volkameriana Ten & Pasq.), `Troyer' citrange [Troy, C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] and `Cleopatra' mandarin (Cleo, C. reticulata Blanco.), were grown in greenhouses at either ambient or twice ambient CO2 for 4 months. Plant growth, water relations, mineral nutrition, and net gas exchange characteristics of leaves were measured. Most 4x plants were smaller and had lower rates of whole plant transpiration but shorter fibrous roots than 2x plants. Fibrous roots of 4x were thicker than 2x roots as indicated by a lower specific root length (SRL) in 4x than in 2x roots. Root hydraulic conductivity was correlated to total plant growth but there were no effects of CO2 or ploidy on root conductivity. Tetraploid leaves had lower N concentrations than 2x leaves when expressed on a dry weight basis but these differences disappeared when N concentration was expressed on an leaf area basis because 4x leaves had more leaf dry weight per area (LDW/a) than 2x leaves. Plant growth was greater and SRL was lower at elevated CO2 than at ambient CO2. LDW concentrations of N, P, and K were lower at elevated CO2 than at ambient apparently due to a growth dilution effect. LDW/a, net CO2 assimilation (ACO2), and leaf water use efficiency were greater at elevated CO2 than at ambient. Overall, there was no effect of ploidy on ACO2 but 4x Volk and Troy had lower rates of ACO2 than their 2x at elevated CO2. Net gas exchange of tetraploid leaves was less responsive to elevated CO2 than 2x leaves. The low SRL of tetraploids was correlated with low whole plant transpiration rates and low leaf area-based N concentrations, which may be operative in determining the growth characteristics associated with tetraploidy.

scholarly journals Water-Stress Influences on Three New Promising HLB-Tolerant Citrus Rootstocks

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Lidia Aparicio-Durán ◽  
Frederick G. Gmitter ◽  
Juan M. Arjona-López ◽  
Rocío Calero-Velázquez ◽  
Áurea Hervalejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Carrizo Citrange ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Stress Influences ◽  
Water Treatments

Drought and flooding conditions are increasingly common abiotic factors that affect citrus crops in both the Mediterranean Basin and Florida. Furthermore, emerging diseases, such as Huanglongbing (HLB), are a potential risk for these crops in those producing areas. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior under water-stress treatments of three new citrus rootstocks (UFR-6, B11R5T60, and 2247 x 6070-02-2) with reported tolerance of HLB, comparing them with a common commercial citrus rootstock (Carrizo citrange). Four water conditions were established: Control, Medium Water Stress (MWS), Drought, and Flooding. Chlorophyll index (SPAD), growth in height, relative growth rate, biomass (fresh and dry weight) and plant water status were evaluated. Citru rootstock response were different for each genotype; Carrizo citrange was negatively affected by all water treatments in the chlorophyll index (SPAD) and biomass production. By contrast, UFR-6 showed a positive response in SPAD and growth under MWS and Drought, B11R5T60 displayed similar behavior to Control under all water stresses, and the response of 2247 x 6070-02-2 under MWS treatment was adequate but was not under Drought or Flooding conditions. Our study describes the behavior of these promising new citrus rootstocks against water stress; B11R5T60 exhibiting the best performance. These results can be useful for the citrus industry to address water-stress problems in these crops.

scholarly journals Metabolic responses to iron deficiency in roots of Carrizo citrange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. x Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.]

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-R. Martinez-Cuenca ◽  
D. J. Iglesias ◽  
M. Talon ◽  
J. Abadia ◽  
A.-F. Lopez-Millan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Carrizo Citrange

scholarly journals Response of Citrus (Citrus spp.) Rootstock Seedlings to Soil-Applied Herbicides

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna N. Reddy ◽  
Megh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

Abstract A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the response of Carrizo citrange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Obs. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], Cleopatra mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), sour orange (C. aurantium L.), and Swingle citrumelo [C. paradisi Macf. × P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.] citrus rootstock seedlings to multiple applications of Premier (fluometralin), Dual (metolachlor), Devrinol (napropamide), Solicam (norflurazon), Surflan (oryzalin), Prowl (pendimethalin), and Treflan trifluralin). The citrus rootstock responses ranged from a 11% reduction in shoot weight of sour orange with Treflan (trifluralin) to a 19% reduction in fibrous root weight of Swingle citrumelo with Surflan (oryzalin). Cleopatra mandarin was tolerant to all the seven herbicides. Dual (metolachlor), Devrinol (napropamide), Solicam (norflurazon), and Premier (fluometralin) were not phytotoxic to all four rootstocks.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Nutrition of Containerized Citrus Nursery Plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Maust ◽  
J.G. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin ◽  
Critical N Concentration

Experiments were conducted with `Hamlin' orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] budded on Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) or Carrizo citrange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] seedling rootstocks to determine minimum container solution N concentrations required for optimum growth and fertilizer uptake efficiency at various growth stages. Plants were fertigated daily with 1 liter of N solution at either 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg·liter-1 from NH4NO3 or 0, 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25, or 50 mg·liter-1 from NH4NO3 dissolved in a complete nutrient solution, respectively. Percentage of N in the mature plant tissues increased as N concentration in the medium solution increased. Shoot length and leaf area increased as N concentrations increased up to a critical concentration of 15 to 19 mg·liter-1. The critical N concentration for root, shoot, and total plant dry weight was ≈18 mg·liter-1 for `Hamlin'-Cleopatra mandarin nursery plants and 15 mg·liter-1 for `Hamlin'-Carrizo nursery plants. The critical N concentration for relative total plant dry weight accumulation (percentage) for the two experiments was 16.8 mg·liter-1. In a separate experiment, plants were given labeled fertilizer N (FN) (15NH415NO3) at one of five growth stages: A) in the middle of rapid shoot extension of the third flush, B) immediately following the cessation of the third flush shoot extension but during leaf expansion, C) immediately following leaf expansion, D) before the fourth flush, or E) in the middle of rapid shoot extension of the fourth flush. Labeled FN recovery increased during rapid shoot extension of the fourth scion flush compared to the other labeling periods. FN uptake per gram of total plant dry weight was greatest during rapid shoot extension (A and E) and lowest during the intermediate labeling periods (B-D). FN supplied 21% to 22% of the N required for new growth during rapid shoot extension.

scholarly journals Transient gene expression of beta-glucuronidase in citrus thin epicotyl transversal sections using particle bombardment

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
João C. Bespalhok Filho ◽  
Adilson K. Kobayashi ◽  
Luiz F. P. Pereira ◽  
Rafaelo M. Galvão ◽  
Luiz G. E. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Particle Bombardment ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Transient Gene Expression ◽  
Gus Expression ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Helium Pressure ◽  
High Osmolarity ◽  
Carrizo Citrange

Studies were carried out to optimize the conditions for transient gene expression through particle bombardment on Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis x Poncirus trifoliata) thin epicotyl sections. The best conditions for transient GUS expression were: M-25 tungsten particles, 1550 psi helium pressure, 9 cm distance between specimen and DNA/particle holder and culture of explants in a high osmolarity medium (0.2 M mannitol + 0.2 M sorbitol) 4 h prior and 20 h after bombardment. Under these conditions, an average of 102 blue spots per bombardment (20 explants/plate) were achieved. This protocol is currently being used for transformation of Carrizo citrange and sweet orange (Citrus sinensis).

scholarly journals Production of interstocked 'Pera' sweet orange nursey trees on 'Volkamer' lemon and 'Swingle' citrumelo rootstocks

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Augusto Girardi ◽  
Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Volkamer Lemon ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

Incompatibility among certain citrus scion and rootstock cultivars can be avoided through interstocking. 'Pera' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) nursery tree production was evaluated on 'Swingle' citrumelo (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf x Citrus paradisi Macf) and 'Volkamer' lemon (Citrus volkameriana Pasquale) incompatible rootstocks, using 'Valencia' and 'Hamlin' sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), 'Sunki' mandarin (Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka), and 'Cleopatra' mandarin (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tanaka) as interstocks. Citrus nursery trees interstocked with 'Pera' sweet orange on both rootstocks were used as control. 'Swingle' citrumelo led to the highest interstock bud take percentage, the greatest interstock height and rootstock diameter, as well as the highest scion and root system dry weight. Percentage of 'Pera' sweet orange dormant bud eye was greater for plants budded on 'Sunki' mandarin than those budded on 'Valencia' sweet orange. No symptoms of incompatibility were observed among any combinations of rootstocks, interstocks and scion. Production cycle can take up to 17 months with higher plant discard.

scholarly journals Woody Gall symptoms in different citrus species and varieties artificially colonized by the citrus brown aphid Toxoptera citricidus

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
SERGIO A. CARVALHO ◽  
GERD W. MÜLLER ◽  
JORGINO POMPEU JR ◽  
JAIRO LOPES DE CASTRO
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Citrus Species ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Carrizo Citrange ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Virus Complex ◽  
Citrus Volkameriana

Seedlings of 41 different citrus species and varieties were massively colonized with the citrus brown aphid Toxoptera citricidus, obtained from Pêra sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) trees, presenting symptoms of the "Capão Bonito" complex of the Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). The objective was to evaluate resistance or tolerance of the varieties to that virus complex, but even after eight months of inoculation no stem pitting was observed in the plants. Otherwise, the presence of galls similar to those induced by the vein enation-woody gall disease was observed in 73% of the plants of Volkamer Palermo (Citrus volkameriana), 60% of the Volkamer Catania 2, 2% of the Rangpur Lime D.22.30 (Citrus limonia), 13% of the Volkamer Australian Red, the Rangpur Lime hybrid, the Orlando tangelo (Citrus reticulata x Citrus paradisi) and the Florida Rough lemon (C. jambhiri), and 7% of the Carrizo citrange (Poncirus trifoliata x Citrus sinensis). The highest incidence and the largest gall size were observed in the Palermo Volkamer showing that this clone would be the most suitable to be used as an indicator plant in biological indexing tests for the disease. There are no previous reports in the literature about the occurrence of woody galls in Orlando tangelo and Carrizo citrange.

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