scholarly journals AN INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT EXTENSION PROGRAM FOR NURSERY PRODUCERS IN SOUTH CAROLINA

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1167b-1167
Author(s):  
J.T. Moody ◽  
M.C. Halbrooks
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Extension Program

The ornamental horticulture industry in South Carolina has expanded significantly over the last decade. Today, concerns regarding environmental and public health, and stricter regulations of pesticide use, are creating incentives for growers to evaluate alternative methods of pest control. Nursery producers currently use an array of chemicals in an attempt to control pests including insects, weeds, and diseases. Integrated pest management (IPM) provides an opportunity to reduce chemical reliance. The overall objective of this extension program is to collect and collate information relevant to the implementation of an IPM program. The first year, 1989-90, surveys were developed to determine key factors related nursery pest management. Types of data collected included: key pest species; pest-plant relationships; grower action responses to pest problems; types and frequency of pesticide use. The second year, 1990-91, involved implementing IPM strategies such as: cultural methods; use of horticultural oils, soaps, and lower risk pesticides; and spot treatment applications to help maintain pest populations below economically damaging levels. Improvements in pest management included; reduced chemical applications, reduced associated environmental risks, and maintenance of aesthetic quality of plants.

scholarly journals Insights on solanaceous resistance against tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta), with emphasis on chemical compounds useful in integrated pest management

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12543
Author(s):  
Roxana CICEOI ◽  
Mihaela IORDĂCHESCU ◽  
Anca A. UDRIȘTE ◽  
Liliana A. BĂDULESCU
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Tomato Leafminer ◽  
Wide Range

For integrated pest management (IPM) and organic farming, breeding resistant varieties is one of the most eco-friendly approaches, that goes along botanicals and other different cultural practices, as the use of companion plants. Among the many pest species that invaded the whole world in the last decades, one of the most frightening is the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a devastating pest of cultivated tomato worldwide. Tomato is one of the most important agricultural commodities, including the main mean of subsistence in many countries from Africa and middle East. As chemical pesticides failed to control de pest spread and led to many reports of resistant populations, alternative methods for tomato leafminer management must be quickly developed. Many of such alternatives count on a wide range of chemical compounds. The chemical compounds most often responsible for “constitutive resistance”, synthetized by tomato are methyl-ketones (2-tridecanone), sesquiterpenes (zingiberene), and acyl sugars (acylglucose and acylsucrose) while the chemical compounds produced by other plants, used as isolated substances or mixtures, which have antifeedant, growth inhibiting, repellent, and insecticide effects, are azadirachtin, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, citronellal, eugenol, linalool, nicotine, pyrethrin, rotenone, thujone, thymol, α-terpineol, 1.8-cineol, etc. Many of them are already commercially available but their efficacy and use differ widely. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the resistance mechanism of solanaceous species related to chemical compounds and substances important for IPM plans developed against T. absoluta is required by the breeding programs.

scholarly journals An Integrated Pest Management Success Story: Orangestriped Oakworm Control in Norfolk, Virginia, U.S.

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 286-288
Author(s):  
Peter Schultz ◽  
David Sivyer
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Injury Threshold ◽  
The Past

Pesticide applications directed against the orangestriped oakworm declined by over 80% the first year after implementation of an aesthetic injury threshold into an Integrated Pest Management program. After a moderate resurgence 2 years later, pesticide use further declined with no pesticides applied against this pest in the past 7 years. Cost and pesticide use decreased from $6,795 and 55,000 L (14,300 gal) in 1986 to $877 and 7,800 L (2,028 gal) in 1988 and no cost since 1999.

scholarly journals Comparative Potential of Different Botanicals and Synthetic Insecticides and Their Economics Against Leucinodes Orbonalis in Eggplant

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Sharma Kumar ◽  
Haseeb Masarrat ◽  
Qamar Muntaha
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Leucinodes Orbonalis ◽  
Cultural Methods

Comparative Potential of Different Botanicals and Synthetic Insecticides and Their Economics Against Leucinodes Orbonalis in Eggplant The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of two botanicals viz; ozoneem and neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) and three chemical insecticides viz; imidacloprid, alphamathrin, chlorpyriphos 50% EC + cypermethrin 5% EC against Leucinodes orbonalis, during the years from 2008 to 2009. Botanicals were tested alone and in combination with cultural practices. On the basis of the pooled means, the results revealed that three sprays of chlorpyriphos + cypermethrin @ 0.01% active substance (a.s.) in 15 days intervals was found to be the most economical, resulting in minimum shoot (2.15%) and fruit (12.95%) infestation respectively, followed by alphamathrin @ 0.01% a.s. with a highest marketable yield of 87.77 q/ha. Maximum marketable yield was received from the treatment with alphamathrin, but due to high costs involved in the use of this chemical, it took second place. Three sprays of NSKE @ 5 ml/lt. recorded a maximum of shoot (3.91%) and fruit (24.49%) infestation, respectively. However, shoot and fruit infestation was brought down and marketable yield increased to some extent, when these treatments were combined with cultural methods. It is therefore, suggested that the combination of chlorpyriphos 50% EC + cypermethrin 5% EC, being the most effective and economically viable insecticide, can be utilized as a valuable chemical component in Integrated Pest Management to manage the L. orbonalis in eggplant crop.

scholarly journals Considerations for Insect Learning in Integrated Pest Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M Little ◽  
Thomas W Chapman ◽  
N Kirk Hillier
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Insect Learning ◽  
Local Ecosystem ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Control Insect

AbstractThe past 100 yr have seen dramatic philosophical shifts in our approach to controlling or managing pest species. The introduction of integrated pest management in the 1970s resulted in the incorporation of biological and behavioral approaches to preserve ecosystems and reduce reliance on synthetic chemical pesticides. Increased understanding of the local ecosystem, including its structure and the biology of its species, can improve efficacy of integrated pest management strategies. Pest management strategies incorporating insect learning paradigms to control insect pests or to use insects to control other pests can mediate risk to nontarget insects, including pollinators. Although our understanding of insect learning is in its early stages, efforts to integrate insect learning into pest management strategies have been promising. Due to considerable differences in cognitive abilities among insect species, a case-by-case assessment is needed for each potential application of insect learning within a pest management strategy.

scholarly journals The Microeconomic Impact of IPM Adoption: Theory and Application

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Profit Function ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Adoption Theory ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
The Impact

This paper develops a methodology to calculate the impact of integrated pest management (IPM) on pesticide use, yields, and farm profits. The methodology is applied to the IPM adoption among fresh market tomato producers in eight states. The method is of general applicability. It accounts for self-selectivity and simultaneity, and the pesticide demand and yield equations are theoretically consistent with a profit function. The results support the notion that fresh market tomato growers who adopt IPM for insects and diseases apply significantly less insecticides and fungicides, respectively, than do those who do not adopt IPM; IPM adoption has an insignificant effect on yields and a small effect on profits.

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