scholarly journals Morphogenetic Response of Lilium michiganense to Four Auxins In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 813B-813
Author(s):  
Jim Ault* ◽  
Sandy Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
The North ◽  
Cut Surface

Shoot, root, and callus induction were examined in the North American lily, Lilium michiganense, in response to treatment with four auxins. Seed from controlled crosses were aseptically excised from slightly immature capsules and cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog basal medium and vitamins with 30 g/l sucrose, 7.0 g/l agar, and a pH = 5.7. Seed were maintained at 20 °C with a 14-h photoperiod. After 5.0-5.5 months, leaves and roots were removed from seedlings, the bulbs transversely sectioned, then the bulb sections cultured cut-surface down on the identical medium supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 μm dicamba, picloram, K-NAA, or 2,4-D. PGRs were added to medium prior to autoclaving except dicamba which was dissolved in 50% ethanol and added after medium autoclaving. 16 explants were utilized for each treatment. The experiment was conducted three times. Morphogenetic response (# of shoots produced, % of explants forming roots, and % of explants forming callus) was tabulated 4 months after treatment. Shoot formation was promoted by treatment with dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA in comparison to the control (2.5 shoots/explant). Shoot formation varied significantly in response to individual dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D concentrations. A maximum of 7.9 shoots per explant was promoted by 4.0 μm K-NAA and 1.0 μm dicamba, respectively. Root and callus formation also varied significantly between auxin treatments. Root formation was inhibited by dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D treatments in comparison with the control (100% rooting); callus formation was promoted by dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA treatments in comparison with the control (15% callusing).

scholarly journals Morphogenetic Response of Lilium michiganense to Four Auxin-type Plant Growth Regulators In Vitro

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1922-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Robert Ault ◽  
Sandy S. Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
The North ◽  
Cut Surface

Shoot, root, and callus induction were examined in the North American lily Lilium michiganense in response to treatment with four auxin-type plant growth regulators (PGR). Seed from controlled crosses were aseptically excised from slightly immature capsules and cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog basal medium and vitamins with 30 g·L−1 sucrose, 7.0 g·L−1 agar, and a pH = 5.7. Seed were maintained at 20 °C with a 14-h photoperiod. After 5.0 to 5.5 months, leaves and roots were removed from seedlings, the bulbs transversely sectioned, then the bulb sections cultured cut-surface down on the identical medium supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 μm dicamba, picloram, K-NAA, or 2,4-D. Morphogenetic response was tabulated 4 months after treatment. Shoot formation was promoted by treatment with dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA in comparison with the control (2.5 shoots/explant). Shoot formation varied significantly in response to individual dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D concentrations. A maximum of 7.9 shoots per explant was promoted by 4.0 μm K-NAA and 1.0 μm dicamba, respectively. Root and callus formation also varied significantly between PGR treatments. Root formation was inhibited by dicamba, picloram, and 2,4-D treatments in comparison with the control (100% rooting); callus formation was promoted by dicamba, picloram, and K-NAA treatments in comparison with the control (15% callusing).

Competence, determination, and meristemoid plasticity in tobacco organogenesis in vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harbinder S Dhaliwal ◽  
Nicole S Ramesar-Fortner ◽  
Edward C Yeung ◽  
Trevor A Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Organogenesis In Vitro

Tobacco leaf explants can produce both shoots and roots depending on the phytohormones in the medium. These arise directly via meristemoids (meristematic centers), which form distinct primordia and then organs. In this study it was found that shoot primordia arose from the palisade mesophyll cells at the adaxial surface, while root primordia arose from the rib parenchyma cells, near the existing vascular bundles. In studies on competency and determination, it was found that the tobacco leaf explants required 4–6 days in culture on a shoot-inducing medium (SIM) to become determined for shoot formation, while the explants were competent for rooting at excision and needed only 1 day on the root-inducing medium (RIM) to become determined for root formation. Transfer of explants from SIM or RIM to basal medium (BM without phytohormones) and vice versa supported the above findings. Transfer of explants from SIM to RIM and vice versa, delayed the timing of root and shoot formation, but not the position in the explant from which the organs arose. On transfer from SIM to RIM or vice versa, meristemoids that were already determined for shoot or root formation continued to develop, while those not yet determined were inhibited and (or) reverted to parenchymatous tissue. Thus under our culture conditions meristemoids in tobacco leaf explants are not plastic.Key words: competence, determination, meristemoid plasticity, organogenesis, tobacco.

scholarly journals In vitro Propagation of Globba schomburgkii Hook. f. via Bulbil Explants

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 701-710
Author(s):  
Piyaporn SAENSOUK ◽  
Surapon SAENSOUK ◽  
Phattaraporn PIMMUEN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Different Types

An efficient and rapid protocol for the micropropagation of Globba schomburgkii Hook. f. via bulbil explants was investigated. The long divided and undivided bubils of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. were cultured on MS medium (Murashige and Skoog) that had either 3 mg/l benzyladenine (BA) or 0.5 mg/l naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) added for 8 weeks. The results indicated that the long divided bulbils of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. showed a greater amount of plant regeneration than the undivided bulbils. Callus induction, as well as shoot and root formation, were observed when culturing microshoots of 1 cm in length on media (MS) that had Thidiazuron (TDZ) or NAA plus BA added at a range of concentrations for 8 weeks. The highest percentage of callus induction was 40 % when culturing the microshoots on MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA. The best result for shoot formation was achieved when culturing the microshoots on MS medium with TDZ added. The highest number of roots was obtained when culturing the microshoots on MS medium with NAA and BA added. The in vitro-derived plantlets of G. schomburgkii Hook. f. were transplanted to pots containing different types of potting mixture in a greenhouse. The survival rates were 80 % when G. schomburgkii Hook. f. was transplanted to sand.

scholarly journals Regeneration of Chlorophytum amaniense ‘Fire Flash’ Through Indirect Shoot Organogenesis

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-469
Author(s):  
Jin Cui ◽  
Juanxu Liu ◽  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Richard J. Henny
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Foliage Plant

Chlorophytum amaniense Engl. ‘Fire Flash’ is a popular exotic ornamental foliage plant as a result of its unique coral-colored midribs and petioles and tolerance to interior low light levels. Currently, demand for propagative materials exceeds the availability of seeds. This study was intended to develop an in vitro culture method for rapid propagation of this cultivar. Leaf and sprouted seed explants were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with different cytokinins with 1.1 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or 2.3 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Leaf explants showed poor responses in callus production and no adventitious shoots were obtained. Callus formation frequencies from sprouted seeds were 71% and 85% when induced by 9.8 μM N6-(2-isopentyl) adenine (2iP) with 1.1 μM NAA and 9.1 μM N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (TDZ) with 1.1 μM NAA, respectively. Adventitious shoots occurred after the induced calluses were subcultured on the same concentrations of TDZ or 2iP with NAA. Shoot formation frequencies from calluses cultured on TDZ with NAA and 2iP with NAA were 92% and 85%, and the corresponding mean shoot numbers were 37 and 31 per piece of callus (1 cm3), respectively. Adventitious shoots rooted at 100% after transferring to the basal medium containing 4.4 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) with 2.7 μM NAA. Plantlets, after transplanting to a soilless substrate were easily acclimatized in a shaded greenhouse under a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) density of 200 μmol·m−2·s−1. Regenerated plants grew vigorously without undesirable basal branching or distorted leaves. This newly established regeneration method can provide the foliage plant industry with a means for rapidly propagating ‘Fire Flash’ liners in a year-round fashion.

Establishment of In Vitro Genebank of Colombian Cultivars of Achira (Canna edulis Ker.)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 493c-493
Author(s):  
Luz M. Reyes ◽  
Gustavo Ligarreto ◽  
Germán Muñoz ◽  
Pilar Bravo ◽  
Edgar Valbuena
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Germplasm Preservation ◽  
Aerial Roots

Clonal propagation of an Andean tuber `Achira' (Canna edulis Ker.) is currently limited to budding. A tissue-culture system to rapidly produce clonal material would be valuable for both production and germplasm preservation. Thirteen cultivars collected at the provinces of Cáqueza (Cundinamarca) and Garzón (Huila) were utilized for the establishment of meristem-tips (5 mm) under in vitro conditions. Based on protocols reported for species of Musa sp., C. indica and Elletaria cardamomun, a complete random design was implemented with 10 treatments and six replications per clone. The analysis of variance showed no significant differences between cultivars, but significant differences among treatments. The variables measured were number of shoots, aerial roots formation, roots (relative amount), callus (absent or present) and degree of etiolation. Double disinfestation protocol was used in this study in order to reduce the degree of contamination of the explants during the culture. Organogenesis was obtained for the whole cultivars, without callus formation, with treatments 9 and 10. However the best results for shoot and root formation was detected for the treatment 10. This was constituted by MS (1/2) supplemented with 0.1 ppm BAP; 0.5 ppm IBA; 3% sucrose, and 2% phytagel. The explants were grown at 26 °C with photoperiod of 16 hours and 2000 lux. After 3 weeks the shoot formation was evident, while the rooting started after 4 weeks. Subcultures were done every 3 weeks after plantlets formation. The 13 cultivars established under in vitro conditions were placed at the active genebank of the Plant Genetic Resources National Program at CORPOICA, for their conservation under low growth conditions.

scholarly journals In vitro Regeneration, Rooting, and Cloning of Artemisia tridentata

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Barron
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Big Sagebrush ◽  
Nodal Cuttings ◽  
Wyoming Big Sagebrush

Artemisia tridentata (big sagebrush) is an ecologically important shrub found in western North America. In vitro techniques can be applied to big sagebrush for the purpose of studying gene function, genotypic and phenotypic plasticity studies, cloning, genotypic preservation, and restoration. I performed experiments to develop an indirect organogenesis protocol to regenerate whole Wyoming big sagebrush plants from leaf explants. Callus formation frequency was 88% (±4.0%) in leaf explants cultured on medium containing 0.5 mg/l BAP and 1.0 mg/l NAA. Shoot formation frequency was variable between replicates and was the highest when callus tissue was cultured on medium containing 1.5 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l NAA, 37% to 80%. I tested several auxin treatments to induce root formation and concluded the best to be 0.5mg/l IBA, which yielded 42% to 60% rooting. Taking into account all these variables, I estimate the total regeneration efficiency to range between 14% to 43% on this set of treatments. This protocol was also applied to basin big sagebrush. Callus formation was 100% in leaf explants. Shoot formation was 34% (±14.6%), but shoots exhibited a hyperhydric phenotype and were not transferred to root induction medium. The in vitro regeneration protocol developed is a crucial element that would be required to transform big sagebrush using molecular approaches. Experiments were also conducted to determine the feasibility of shoot tip and nodal cuttings to develop adventitious roots in vitro. This method can provide genetically identical material much faster than in vitro regeneration. Adventitious root formation in Wyoming big sagebrush cuttings cultured on two media types was inconsistent, ranging from 10% in some experiments to 80% in others. Limited success was achieved in nodal cuttings cultured on modified MS medium containing auxin and cytokinin 12.5% (±5.6%). No root formation was achieved in mature plant tissue collected in the field. Results indicated that genotypic influences were likely more responsible for variations in rooting than the medium or vessel conditions tested. Cloning experiments in basin big sagebrush further supported this notion. All material for these experiments came from half-sibling individuals that was maintained separately throughout the course of the experiments. Some half-siblings formed no adventitious roots on any treatments tested whereas others had high rates of formation on all treatments. Further studies, utilizing exogenous PGRs, such as auxins, may provide more successful adventitious root formation in shoot tips from both big sagebrush subspecies.

In vitro plantlet regeneration from hypocotyl explants of Stellaria longipes (Caryophyllaceae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-322
Author(s):  
Jacintha Miranda ◽  
Michele N Konschuh ◽  
E C Yeung ◽  
C C Chinnappa
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Hypocotyl Explants ◽  
Stellaria Longipes ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Regeneration Capability ◽  
Direct Shoot Formation

An in vitro regeneration protocol for Stellaria longipes Goldie was developed using young hypocotyl explants. Optimal regeneration was obtained using Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.5 µM N6-benzyladenine and 1 µM indole-3-butyric acid. Three different patterns of shoot regeneration were observed: (i) "direct shoot" formation within 3-5 days of inoculation, (ii) nodular structures appeared followed by shoot formation, and (iii) callus formation followed by the appearance of shoots. Histological observation revealed that cells within the central vascular cylinder of the hypocotyl were responsible for shoot organogenesis. Shoot production was not synchronous or uniform among explants. A more synchronous shoot production was obtained by excising the direct shoots or by wounding the nodular structures. Excision and wounding increased the regeneration capability of the explants. Regenerated shoots were readily rooted in MS medium lacking growth regulators and were successfully transferred to greenhouse conditions. These showed morphology consistence with greenhouse-grown plants.Key words: hypocotyl, organogenesis, regeneration, Stellaria longipes.

scholarly journals The effect of different biostimulators on morphological and biochemical parameters of micropropagated Hosta ’Gold Drop’

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2.) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ördögh ◽  
Zs. Beregi ◽  
A. Tillyné Mándy
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Carotenoid Level ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Length Width ◽  
After Effect

During in vitro multiplication of Hosta ‘Gold Drop’, 20 g l-1 sucrose, 5.5 g l-1 agar and 4 concentrations (0.1-0.8 ml l-1) of Ferbanat L, Kelpak, Pentakeep-V were added to half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. As compared to the control and other biostimulators, plants with lower peroxidase activity, larger fresh weight, more, longer shoots and roots, larger leaves were developed on medium containing Kelpak. The best concentration was 0.4 ml l-1 for in vitro rooting, shoot formation, plant weight and ex vitro chlorophyll, carotenoid level, peroxidase activity. Pentakeep was the less efficient biostimulator, increasing of its concentration mostly decreased root and shoot values (furthermore, abnormal callus formation was observed, as non-wanted effect), chlorophyll content and sizes (length, width) of leaves, not only during in vitro propagation but also (as after-effect) acclimatization because of the high mortality and weakly developed survivor plants.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration of popular tobacco varieties of Bangladesh from leaf disc

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
MA Alam ◽  
MR Hossain ◽  
A Hossain ◽  
R Afroz
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Disc ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Plantlet Regeneration ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Leaf Discs

Regeneration ability of five Nicotiana varieties viz., Virginia, Jati, Motihari, CC Bengal and Sumatra were investigated via callus induction using leaf discs. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. Callus formation frequency was 67.20%. Among the varieties used, Motihari induced the highest percentage (97.50%) of callus followed by Jati (92.50%) in 2.0 rng/L Kinetin and 2.0 mg/L IAA. Shoots were induced from calli cultured on the same medium. Maximum shoot formation from leaf discs was 82.50% on medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L Kinetin and 2.0 mg/L IAA. It was also revealed from this study that Motihari was the best variety for callus formation and subsequent plantlet regeneration which is a pre-requisite for vector mediated transformation for varietal improvement of Nicotiana species. The rooting response of regenerated shoots was observed by using ½ MS medium with IBA (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/L). The highest root formation was found in Motihari (90%) with ½ MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IBA. After that regenerated plantlets with plenty of roots were transferred successfully to pots and subsequently to the field. Keywords: Tobacco; Nicotiana; in vitro regeneration; callus induction; plantlet regeneration; leaf disc; phytohormone. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i1.5873Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(1) : 125-134, March 2010

scholarly journals Induksi Kalus dan Optimasi Regenerasi Empat Varietas Padi melalui Kultur In Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Callus Regeneration ◽  
Plant Acclimatization ◽  
Medium Formulation

<p class="p1">A study was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of ICABIOGRAD, Bogor, to obtain an optimum medium formulation for calli regenerations of for rice varities (Ciherang, Cisadane, IR64, and T-309). The research activities were done in five steps, i.e., callus induction, callus regeneration, shoot multiplication, root formation, and plant acclimatization. The type of explants used in the study was embriozygotic explants. Five media formulations were used for the callus induction, while four media formulations were used for the callus regeneration. The results showed that the best medium formulation for induction of callus formation was MS + 2,4-D 2 mg/l + casein hidrolisat 3 mg/l, while the best medium formulation for callus regeneration was MS + BA 3 mg/l + thidiazuron 0,1 mg/l.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document