scholarly journals (79) Direct Bulblet Regeneration from Mature Embryo: A Rapid, Efficient and Genotype-independent In Vitro Morphogenesis Pathway for Preservation of Endangered Wild Populations of Fritillaria imperialis and Fritillaria persica

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1066C-1066
Author(s):  
Manijeh Mohammadi-Dehcheshmeh ◽  
Ahmad Khalighi ◽  
Esmaeil Ebrahimie ◽  
Manoochehr Sardari ◽  
Rohangiz Naderi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Heterozygous Plant

Wild populations of Fritillaria sp. have dramatically decreased in Iran because of pest overflow and continual grazing. Previous studies have shown that Fritillaria cannot rapidly and efficiently propagate by traditional methods. In vitro tissue culture techniques have shown high potential for micropropagation of endangered plants. The use of bulb-scale pieces for tissue culture can result in the destruction of the endangered parent plant. Fritillaria is a heterozygous plant in which the genetic content of each embryo is different from others, even on the same plant. In this study, mature embryos of F. imperialis and F. persica were used as explant for the first time. Embryos were extracted from seeds and cultured on B5 medium supplemented with various combinations of BAP (0, 0.1, 1 mg/L), NAA (0, 0.4, 4 mg/L), and IAA (0, 0.4, 4 mg/L). Embryo explant showed low genotype dependency between different heterogenous and heterozygote populations of both F. imperialis and F. persica. The best response of bulblet regeneration in both F. imperialis and F. persica was obtained from 1 mg/L BAP + 0.4 mg/L NAA+4 mg/L IAA and direct organogenesis pathway, with 15 bulblets per explant for F. imperialia and 20 for F. persica. Because of the large number of embryos in a plant and their different genetic contents, established in vitro propagation by using embryo explant in this study can provide broad genetic resources and variations. As explained above, in vitro protocols can play a major role in rescuing F. imperialis and F. persica from extinction.

scholarly journals In Vitro Direct Organogenesis Using Mature Embryo With Cotyledons In Chickpea

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ali Ammar ◽  
Mahmood Ayyaz ◽  
Ahsan Irshad ◽  
Syeda Farhana Bukhari ◽  
Ghulam Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Formation ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Multiple Shoot Induction ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

The present study was conducted to find out an in vitro efficient method for multiple shoot regeneration of two local chickpea varieties. The mature embryos were excised of two chickpea varieties i.e. Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 (with cotyledon and without cotyledon) used as explants. The explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with three concentrations of (2, 3, 4 mg/l) 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) using explant with and without cotyledon. Further, 0.5 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) along with varied concentrations of BAP (2, 3, 4 mg/ l) was also tested using explant with cotyledon. 3 mg/l BAP alone and 3 mg/l BAP with 0.5 mg/l NAA were found the most effective cytokinin in multiple shoot induction in both tested varieties. Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 showed 82% and 76% elongation in shoots induction with 0.2 mg/l Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Root formation was recorded 80% and 60% in Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 with 1.0 mg/l Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Whereas, recorded root formation was 40 and 20% in Bittle-98 and Dasht-2000 with 1.0 mg/l NAA. The best response for rooting observed in Bittle-98 as its roots were thick, long and strong. Plantlets of Bittle-98 were acclimatized in solid medium for 7-14 days. The successful invitro regeneration of Bittle-98 was observed, when excised embryo with cotyledon were used as explant, made it valuable for genetic transformation.

DEVELOPMENT OF NEOLAMARCKIA CADAMBA (KELEMPAYAN) TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY OF PLANTING MATERIALS FOR COMMERCIAL PLANTATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Suhaila A. Rahman ◽  
Norwati Muhammad ◽  
Nor Hasnida Hassan ◽  
Haliza Ismail ◽  
Nazirah Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Commercial Plantation ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Neolamarckia cadamba (kelempayan) is a multipurpose and fast growing timber species. The tree is grown for timber, paper-making and as ornamental plant. It is reported that its barks and leaves possesed medicinal values and its flowers are used in perfumes. The species is also known to be suitable for plywood, packing case, toys and short-fibred pulp. Therefore, mass production of high quality planting material of N. cadamba is important to support plantation program of this species. Here we presented mass production of N. cadamba through tissue culture techniques. Nodal segments derived from in vitro germinated seeds were used and induced direct organogenesis to produce shoots and roots using MS media (1962) and plant growth regulators (BAP and IBA) that are relatively cheaper than previously used methods. The tissue culture technique of N. cadamba developed may help in ensuring supply of planting materials that are feasible for commercial plantation purposes.

scholarly journals SOME TECHNIQUES IN MICROPROPAGATION AND BREEDING OF Paphiopedilum spp.

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Hoàng Thanh Tùng ◽  
Luan Quoc Vu ◽  
Nhut Duong
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Tissue And Organ Culture ◽  
Suitable Habitats

Paphiopedilum orchids are one of the most popular and rare orchid genera sold and exhibited as pot plants and cut flowers. Their wild populations are under the threat of extinction as a result of over-collection and loss of suitable habitats. Reduction in their commercial value through large-scale propagation in vitro is a preferable option to reduce pressure from illegal collection, to attempt at meeting commercial needs and to re-establish these threatened orchid species back into the wild. Although they are commercially propagated via seed germination in vitro, Paphiopedilum are considered to be difficult to propagate in vitro, especially by plant regeneration from tissue culture. This paper aims to provide the most important techniques on Paphiopedilum propagation mainly including plant, cell, tissue and organ culture techniques applied to in vitro propagation of Paphiopedilum and to emphasize the importance of further improving tissue culture protocols from ex vitro-derived explants of mature plants.

scholarly journals In vitro Plant Regeneration of Four Local Varieties of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Grown in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Banu ◽  
RH Sarker ◽  
MI Hoque
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

In vitro regeneration system was developed through direct organogenesis from decapitated mature embryo explants of locally grown four chickpea varieties, namely, Barichhola-4, Hyprochhola, Binachhola-3 and Binachhola-4. Best response towards multiple shoot regeneration was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP, 0.5 mg/l Kn, 0.2 mg/l NAA along with double concentrations of CaCl2 and NH4NO3. However good shoot health and expanded leaf was found on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l kn. Apart from this, few experiments were conducted with decapitated embryo attached cotyledon. Using this explants highest number of multiple shoots were obtained on MSB medium containing 4× micronutrients of MS medium with 3.0 mg/l BAP and 0.04 mg/l NAA in all four varieties. Shoots regenerated on 1.0 mg/l kn supplemented medium showed good response towards rooting on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l IBA in all four varieties. It was observed that micrografting is an alternative technique to in vitro rooting in chickpea. Key words: In vitro regeneration; Decapitated embryo; Chickpea. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9047 BJSIR 2011; 46(3): 379-384

scholarly journals In vitro morphogenesis of Physalis ixocarpa Brot ex. Horm

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domitzel Zagal Alvarado ◽  
Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos Lima ◽  
José Raniere Ferreira de Santana ◽  
Alone Lima-Brito
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

ABSTRACT Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Horm. is considered the most economically important species of the genus. Tissue culture is pointed out as a strategy for its propagation, but researches indicate that in vitro responses are genotype-dependent. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro morphogenesis of the P. ixocarpa green and purple varieties, in view of the massive propagation of the species. The morphogenic capacity of the explants cotyledonary node, hypocotyl and cotyledon was evaluated in Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with benzylaminopurine - BAP (0.00, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 μM) and naphthaleneacetic acid - NAA (0.00 or 2.5 μM), using a completely randomized experimental design, in a 3 x 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with 30 treatments for each variety. The number of shoots per direct and indirect organogenesis and the percentage of explants with callus were analyzed. The in vitro morphogenetic expression of P. ixocarpa is influenced by the type of explant and by the plant regulators BAP and NAA. The cotyledonary node explant is efficient for the production of shoots via direct organogenesis in the two varieties studied.

scholarly journals The Role of Plant Growth Regulators in the Development of in vitro Flowering, Histology and Ultrastructural Studies in Impatiens balsamina cv. Dwarf Bush

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. MOHAMED ◽  
R.M. TAHA ◽  
U.N.A.A. RAZAK ◽  
H. ELIAS
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
In Vitro Flowering ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Impatiens Balsamina

ABSTRACT: An efficient protocol for in vitro flowering was successfully established for Impatiens balsamina cv Dwarf Bush, an important medicinal plant, through tissue culture techniques. Shoot, stem and petiole explants obtained from 4 week-old aseptic seedlings cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulator (PGR) were used for in vitro flower induction. Gibberellic acid (GA3), benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin) treatment singly applied in MS media (pH 5.8), could all stimulate flowering at 23-26 oC with photoperiod of 16 hours light and 8 hours dark. It was observed that shoot explants were more responsive than stem explants in floral formation. Regeneration was achieved via direct organogenesis. For shoot explants, the treatment that induced the highest rate of in vitro flowering (7.30 ± 0.16 flowers per plantlet) was 1.0 mg L-1 GA3. Ultrastructural and histological analysis of in vivo and in vitro flowers were done to discover any somaclonal variation. This research described a simple protocol for rapid in vitro flowering that will be very beneficial for further breeding, cytological and molecular biology research.

scholarly journals Morpho-histology and genotype dependence of in vitro morphogenesis in mature embryo cultures of wheat

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. 1455-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Delporte ◽  
Anna Pretova ◽  
Patrick du Jardin ◽  
Bernard Watillon
Keyword(s):  
Mature Embryo ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Embryo Cultures

scholarly journals Characterization of Wolbachia Host Cell Range via the In Vitro Establishment of Infections

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 656-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Dobson ◽  
Eric J. Marsland ◽  
Zoe Veneti ◽  
Kostas Bourtzis ◽  
Scott L. O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Cadra Cautella ◽  
Insect Rearing ◽  
Cell Range ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Infection Types ◽  
Insect Cell Lines

ABSTRACT Maternally transmitted bacteria of the genus Wolbachia are obligate, intracellular symbionts that are frequently found in insects and cause a diverse array of reproductive manipulations, including cytoplasmic incompatibility, male killing, parthenogenesis, and feminization. Despite the existence of a broad range of scientific interest, many aspects of Wolbachia research have been limited to laboratories with insect-rearing facilities. The inability to culture these bacteria outside of the invertebrate host has also led to the existing bias of Wolbachia research toward infections that occur in host insects that are easily reared. Here, we demonstrate that Wolbachia infections can be simply established, stably maintained, and cryogenically stored in vitro using standard tissue culture techniques. We have examined Wolbachia host range by introducing different Wolbachia types into a single tissue culture. The results show that an Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) cell line can support five different Wolbachia infection types derived from Drosophila simulans (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Culex pipiens (Culicidae), and Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae). These bacterial types include infection types that have been assigned to two of the major Wolbachia clades. As an additional examination of Wolbachia host cell range, we demonstrated that a Wolbachia strain from D. simulans could be established in host insect cell lines derived from A. albopictus, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and Drosophila melanogaster. These results will facilitate the development of a Wolbachia stock center, permitting novel approaches for the study of Wolbachia infections and encouraging Wolbachia research in additional laboratories.

scholarly journals Multiplikasi Eksplan Tunas Anggrek Hitam (Coelogyne pandurata Lindl.) dengan Penambahan NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) dan Ekstrak Biji Jagung (Zea mays) Secara In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Nurkapita Nurkapita ◽  
Riza Linda ◽  
Zulfa Zakiah
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Randomized Design

(Article History: Received February 18, 2021; Revised April 27, 2021; Accepted May 19, 2021) ABSTRAKPerkembangbiakan anggrek secara generatif alami membutuhkan bantuan jamur mikoriza untuk perkecambahan biji, sedangkan usaha perbanyakan konvensional memerlukan waktu lama untuk memperoleh tanaman dalam jumlah banyak. Salah satu alternatif untuk perbanyakan anggrek hitam (Coelogyne pandurata Lindl.) adalah melalui multiplikasi tunas anggrek secara in vitro. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk membuktikan pengaruh pemberian NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) dan ekstrak biji jagung (Zea mays) terhadap multiplikasi tunas anggrek hitam. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama adalah NAA terdiri dari 5 taraf konsentrasi yaitu A0 (0 M/ kontrol) A1 (10-7 M), A2 (10-6 M), A3 (5x10-7 M) dan A4 (5x10-6 M ) dan faktor ekstrak biji jagung (B) dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi yaitu B0 (0%), B1 (2,5%), B2 (5%); B3 (7,5%) dan B4 (10%). Pemberian kombinasi NAA dan ekstrak biji jagung berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter yaitu jumlah tunas, jumlah daun, dan tinggi tunas. Hasil terbaik rerata jumlah tunas pada perlakuan A4+B4 yaitu 5x10-6M NAA+10% ekstrak biji jagung. Hasil terbaik pada rerata jumlah daun pada perlakuan A2+B2 yaitu 5x10-7M NAA+5% ekstrak biji jagung dan hasil terbaik pada rerata tinggi tunas pada perlakuan A1+B1 yaitu 10-7M NAA+2,5% ekstrak biji jagung.Kata Kunci: multiplikasi; tunas anggrek hitam; ekstrak biji jagung; NAA. ABSTRACTGenerative reproduction of orchid plants it takes a requires the help of mycorriza mushrooms for seed germination, whereas conventional propagation business takes a long time to obtain large quantities of plants. One alternative to the propagation black orchids (Coelogyne pandurata Lindl.) is required through tissue culture techniques. The purpose of this study is to find the influence and concentration corn seed extract (Zea mays) and NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) on the multiplication black orchids. This research was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory Biology Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Tanjungpura University Pontianak. The study used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) of factorial patterns with two treatment factors. The first factor is that the NAA consists of 5 concentration levels  A0 (0 M) A1 (10-7 M), A2 (10-6 M), A3 (5x10-7 M) and A4 (5x10-6 M ) and the second factor is that corn seed extract of 5 levels concentratio B0(0%), B1 (2,5%), B2 (5%); B3 (7,5%) and B4 (10%). The administration NAA and corn seed extract in combination has a real effect on all parameters namely the number shoots, the number leaves, and the height shoots. The best results where the average number of shoots in the treatment of A2+B2 namely 5x10-6M NAA + 10% corn seed extract. The best results average number of leaves in the treatment  A2+B2 namely 5x10-7M NAA + 5% corn seed extract and in the best results for shoot height in the treatment of A1+B1 namely 10-7M NAA + 2.5% corn seed extract.Keywords: Multiplication; black orchid’s shoot; corn  seed extract; NAA

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document