scholarly journals A Combination of Downward Lighting and Supplemental Upward Lighting Improves Plant Growth in a Closed Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Joshi ◽  
Geng Zhang ◽  
Shanqi Shen ◽  
Kanyaratt Supaibulwatana ◽  
Chihiro K.A. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Plant Yields ◽  
Lettuce Yield

“Plant factory with artificial lighting” (PFAL) refers to a plant production facility that can achieve mass production of vegetables year round in a controlled environment. However, the high-density planting pattern in PFALs causes low light conditions in the lower canopy, leading to leaf senescence in the outer leaves and thus to reductions in plant yields. In the present study, the effect of supplemental upward lighting underneath the plants on photosynthetic characteristics and plant yield was examined in lettuce, in comparison with supplemental downward lighting from above the plants at the same light intensity. Supplemental upward lighting increased the curvature factor of the photosynthetic response to light from above the plants. Moreover, supplemental upward lighting significantly enhanced the lettuce yield by retarding the senescence of the outer leaves. Here, we propose a novel cultivation system with a combination of downward lighting and supplemental upward lighting that can effectively increase plant growth and yield in PFALs.

Plant factories - closed plant production systems.

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Multilevel Systems ◽  
Crop Nutrition ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Growing Environment

Abstract This chapter focuses on plant factories, which is an indoor, enclosed, crop cultivation system where the growing environment is precisely controlled to maximize production. Topics covered are the history and background of plant factories,advantages of plant factories, criticisms of plant factories, costs and returns of plant factories, domestic and other small-scale plant factories, crops produced including pharmaceuticals, vertical or multilevel systems, including moveable systems, crop nutrition in plant factories, plant factory environments, lighting, environmental control and plant quality in plant factories, and automation and robotization.

scholarly journals Optimal Light Wavelength for a Novel Cultivation System with a Supplemental Upward Lighting in Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Suthisak SAENGTHARATIP ◽  
Jyotsna JOSHI ◽  
Geng ZHANG ◽  
Michiko TAKAGAKI ◽  
Toyoki KOZAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Wavelength ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Plant Factory

scholarly journals Potential of Microbes Containing Formulations to Alter Growth and Phytochemicals of Medicinal Aromatic Plant- Foeniculum Vulgare

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeet Kamal ◽  
Baldi Ashish
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Sebacina Vermifera

Sustainable plant production with the integration of eco-friendly agricultural practices, low chemical inputs, minimal deleterious effects on human health and low cost methods, is the need of the moment. In this direction, scientific/industrial community, continuously exploring novel and reliable methods. Plant growth promoting microbes are proving more promising to achieve eco-friendly and sustainable agricultural outcomes. In the present study, individuals of Foeniculum vulgare, a valuable aromatic plant species with potential medicinal value, were inoculated with different plant growth promoting microorganisms: (1) Arbuscular mycorrhizal like fungi (Sebacina vermifera) (2) Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) (3) Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum). Response of individual microorganism species was evaluated with reference to the emergence, plant growth and yield of essential oil along with qualitative effects on essential oil. Comparatively, significant response of Sebacina vermifera, in the stimulation of emergence of seeds, growth of plant and yield enhancement of essential oil was observed. An enhanced synthesis of anethole (major chemical constituent) was also recorded. Moreover, the enhancement in growth of plants was dependent on the extent of colonization percentage. A periodic study of growth parameters indicates plant’s health and vitality influenced by Sebacina vermifera. The enhanced essential oil of seeds along with enhanced synthesis of anethole was in agreement with the assumption that Sebacina vermifera trigger defensive responses and hence improve phytochemical production. A mechanistic insight is also illustrated. In conclusion Sebacina vermifera possesses immense potentials in the pursuit of agro-ecological attributes of medicinal plant cultivation and crop production. It exerts excellent growth effects and enhances phytochemical production in medicinal plants.

scholarly journals The Design of a Mini Plant Factory with Artificial Lighting and Application of Environmental Conditions Control System

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1834
Author(s):  
Ali Çaylı ◽  
Emir Hüseyin Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
And Control

Due to rapidly increasing population and urbanization, agricultural lands are shrinking. However, environmental problems and pollution are constantly increasing. This poses a threat to agricultural production and food access. In order to overcome these threats, the use of fully controlled indoor production systems called plant factory is becoming widespread. The management of plant nutrition and monitor of environmental conditions is very important for production in the plant factory. Plant production is sensitive to environmental conditions. For this reason, it is necessary to make accurate measurements in order to ensure the correct climatic conditions. The high cost of control systems designed for this purpose is a problem for producers. In this study, a mini plant factory prototype and control system are presented which is developed by using open source hardware and software. In addition, the temperature, relative humidity and light measured by the low-cost sensors were compared with the reference devices and the system performance and stability were investigated.

Plant factories - closed plant production systems.

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Multilevel Systems ◽  
Crop Nutrition ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Growing Environment

Abstract This chapter focuses on plant factories, which is an indoor, enclosed, crop cultivation system where the growing environment is precisely controlled to maximize production. Topics covered are the history and background of plant factories,advantages of plant factories, criticisms of plant factories, costs and returns of plant factories, domestic and other small-scale plant factories, crops produced including pharmaceuticals, vertical or multilevel systems, including moveable systems, crop nutrition in plant factories, plant factory environments, lighting, environmental control and plant quality in plant factories, and automation and robotization.

Plant factories - closed plant production systems (CPPS).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Level

Abstract A plant factory is an indoor, enclosed, crop cultivation system where the growing environment is precisely controlled to maximise production. This control over all aspects of plant growth includes light, temperature, humidity, air movement, carbon dioxide (CO2) and nutrition. This is largely achieved through soilless (hydroponic) cultivation techniques. The term plant factory has previously included high intensity production systems such as greenhouses reliant on natural light only or natural light supplemented with horticultural lighting, as well as those utilising only artificial lighting. More recently, 'plant factory' has come to represent a CPPS (closed plant production system) or termed PFAL (plant factory with artificial lighting) where no natural sunlight is required. Plant factories may also be referred to as 'indoor vertical farms' or 'indoor vertical cropping' in the USA and other countries, based on the multi-level nature of the systems which aim to maximise growing space. With a high level of environmental control, plant factories can produce vegetables two to four times faster than by typical outdoor cultivation (Luna-Maldonao et al., 2016), and with the use of vertical systems, optimise yields per unit of floor area. In addition to higher levels of production, plant factories are becoming increasingly sustainable as less water, fertilizers, pesticides and labour are consumed during cultivation (Hu et al., 2014).

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Growth Performance, Photosynthetic Capacity, and Primary and Secondary Metabolite Content of Leaf Lettuce Grown under Limited Irradiation of Blue and Red LED Light in an Urban Plant Factory

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Md Obyedul Kalam Azad ◽  
Katrine Heinsvig Kjaer ◽  
Md Adnan ◽  
Most Tahera Naznin ◽  
Jung Dae Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Plant production in urban areas is receiving much attention due to its potential role in feeding the rapidly growing population of city dwellers. However, higher energy demands in urban plant factories are among the key challenges that need to be addressed. Artificial lighting is responsible for the most significant levels of energy consumption in plant factories; therefore, lighting systems must be modulated in consideration of the sustainable food–energy nexus. In this context, low light irradiation using blue (B) and red (R) LED was applied in a plant factory for the growth of red leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var Lollo rosso) to evaluate the growth performance and functional quality. The tested B (450 nm) and R (660 nm) light ratios were B/R = 5:1; 3:1; 1:1; 1:3, and 1:5, with a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 90 ± 3 µmol m−2 s−1. In the plant factory, the photoperiod, temperature, RH, and CO2 conditions were 16 h d−1, 20 ± 0.5 °C, 65% ± 5%, and 360 ± 10 μL L−1, respectively. The lettuce was harvested 10 and 20 days after the commencement of LED light treatment (DAT). In this study, normal photosynthetic activity and good visual quality of the lettuce were observed. The results show that a higher fraction of R (B/R = 1:5) significantly increased plant growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, plant fresh and dry weight, and carbohydrate content. By contrast, a higher fraction of B (B/R = 5:1) significantly increased the photosynthetic parameters and contents of pigment and phenolic compounds. The rate of photosynthetic performance, carbohydrates (except starch), and content of phenolic compounds were highest after 10 DAT, whereas the pigment contents did not significantly differ at the different growth stages. It is concluded that high R fractions favor plant growth and carbohydrate content, while high B fractions favor photosynthetic performance and the accumulation of pigments and phenolic compounds in red leaf lettuce under limited lighting conditions. This study will help in designing artificial lighting conditions for plant factory production to reduce energy demands.

scholarly journals Ratoon Systems in Tidal Lowland: Study of Groundwater Dynamics and the Change of Nutrient Status on Rice Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Momon Sodik Imanudin ◽  
Bakri Bakri ◽  
Raina Jelita
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Groundwater Dynamics

<p>It has been widely known that crop cultivation in tidal lowland areas in the second crop (March-April) is not conducted by farmers in a maximum way. Thus, this research aims at investigating the dynamics of groundwater and its nutrient status condition for the purpose of supporting plant cultivation in the second crop after rice planting. The study was conducted in Banyu Urip Village, Tanjung Lago Telang II, Banyuasin. The plant used in this activity was paddy, with the treatment of a ratoon cultivation system. The ratoon system is paddy cultivation by using the first paddy planting season shoots. A urea treatment was given with a dose of 0 kg/ha (control) and a dose of 150 kg/ha. The results of soil analysis showed that, although not significant, there was an increase in the nutrient status of the soil condition. Therefore, it can be concluded that fertilizing was considered ineffective for the system of ratoon cultivation. The study of groundwater dynamics showed that at the early phase, a groundwater table was dropped above 30 cm (critical) but it could increase by the rain and water retention in the canal. The average of the groundwater table during the ratoon period was at the depth of 5-30 cm below the soil surface, allowing it to be suitable for plant growth. The plant growth at B treatment was better and its production was 2.8 ton/ha. This 2.8 ton/ha plant production was classified as a high category for paddy with the ratoon cultivation system. There is no effect of the fertilizer treatment on the nutrient status in the soil. Moreover, the application of fertilizer did not give a significant result on the production of rice.</p>

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