scholarly journals Exploring the Potential of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) as an Early Crop in Florida’s Sandy Soils

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Gustavo F. Kreutz ◽  
Germán V. Sandoya ◽  
Gary K. England ◽  
Wendy Mussoline
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Nutrient Timing ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Lettuce Breeding ◽  
Butterhead Lettuce

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is planted in Florida starting late fall at the end of September and continuing through the last harvest in May. In recent years, the season has shortened because of warm temperatures and weather-related events, such as rainfall at the beginning and the end of the season. During the transition between summer production in the Western U.S. lettuce season and the beginning of Florida’s winter production, there may be shortages of lettuce and other leafy vegetables in U.S. East Coast markets. In this research, we evaluated a set of lettuce breeding lines and cultivars in both sand and muck soils and a subset of romaine lettuces to determine whether lettuce planted in Florida’s sandy soils could help meet the supply shortage in the delay between the Western and Eastern U.S. lettuce seasons. Significant genetic variation and genotype × environment (G×E) interactions were observed among lettuce genotypes when planted in both sand and muck soils, suggesting that lettuce cultivars should be adapted and bred specifically for sandy soils. Romaine and butterhead lettuce lines produced higher yield in sandy soils; a particular romaine breeding line (BG18-0588) had good yield and less heat-related disorders when planted in warmer temperatures. Producing lettuce in sandy soils may have a higher production cost because of additional specific practices such as transplant production, plastic mulch, and fertigation, but these costs may be offset by increased productivity due to better weed control and nutrient timing. However, a future analysis should be conducted to elucidate the economic feasibility of producing lettuce in sandy soils.

Differential Probing Response of Serpentine Leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), on Cos Lettuce

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg S. Nuessly ◽  
Russell T. Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Liriomyza Trifolii ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Leaf Mining ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Serpentine Leafminer

Leaf mining damage by serpentine leafminers, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae), is a major problem of many leafy vegetables especially lettuce. A hierarchy of leaf probing preference by L. trifolii on romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars ‘Floricos 83’ (FC), ‘Parris Island Cos’ (PI), ‘Tall Guzmaine’ (TG), and ‘Valmaine’ (VL) was determined. Based on stipple counts (puncture wounds in the leaf surface), L. trifolii preferred TG by an experiment-wide average of 3:1 over the other cultivars. In choice tests where L. trifolii were able to select their preferred cultivar, TG was preferred 2.2:1 to 5.5:1 over the over varieties. On 12-leaf stage TG plants, eight female flies produced means ± SEM of 664.2 ± 165.8, 1,581.8 ± 333.8, and 2,084.5 ± 242.6 stipples per plant after 24, 48, and 72 h exposures, respectively. Preference for TG was maintained in no-choice tests where TG was preferred 1.8:1 to 2.6:1 over the other cultivars. Stipple counts on FC, PI, and VL did not vary significantly between choice and no-choice tests, but nearly twice as many stipples per plant were found on TG in choice than in no-choice tests. More probing occurred on all cultivars on the youngest fully expanded leaves in the middle of the plants than on leaves toward the bottom or top of the plants. Preference for these middle leaves was more pronounced on TG than on the other cultivars. The differences in stipple rates followed the pedigrees of the cultivars tested. The character(s) preferred by L. trifolii were apparently introduced into the lineage with a cross to ‘Paris White.’

scholarly journals Phytochemical Responses to Salt Stress in Red and Green Baby Leaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Varieties Grown in a Floating Hydroponic Module

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Giandomenico Corrado ◽  
Paola Vitaglione ◽  
Maria Giordano ◽  
Giampaolo Raimondi ◽  
Francesco Napolitano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Response Models ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Harvest Strategy ◽  
Leaf Lettuce ◽  
Full Factorial

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most popular leafy vegetables, appreciated globally as a low-calorie food with bioactive compounds. The application of a low dose of abiotic stress is considered a sustainable pre-harvest strategy to modify the nutraceutical value of horticultural products. In this work, we explored the response of two differently colored (red or green) baby leaf lettuce varieties to four NaCl concentrations in the nutrient solution (from 1 to 30 mM), using a full factorial design. We focused on leaf morphological parameters and possible phytochemical enhancement of the main polyphenols and anthocyanins, analyzed by LC-MS. The response to low-to-moderate salt stress exposure was affected mainly by salt concentration for leaf traits or by the cultivar for leaf color, with very limited factors’ interactions. Multivariate analysis indicated a predominant role of the genotypic factor in shaping differences in the two weeks growing cycle for baby leaf lettuce. Phytochemically, different dose–response models to sub-optimal saline conditions may be applied to the various compounds. A significant hormetic stimulation was present only for cyanidin-malonyl glucoside, the main anthocyanin present in the red cultivar.

scholarly journals ​Effect of Mixed Crops on Soil Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Lettuce Cultivation (Lactuca sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilyana Koleva ◽  
Ivanka Mitova
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Mixed Crops ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Background: Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an annual plant with very rapid growth and a major species in the assortment of leafy vegetables. Plant parasitic nematodes are economically important pests of leafy vegetables in monoculture and intensive organic fertilization. The simultaneous cultivation of several plant species in the same area can overcome the disadvantages of crops from homogeneous crops. The purpose of this work is to determine the quantitative changes in soil nematode communities in the joint cultivation of medicinal and vegetable species. Methods: The experiments were carried out in a vegetation house. To create mixed crops, the plants the lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), cutivar ‘Bohemia’, tagetes (Tagetes sp. L.), basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) and arugula (Eruca sativa L. Cav.) were used. Result: The results of the nematological analysis showed a decrease in the number of nematodes when mixed growing of lettuce with arugula, calendula and tagetes. The mixed growing of lettuce and calendula resulted in a significant reduction in nematodes, with a Pf/Pi value of 0.3. As a result of the decrease in the nematode population, there was an increase in lettuce yields when mixed grown with arugula and calendula, compared to when grown alone. The study of plant parasitic nematodes based on comparative evaluation of different combinations of plants shows that combinations of crops can be applied as a control method in integrated plant protection systems.

scholarly journals Description of morphological characters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) genetic resources

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 113-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Křístková ◽  
I. Doležalová ◽  
A. Lebeda ◽  
V. Vinter ◽  
A. Novotná
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Lettuce Breeding

Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>) is the most important crop in the group of leafy vegetables. It is characterized by considerable morphological and genetic variation. The crop comprises seven main groups of cultivars (including oilseed lettuce) differing phenotypically; they are usually described as morphotypes. Lettuce breeding is primarilly focused on various morphological features and resistance against diseases and pests. The accurate description of lettuce germplasm provides basic information useful for lettuce breeders. The construction of a lettuce descriptor list has been stimulated by the international genebank community. This list consists of 55 descriptors with 15 elucidated by figures. It provides a tool for detailed characterization of and discrimination within the intraspecific variation of <i>L. sativa</i>, verification of old varieties, and identification of putative duplicates and gaps in germplasm collections. These descriptors, along with descriptors of wild <i>Lactuca</i> species, provide an efficient analytical tool for studying the complex morphological variability of this genus and relationships among the species.

scholarly journals Growth and yield assessment of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.): an economic feasibility and performance evaluation of capillary wick irrigation system

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Alvin John B Felipe ◽  
Jeoffrey Lloyd R Bareng
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L

The study assessed the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in order to evaluate the performance and economic feasibility of capillary wick irrigation system. Unlike any other capillary rise-based systems that uses the matric potential of the soil to dictate the amount of water to be drawn, this system aimed to continuously supply water imitating a full-time drip irrigation system but cheaper in terms of materials and operating cost. A 5 mm-width, cotton fabric strip was used as a wick material based from the results of the preliminary testing to verify several literature claims. In order to determine number of wicks to optimally supply the water demand of lettuce, treatments namely, T1= 1 wick, T2 = 2 wicks, T3 = 3 wicks and a control treatment T4 which uses manual irrigation method, were tested and compared against each other. Significant results were in terms of the volume of water applied, and the water use efficiency in which T1 showed a better performance among other treatments. However, it does not imply that T1 had produced a supreme yield output. Instead, this can be attributed to the efficient application of irrigation water to an optimal level. This means that T1 or the use of 1 wick material minimizes irrigation water losses through evaporation and percolation. An economic analysis was performed and has resulted to a return on investment of 41.92% or 41.92% of the investment cost will be returned after three cropping, which is an attribute of the particular set-up cost of the study.

scholarly journals Effect of Plastic Mulch Color on Leaf Anatomy of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Edmar Franquera ◽  
Renato Mabesa
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Leaf Anatomical Structure

Two lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) varieties (Looseleaf and Romaine) were grown with five colored (silver, red, orange, yellow, green) plastic mulches to determine their effects on the leaf anatomical structure of lettuce. The experiment was laid in a Split Plot Randomized Completely Block Design. The result of the study showed that Romaine lettuce (8.80) had a higher number of stomata compared with Looseleaf (6.73) however; in terms of stomata length the Looseleaf had longer stomata (18.63 µm) compared with Romaine (16.42 µm). More stomata were observed in lettuce grown with red plastic mulch. However, the number of stomata did not differ among the various colored plastic mulches. Longer stomata were observed in lettuce grown with red plastic mulch, compared with lettuce grown with the other colored plastic mulches. The study showed that the color of the plastic mulch had a significant effect on the leaf anatomy of lettuce and red plastic mulch could be used to enhance the length of the stomata which may affect the growth of the lettuce.

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