scholarly journals Improving Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer Use Efficiency for Florida's Horticultural Crops

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Obreza ◽  
Jerry B. Sartain
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Florida's citrus (Citrus spp.), vegetable, and turfgrass industries must improve nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer use efficiency to remain sustainable in an era of emerging environmental policies designed to protect water quality. Producers have traditionally used water-soluble N and P fertilizers because they are plentiful and economical. Improving nutrient use efficiency (NUE) is being addressed through implementation of best management practices (BMPs) such as nutrient management planning, proper fertilizer material selection, better application timing and placement, and improved irrigation scheduling. Emerging technology that will aid in this effort includes increased use of enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs), organic soil amendments, fertigation, and foliar fertilization. However, any new technology shown to improve NUE must be economically feasible before it can be considered a BMP. Future research in this area will aim to improve the economics of EEFs and precision fertilizer application.

scholarly journals Keeping Water and Nutrients in the Florida Citrus Tree Root Zone

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Obreza ◽  
Arnold Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
N Budget ◽  
Citrus Grove ◽  
Florida Citrus

Florida citrus (Citrus spp.) producers must improve water and nutrient use efficiency to remain sustainable as they face increasing urbanization, plant disease, and environmental awareness. Producers have traditionally used water-soluble nitrogen (N) and phosphorus fertilizer sources with calendar-based irrigation, but they are slowly integrating enhanced efficiency fertilizers into nutrient management plans and converting to sensor or evapotranspiration-based irrigation scheduling. Recent research has improved the understanding of the citrus grove N budget, which has led to development of appropriate best management practices (BMPs) that will maintain production while protecting the environment. BMPs that have been shown to decrease N loss to groundwater include applying the appropriate fertilizer rate, splitting fertilizer applications, converting to fertigation, and improving irrigation scheduling.

scholarly journals Water Movement through a Pine-bark Substrate during Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1432-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler C. Hoskins ◽  
James S. Owen ◽  
Alex X. Niemiera
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Use Efficiency

Regulatory and economic incentives to improve water and fertilizer use efficiency have prompted the nursery industry to seek new and advanced techniques for managing the production of ornamental crops. The development of best management practices, especially with regard to fertilizer and irrigation management, is largely based on research that looks at season-long trends in water and nutrient use. Understanding how water moves through a substrate during a single irrigation event may allow for the refinement of recommended best management practices that improve water and fertilizer use efficiency in container-grown plant production systems. Therefore, a study was conducted to characterize the movement of irrigation water at three growth stages [4, 9, and 17 weeks after transplanting (WAT)] throughout the production cycle of Ilex crenata Thunb. ‘Bennett’s Compactum’ that were container-grown in a bark-based substrate alongside fallow (i.e., without a plant) containers. Tensiometers were placed at three horizontal insertion depths and three vertical heights throughout the substrate profile to detect changes in matric potential (ψ; kPa), during individual irrigations. At 4 WAT, the pre-irrigation ψ in the upper substrate profile was 12.3 times more negative (i.e., drier) than the substrate near the container’s base and 6.0 times more negative than the middle of the container. This gradient was decreased at 9 and 17 WAT as roots grew into the lower portion of the substrate profile. On average, water began to drain from the base of containers 59.9 s ± 1.0 se and 35.7 s ± 1.3 se after irrigation commencement for fallow containers and plant-containing treatments, respectively, indicating channeling through the substrate of plant-containing treatments. A pattern of plant water uptake by roots induced a gradient in the substrate’s pre-irrigation moisture distribution, where portions of the substrate profile were relatively dry where plant roots had taken up water. Consequently, the application of water or fertilizer (i.e., fertigation) through irrigation has the potential to be highly inefficient if applied under dry substrate conditions where channeling may occur. Therefore, water application using cyclic irrigation or substrate moisture content (MC) thresholds (not letting MC fall below an undetermined threshold where channeling may occur) may improve water application efficiency. Furthermore, fertigation should occur when the substrate MC in the upper portion of the container is higher than the pre-irrigation MCs observed in this study to minimize the occurrence of channeling. The effect of root growth should also be taken into account when seeking the proper balance between pre-irrigation substrate MC and irrigation application rate to reduce the risk of unwanted channeling.

scholarly journals Performance of Mulching and Fertigation on Nutrient Uptake and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) for Seed Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
N. S. Nagegowda ◽  
S. Shankar Hebbar ◽  
V.M. Shilpashree
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Npk Uptake ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Application of water soluble fertilizer @ T4-150:75:150 NPK kg/ha through fertigation either with mulch (14.05q/ha) or non-mulch (11.83q/ha) recorded significantly higher seed yield than fertilization through soil application (9.92 q/ha). The increased seed yield of 16.91 and 10.14 per cent was noticed in fertigation with mulch or without mulch treatment over soil application, respectively. NPK fertigation @150:75:150kg per ha with mulch (T4) resulted in higher NPK uptake in stem (63.49, 14.12&121.42 kg/ha), leaves (117.65 19.42&122.43 kg/ha) and in fruits (146.79 28.05&162.66 kg/ha), respectively than the fertilizer applied through soil at harvest. Maximum fertilizer use efficiency and water use efficiency were recorded in the treatment with integrated application of fertigation and mulch.

scholarly journals Effect of Fertigation on Yield, Fertilizer Use Efficiency and Economics in Hybrid Ridge Gourd

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
H. C. Ananda Murthy ◽  
A. K. Nair ◽  
D. Kalaivanan ◽  
M. Anjanappa ◽  
S. Shankara Hebbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field Investigation was carried out to study the effect of fertigation on yield, fertilizer use efficiency and economics of hybrid ridge gourd [Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb] Arka Vikram during 2018-2019 at Vegetable Research Block of ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design having eight treatments and three replications. The results of the experiment revealed   that   the  treatment  T3    i.e  application of water soluble  fertilizers @ 150:90:150  kg  NPK  ha-1 through fertigation recorded maximum number of female flower per vine (29.73), number of fruits per vine (19.68), fruit length (49.76 cm), fruit girth (18.40 cm), average fruit weight (454.03 g), fruit yield per vine (4.03 kg) and fruit yield per hectare (53.73 t). Application of water soluble fertilizers @ 150:90:150 kg NPK ha-1 through fertigation (T3) recorded significantly higher fruit yield per hectare (53.73 t ha-1), which was higher to the tune of 23.8 to 70.4 per cent than other treatments tested in hybrid ridge gourd. The second highest fruit yield was obtained with T2 (43.40 t ha-1) followed by T1 (42.10 t ha-1). However, T5 i.e application of water soluble fertilizers @ 50:30:50 kg NPK ha-1 resulted in highest fertilizer use efficiency (245.38 kg yield kg-NPK-1) compared to other treatments. Fertigation at 100% NPK dose along with mulching with silver-black plastic mulch gave the highest net income (Rs.555435.0 ha-1) and B: C ratio of 2.22.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Pepper as Affected by Irrigation and Fertilization Regime

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vjekoslav TANASKOVIK ◽  
Ordan CUKALIEV ◽  
Rameshwar S. KANWAR ◽  
Lee K. HENG ◽  
Mile MARKOSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Drip Fertigation

The pepper producers in the Republic of Macedonia have used drip irrigation systems to increase yield in recent years, but more research is still needed, related to irrigation scheduling and precise requirement of nitrogen fertilizer to maximise pepper yield. Therefore, a two year experiment was conducted in a plastic house to determine the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) and yield potential of pruned pepper as affected by irrigation and fertilization regime. Four experimental treatments were applied in this study. Three of the treatments were drip fertigated (DF1, DF2, DF3), while the fourth treatment was furrow irrigated with conventional fertilization (ØB). The labelled urea with 1% concentration of a stable isotope of nitrogen (15N) was applied for determination of NFUE. The results of this study clearly showed that increased NFUE and pepper yield depend on irrigation and fertilization regime. Namely, NFUE was significantly increased with the application of nitrogen fertilizer through drip irrigation system as compared to conventional fertilization with furrow irrigation. Also, drip fertigation frequency positively affects percentage increase of NFUE. Furthermore, our results showed that drip fertigation treatments resulted in significantly higher pepper yields in comparison to conventional fertilization. Also, drip fertigation frequency at four and two days (DF2 and DF1) resulted in higher yields when compared with drip fertigation scheduled by using tensiometers (DF3). Generally, to reach acceptable pepper yield with high NFUE, we recommend drip fertigation with a frequency of two to four days combined with two main shoots of pruned pepper in order to increase farmer’s income and to minimize the environmental impact.

Tomato nitrogen accumulation and fertilizer use efficiency on a sandy soil, as affected by nitrogen rate and irrigation scheduling

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1247-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zotarelli ◽  
M.D. Dukes ◽  
J.M.S. Scholberg ◽  
R. Muñoz-Carpena ◽  
J. Icerman
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Rate ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Fertilizer Use Efficiency of nano fertilizers of micronutrients foliar application on Jerusalem artichoke

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-164
Author(s):  
Hayyawi Wewa atia Al-juthery ◽  
Sahar Fadhil saadoun
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Fertilizer Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Total Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nano Zinc ◽  
Iron Manganese

field experiment was carried out in one of the fields of plot 158 district 41 Husseiniya, township of Taliaa, Babylon Governorate, to study fertilizer use efficiency of nano fertilizers micronutrients foliar application on Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.).The experiment included 17 treatments of spraying the nano-fertilizes micronutrients of nano iron 13% Fe ,nano zinc 20% Zn, nano copper 15% Cu and nano manganese 18% Mn, single spray, dual, triple and quadruple combinations, as well as a quadratic combination of a traditional source as well as the treatment of water-only control. In nutrients content in arial parts and tubers, nutrients uptake, total uptake ,FUE,MNUE. RCBD design with three replicates, and the solutions were sprayed early in the morning after 60 days of planting and at 25, 50, 75 and 100 g fertilizer 100 L-1 Water for to spray the first, second, third and fourth respectively, and according to the recommendation by 1 kg Naon fertilizers h-1, and another 400 liters of spray solution h-1.The results of the duncan test showed a probability level of 0.05 The superiority of the single spray treatments followed by the treatment of nano (Zn+Cu+Fe+Mn) in micronutrients content of arial parts and tubers of zinc, copper, iron, manganese and total uptake, While achieved the nutrient use efficiency of nano-zinc, nano-copper, nano-iron and nano-manganese (93.10, 85.00, 99.00 and 85.50%) sequentially. For individual spray treatments and (91.60, 81.30, 91.85, and 83.40%) sequentially for the treatment of nano spray common quartet (Zn + Cu + Fe + Mn).

scholarly journals Florida Commercial Horticultural Production: Constraints Limiting Water and Nutrient Use Efficiency

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D. Stanley ◽  
Gurpal Toor
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Potential Use

Application of water and nutrients for horticultural production in Florida can be accomplished through many different methods. Often, the irrigation system that is used determines the potential use efficiency for both water and nutrients. Producers face many constraints, real and perceived, that affect management decisions. This article provides an overview of many of the constraints that are encountered and identifies those management practices that are most effective for overcoming these constraints with respect to commonly used irrigation systems. These constraints include those related to irrigation system design and capabilities, soil factors, cultural practices, management intensity, and economic and regulatory conditions. Ultimately, the goal of this discussion is to determine where future research efforts should be focused and what critical issues may be on the horizon that may affect the Florida horticultural industry.

Field Measurements and Simulation of Nitrogen Fate under Citrus Production

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 498c-498
Author(s):  
A. Fares ◽  
A.K. Alva ◽  
S. Paramasivam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Citrus Production

Water and nitrogen (N) are important inputs for most crop production. The main objectives of nitrogen best management practices (NBMP) are to improve N and water management to maximize the uptake efficiency and minimize the leaching losses. This require a complete understanding of fate of N and water mass balance within and below the root zone of the crop in question. The fate of nitrogen applied for citrus production in sandy soils (>95% sand) was simulated using a mathematical model LEACHM (Leaching Estimation And Chemistry Model). Nitrogen removal in harvested fruits and storage in the tree accounted the major portion of the applied N. Nitrogen volatilization mainly as ammonia and N leaching below the root zone were the next two major components of the N mass balance. A proper irrigation scheduling based on continuous monitoring of the soil water content in the rooting was used as a part of the NBMP. More than 50% of the total annual leached water below the root zone was predicted to occur in the the rainy season. Since this would contribute to nitrate leaching, it is recomended to avoid N application during the rainy season.

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