scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Goss's Wilt in Sweet Corn

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. Treat ◽  
W.F. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Sums Of Squares ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Field Corn

Goss's wilt is a bacterial wilt and blight that may cause yield losses up to 50% or greater in sweet corn. Ten hybrids from a diallel cross of five sweet corn (Zea mays L.) inbreds were analyzed for resistance to Goss's wilt (Corynebacterium michiganense ssp. nebraskense Schuster, Hoff, Mandel, and Lazar) in 1987 and 1988. The inbreds used to make the diallel were widely used historically and were chosen on the basis of adaptation and relative maturity. Three hybrids were resistant and seven intermediate, while the field corn controls were extremely susceptible. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) sums of squares accounted for 94% and 6% of the variation among crosses, respectively. GCA was highly significant (P ≤ 0.01), while SCA was nonsignificant. Year differences were nonsignificant, but date of rating and hybrid × year interaction effects were significant (P 0.05). Resistance to Goss's wilt is available in sweet corn, and recurrent selection should be effective if improvement in resistance is desired.

Inheritance of Resistance to Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum in Six Virginia-type Peanut Lines1,3

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia L. Kornegay ◽  
M. K. Beute ◽  
J. C. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Cercospora Arachidicola ◽  
Cercosporidium Personatum ◽  
Leaf Spots

Abstract The inheritance of resistance to two cercospora leaf-spots, Cercospora arachidicola (early leafspot) and Cercosporidium personatum (late leafspot) in Virginia-type peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), was determined using F1 and F2 generations and parental lines from a six parent diallel cross under natural field conditions. Two techniques for rating disease severity were employed. General combining ability, determined from both rating techniques, was significant for both F1 and F2 generations, indicating that resistance to both fungi and tolerance to infection i. e., minimal leaf defoliation, was primarily due to additive genetic effects. The six parents produced offspring with different levels of resistance to both fungi. From the estimates of general combining ability effects, only NC-GP 343 and NC 5 produced progeny resistant to both early and late leaf-spot. NC 3033 was resistant to early leafspot, but susceptible to late leafspot. NC-Ac 3139, Florigiant and NC 2 were resistant to late leafspot, but susceptible to early leaf-spot. Disease indices ranked NC 3033 and NC-GP 343 as, overall, the most resistant of the six lines and the most useful to include in a cercospora leafspots resistance breeding program.

scholarly journals Cultivar Heterosis between Sweet and Spanish Field Corn

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Revilla ◽  
Pablo Velasco ◽  
María Isabel Vales ◽  
Rosa Ana Malvar ◽  
Amando Ordás
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Northwestern Spain ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Synthetic Cultivars

Field corn (Zea mays L. var. mays) cultivar heterosis could improve sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa Bonaf) heterotic patterns. Two Spanish field corn (Su) and two sweet corn (su) heterotic patterns have been reported previously. The objective of this study was to determine which sweet × field corn crosses could be used to improve sweet corn heterotic groups. A diallel among three sweet corn cultivars (`Country Gentleman', `Golden Bantam', and `Stowell's Evergreen') that are representative of the variability among modern sweet corn cultivars, and three field corn synthetic cultivars [`EPS6(S)C3', `EPS7(S)C3', and `EPS10'] representing the heterotic patterns involving Spanish field corn, was evaluated for 2 years at two locations in northwestern Spain. Differences in heterosis effects (hjj') and average heterosis (h) were significant for all traits except grain moisture. Differences for cultivar heterosis (hj) and specific heterosis (sjj') were significant for grain yield, plant height, and kernel row number. `EPS6(S)C3' had lower sjj' for yield in crosses to `Golden Bantam' than to `Stowell's Evergreen', while `EPS7(S)C3' had higher sjj' in crosses to `Golden Bantam' than to `Stowell's Evergreen'. The best crosses to establish enhanced sweet corn heterotic patterns involving Spanish maize would be `Golden Bantam' × `EPS6(S)C3' and `Stowell's Evergreen' × `EPS7(S)C3'. New sugary 1 cultivars would require preliminary cycles of intrapopulational recurrent selection for agronomic performance and flavor prior initiating an interpopulational recurrent selection program to enhance heterosis.

scholarly journals Heterotic Patterns among Open-pollinated Sweet Corn Cultivars

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Revilla ◽  
W.F. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
Significant Yield

Heterotic patterns in sweet corn are weakly defined. Most sweet corn inbreds are descended from three open-pollinated cultivars: `Golden Bantam', Stowell's Evergreen', and `Country Gentleman'. Heterotic and phylogenetic relationships among these three cultivars and others are not clearly known. This investigation was designed to investigate the heterotic patterns among some historically important open-pollinated sweet corn cultivars: `Country Gentleman', `Golden Bantam', `Lindsey Meyer Blue', `Stowell's Evergreen', `Howling Mob', and `Pease Crosby'. The 15 possible hybrids from the diallel cross plus the 6 parents were grown in midspring and late summer plantings. Heterosis and combining ability effects were estimated for 13 traits. Hybrid × planting date interactions were significant for most of the main traits, hence, planting dates were analyzed separately. Average midparent heterosis for grain yield was 29.17% in the first planting date and 57.04% in the second planting. Midparent heterosis for yield and plant height were highest for hybrids with `Country Gentleman' as a parent. `Stowell's Evergreen' when crossed to `Pease Crosby', `Lindsey Meyer, and `Golden Bantam' exhibited high heterosis. The two late-maturity cultivars `Country Gentleman' and `Stowell's Evergreen' had higher general combining ability than the four early-maturity cultivars for most traits. Specific combining ability was seldom significant. Yield of `Country Gentleman' hybrids averaged over all crosses and planting dates was the highest. These data indicate a strong heterotic pattern—`Country Gentleman' × `Pease Crosby', `Golden Bantam', and `Lindsey Meyer Blue'—and a weaker one—`Stowell's Evergreen' × `Pease Crosby', `Golden Bantam', and `Lindsey Meyer Blue'.

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

Influence of Density on Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Interference in Field Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Z. Ghosheh ◽  
David L. Holshouser ◽  
James M. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

Experiments were conducted from 1990 to 1994 to investigate the density-dependent effects of rhizome and seedling johnsongrass on the magnitude of full-season interference in field corn. Corn grain yield was decreased as rhizome johnsongrass density increased. A maximum density of 3 rhizome johnsongrass plants 9.8 m−1of row was considered critical to avoid yield losses above 5% of full-season weed-free corn. Interference of johnsongrass plants originating from seed and growing at densities up to 128 plants 9.8 m−1of row did not affect grain yield. Seedling johnsongrass plants growing at a constant density of 9.8 plants m−1of row did not affect yield from corn planted at five densities.

In-Furrow Terbufos Reduces Field and Sweet Corn (Zea mays) Tolerance to Nicosulfuron

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy A. Morton ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
Douglas A. Landis ◽  
William E. Lueschen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Previously Treated

Field experiments were conducted in Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin in 1990 to explore interactions between nicosulfuron applied POST and terbufos insecticide at 0.06 or 0.11 g ai/m of row applied in-furrow on ‘Pioneer 3751’ field corn and ‘Jubilee’ sweet corn. Nicosulfuron at 0, 70, and 140 g ai/ha plus nonionic surfactant and 28% nitrogen fertilizer was applied to both corn types. Field corn response to nicosulfuron and terbufos was similar at all locations, whereas sweet corn injury varied with location. Nicosulfuron injured field corn more when applied at the four-leaf than the three-leaf stage. Injury to both corn types increased as nicosulfuron rate increased or when applied following terbufos. Nicosulfuron at 140 g/ha without terbufos did not reduce yield of either corn type; however, corn previously treated in-furrow with terbufos reduced yield.

COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS IN THE CULTIVATED STRAWBERRY

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. S. SPANGELO ◽  
R. WATKINS ◽  
C. S. HSU ◽  
S. O. FEJER
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

General and specific combining abilities were analyzed for total, marketable, early, and late yield, and for flower stalk number in a diallel cross of eight strawberry cultivars. Data were recorded from individual seedlings restricted to two runner plants, thereby eliminating variability resulting from differences in plant density. General and specific combining abilities for the five characters were highly significant. Estimates of general combining ability effects taken alone were, in general, of little value in predicting the order of desirability of individual crosses.

scholarly journals Evaluation of inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) through line × tester method

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683
Author(s):  
MN Amin ◽  
M Amiruzzaman ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
MR Ali
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range

Maize inbred lines were evaluated by using line × tester method involving 11 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components through estimation of general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. The crosses with high sca effect for grain yield were evolved from high × low general combiner parents which reveled additive × dominance type of gene action. The cross combinations 9MS4-1 × L22, 9MS4-1 × L486, 9MS4-2 × L431, 9MS4-11 × L486 and 9MS4- 15 × L431 with high positive sca effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22547 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 675-683, December 2014

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