scholarly journals Allelism Found between Two Common Bean Genes, Hilum Ring Color (D) and Partly Colored Seedcoat Pattern (Z), formerly Assumed to Be Independent

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett ◽  
Colleen Shearon ◽  
Phil McClean
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Gene Symbol ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
New Genotype ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Genetic Hypothesis

Inheritance of two phenotypes, the virgarcus pattern of partly colored seedcoats and the margo d seedcoat pattern, were studied in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) materials that segregated jointly for genes controlling the two phenotypes to test the hypothesis of allelism of two genes, D and Z. The F2 progeny from the cross j margo BC3 5-593 × t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 produced an unexpected phenotypic class, margo d, suggesting possible allelism of D and Z. The F2 also produced another unexpected phenotypic class, white seedcoat, for which the genetic hypothesis t j z was made. The F2 from the cross t j marginata BC3 5-593 × t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 provided supporting evidence for the new genotype, t j z, for a white seedcoat. Analysis of the F2 and F3 progenies of 80 random F2 plants from the cross t z virgarcus BC3 5-593 × d j (margo d) BC3 5-593 provided support for the hypothesis that the D and Z loci are allelic. Production of two different phenotypes (white vs. white with two tiny pale gray dots, one each at the raphe and micropyle) for t J/j z in two different genetic and cytoplasmic backgrounds is discussed. The F2 from the crosses d j (margo d) BC2 5-593 × j v margo BC2 5-593 and d j (margo d) BC3 5-593 × j margo BC3 5-593 segregated for d (vs. D) phenotypes, which were found not to be independent of a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker (AM10560) associated (1.4 cM) with the Z locus. Because the Z gene symbol has priority, we propose to retain Z for the locus.

scholarly journals Tight Linkage between the Fin Locus for Plant Habit and the Z Locus for Partly Colored Seedcoat Patterns in Common Bean

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Symbol ◽  
Heterozygous Genotype ◽  
Tight Linkage ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Made In ◽  
Recombination Percentage

Linkage between the Fin locus controlling plant habit and the Z locus controlling partly colored seedcoats in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was studied in the F2 and F3 progenies from the cross `t virgarcus BC3 5-593' (determinate habit, virgarcus pattern of partly colored seeds, fin tz) × `Steuben Yellow Eye' (indeterminate habit, sellatus pattern of partly colored seeds, Fin t zsel). The heterozygous genotype zsel/z produces the piebald pattern of partly colored seeds, whereas Fin is completely dominate to fin. Selection was made in the F2 for crossover phenotypes: indeterminate habit with virgarcus seeds or determinate habit with piebald seeds. Linkage calculations were based on crossover genotypes confirmed by F3 progeny tests grown in the greenhouse. The recombination percentage between Fin and Z was 1.032±0.33 map units. The gene symbol zsel is proposed, where t Z gives the expansa partly colored seedcoat pattern, t zsel gives sellatus, and t z gives virgarcus.

scholarly journals A New Allele, tcf, at the T Locus for Partly Colored Seedcoats in Common Bean

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-665
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett ◽  
Lee Brady ◽  
Phil E. McClean
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Gene Symbol ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Color Restoration ◽  
T Locus

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants with partly colored seeds and colored flowers were derived from PI 507984 in two genetic tester stocks, `2-points tcf BC1 5-593' and `2-points tcf BC2 5-593'. These stocks were produced by backcrossing to the recurrent parent, Florida dry bean breeding line 5-593, which has black self-colored seeds and purple flowers due to the genotype T P V. The crosses `2-points tcf BC1 5-593' × 5-593 and `2-points tcf BC2 5-593' × 5-593 produced F2 populations in which all plants had colored flowers. Those results, when considered with previously published work, do not support the previously reported hypothesis that the genes t Fcr Fcr-2 produce partly colored seedcoats and flower color restoration with t. The crosses `2-points tcf BC1 5-593' × `self-colored t BC2 5-593' and `2-points tcf BC2 5-593' × `minimus t BC3 5-593' produced F2 populations that segregated 3:1 for colored:white flowers, respectively. Those results are consistent with the revised hypothesis that tcf can produce partly colored seedcoats without affecting flower color. The RAPD marker OM19400, which is linked in repulsion to T, was used with the F2 populations from the crosses `2-points tcf BC2 5-593' × 5-593 and `2-points tcf BC2 5-593' × `minimus t BC3 5-593' and established that the tcf gene from PI 507984 is either an allele at T or tightly linked to T. F3 data from the cross `2-points tcf BC2 5-593 × 5-593 also support the tcf hypothesis. On the basis of the above experiments, the gene symbol tcf is proposed for an allele at T that pleiotropically produces partly colored seeds and colored flowers.

scholarly journals A New Recessive Allele at the C Locus for Seedcoat Color in Common Bean

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-899
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Gene Symbol ◽  
Recessive Allele ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Allelism Test ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Black Seeds

The inheritance of a new allele, cv, at the C locus for seedcoat color was studied in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using plant introduction (PI) accession 527774 as the source of cv. The cross PI 527774 (yellow-brown seed) x v BC25-593 (mineral-brown seed) genetic tester stock was studied in F1 and F2 progeny. An F3 selection from the above cross, designated F3 cv G b v, was crossed to 5-593 (a Florida breeding line with black seeds), and the F1, and F2 progeny were analyzed for color segregation. The second hackcross [S-593 x F1 (F3 cv G b v x 5-593)] was investigated in selfed progenies from 32 random BC2-F1 parents. Two of the BC2-F2 progenies were further tested in BC2,-F3. A third hackcross of cv to 5-593 was made and analyzed, and an allelism test of cv B V BC2-F35-593 with the cartridge huff cu BC3 5-593 genetic tester stock confirmed that cv is an allele at C. The gene symbol, cv, is proposed for the new allele because it is only expressed with V and gives a grayish-brown seedcoat. Genotypes with C/cv do not show heterozygous mottling with G B v or G b v, and there is no difference in seedcoat color between C G B v and cv G B v, or between C G b v and cv G b v.

scholarly journals New Alleles, rkcd and rkp, at the Red Kidney Locus for Seedcoat Color in Common Bean

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett ◽  
Phillip N. Miklas
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Symbol ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Genetic Investigation ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Pink Color ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
New Alleles

Among light red and dark red kidney common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties, pink seedcoat color (light red kidney) is dominant to dark red, but when Red Mexican varieties (with dark red seedcoats) are crossed with dark red kidney varieties, dark red seedcoat is dominant to the pink segregants observed in an F2 population. A genetic investigation of this reversal of dominance was performed by making crosses in all combinations among standard varieties of the four recessive-red market classes—Light Red Kidney `California Early Light Red Kidney', Pink `Sutter Pink', Red Mexican `NW 63', and Dark Red Kidney `Montcalm'—and observing segregation for seedcoat colors in F2 and F3 progenies. The data were consistent with the hypothesis that `NW 63' carries a new allele at Rk, viz., rkcd, where cd stands for convertible dark red kidney. Thus, C rkcd expresses dark red kidney seedcoats and cu rkcd expresses pink seedcoats. Also, C B rkcd expresses garnet brown seedcoats, whereas C B rkd expresses liver brown seedcoat color. Thus, we propose the gene symbol rkcd for the Rk locus gene in `NW 63'. The rk gene from Light Red Kidney `Redkloud' and `Sutter Pink' was backcrossed (with cu b v) into the recurrent parent 5-593, a Florida dry bean breeding line with seedcoat genotype P [C r] J G B V Rk. In the F2 progenies of BC2 to 5-593, the cu b v rk segregants from `Redkloud' gave true pink seedcoats, whereas those derived from `Sutter Pink' gave consistently very weak pink color under humid Florida growing conditions. We propose the gene symbol rkp, where p stands for pale pink, for the distinctive rk allele in `Sutter Pink'. The more general implications of the above findings were discussed.

A molecular marker tightly linked to P, a gene required for flower and seedcoat color in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), contains the Ty3-gypsy retrotransposon Tpv3g

Genome ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula M Erdmann ◽  
Rian K Lee ◽  
Mark J Bassett ◽  
Phillip E McClean
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Dominant Allele ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
P Gene ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Population ◽  
The Common ◽  
Gypsy Retrotransposon

In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the expression of color in flower and seedcoat tissues requires the dominant allele of the P gene. The fully recessive p allele completely suppresses color expression in these tissues, whereas in specific genetic backgrounds, the pgri allele potentiates a grayish-white seedcoat and pale violet (nearly white) flowers with two violet dots on the banner petals. As a first step to gaining a better understanding of this important gene, we phenotypically scored an F2 population segregating for P and pgri and subsequently screened contrasting bulk DNA samples with oligonucleotide primers to uncover random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments. OU32300, an RAPD marker linked in coupling phase to the dominant allele, mapped 1.3 cM from P. The core 'BAT93' × 'Jalo EEP558' recombinant inbred population was scored, and the marker mapped to linkage group B7. The segregating fragment was cloned, sequenced, and shown to possess significant homology to the Ty3–gypsy class of retrotransposons. We have named the element Tpv3g. It is estimated that about 100 copies of the element are present in the common bean genome. Phylogenetic analysis placed Tpv3g in the class A group of plant retrotransposons.Key words: common bean, molecular markers, Phaseolus vulgaris L., seedcoat color, Ty3–gypsy retrotransposon.

Development of a SCAR marker linked to the I gene in common bean

Genome ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1216-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Melotto ◽  
L. Afanador ◽  
J. D. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
I Gene

Two 24-mer SCAR primers (SW13) were developed from a previously identified 10-mer RAPD primer (OW13690) linked to the I gene, which conditions resistance to bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in common bean. Linkage between SW13 and the I gene was tested in three F2 populations segregating for both SW13 and the I gene: N84004/Michelite (1.0 ± 0.7 cM), Seafarer/UI-114 (1.3 ± 0.8 cM), and G91201/Alpine (5.0 ± 2.2 cM). SW13 proved to be more specific and reproducible than the OW13690 RAPD marker. Using different heat-stable DNA polymerases, SW13 amplified a single 690-bp fragment linked to the I gene that more consistently permitted the identification of resistant plants. In addition, the presence of the I gene was detected using SW13 in genotypes originating from different gene pools of Phaseolus vulgaris L., indicating a broad utility of this marker for bean breeding programs. Key words : Phaseolus vulgaris, SCAR, RAPD, BCMV.

scholarly journals A New Allele (Vwf) at the V Locus for Flower and Seedcoat Color in Common Bean

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Black Seeds

The inheritance of flower and seedcoat color was studied using Lamprecht line M0137 (PI 527845) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as the source of a new allele, Vwf, at the V locus. The cross M0137 cres Vwf × C v BC2 5-593 (a genetic tester stock) was studied in progeny of the F1, F2, F3, and F4 generations. The observed segregation for flower and seed colors was consistent with the hypothesis that M0137 carried a new allele, Vwf, that produced (in the presence of P C J G B) white flowers and black seeds rather than the white flowers and mineral-brown seeds produced (in the presence of P C J G B) by v. The V/Vwf genotype produced cobalt-violet flowers, the same as V/v. A test cross of F3 Vwf × t BC1 5-593 bipunctata demonstrated that Vwf is not allelic with t, a gene that can produce white or colored flowers and self-colored or partly colored seeds, depending on background genotype.

scholarly journals Inheritance of the Partly Colored Seedcoat Pattern, Bipunctata, in Common Bean

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1032-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
The Cross

The development of genetic tester stocks in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for the partly colored seedcoat patterns `bipunctata BC3 5-593' (t z bip) and `virgarcus BC3 5-593' (t z) was described. The inheritance of the bipunctata pattern was studied in the F2 from the crosses `bipunctata BC1 5-593' × 5-593 and `bipunctata BC2 5-593' × 5-593. The data supported the hypothesis that a single recessive gene (bip) converts virgarcus (t z Bip) to bipunctata (t z bip). The inheritance of bipunctata was also studied in the F2 from the cross `bipunctata BC3 5-593' × `virgarcus BC3 5-593'. The data supported the hypothesis of complete dominance of Bip over bip in a t z genetic background highly related to the recurrent parent 5-593, where only the parental phenotypes appear in the F2.

scholarly journals A New Gene (Prpi-2) for Intensified Anthocyanin Expression (IAE) Syndrome in Common Bean and a Reconciliation of Gene Symbols Used by Early Investigators for Purple Pod and IAE Syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Gene Symbol ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Test Cross ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Gene Symbols

The inheritance of intensified anthocyanin expression (IAE) in a syndrome of plant organs of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was investigated. A selection from accession line G07262, having white flowers with blue veins on the wing petals and a long, white micropyle stripe on black seedcoats, was used as the source of IAE syndrome. G07262 was crossed with three genetic tester stocks based on Florida dry bean line 5-593, which has the flower and seedcoat genotype T P [C r] Z J G B V Rk. The tester stocks were 5-593 (black seed and bishops violet flowers), t z bip bipunctata BC1 5-593 (a partly colored seedcoat), and v BC2 5-593 (mineral brown seedcoat and white flowers). Analysis of the F1 and F2 data from the test cross G07262 × t z bip bipunctata BC1 5-593 demonstrated that 1) G07262 has genotype t pmic V; 2) genotype t/t prevents expression of IAE syndrome by a dominant gene (Prpi-2) carried cryptically by G07262, i.e., T/-is required for expression of the gene; and 3) Prpi-2 may (preliminary data) express blue veins on white flowers with t V. From the cross with v BC2 5-593, an F4 selection for white flowers with red banner back and mineral brown seedcoats (due to v) was made. When the F4 selection was crossed with 5-593, analysis of the F2 progeny demonstrated that G07262 carries a dominant gene for IAE syndrome, which expresses with V/- but not with v/v. From the test cross 5-593 × G07262, a series of additional cycles of selection and test crosses (including the dark red kidney tester cu b v rkd BC1 5-593) were made, and two new two-colored seedcoat patterns were developed that have never been previously reported. In a test cross with one of them, F2 data demonstrated that the dominant gene for IAE syndrome from G07262 is independent of the C locus, and the gene symbol Prpi-2 is proposed for this IAE syndrome gene to distinguish it from the previously reported IAE syndrome gene [cu Prpi]. A gene symbol reconciliation was made for all previous work with inheritance of IAE syndrome and purple pod genes without the syndrome.

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