scholarly journals Environmental Control of Moisture Content and Viability in Schlumbergera truncata (Cactaceae) Pollen

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
And Storage

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of temperature, relative humidity (RH), and storage duration on moisture content and viability of Schlumbergera truncata (Haworth) Moran (Thanksgiving cactus) pollen. Pollen viability was assayed by the fluorochromatic reaction (FCR) test, percentage fruit set, and numbers of viable seeds per fruit. Pollen moisture content was ≈38% at anthesis but decreased to ≈12% by 1 day after anthesis and remained low (10% to 12%) until flowers senesced. Pollen viability was 85% on the day of anthesis, remained at ≈80% from 1 to 3 days after anthesis, and decreased to ≈65% when flowers began to senesce. When pollen was stored for 4 days at 21 °C, moisture content decreased to 1% for pollen stored at 1% RH but increased to 33% for pollen kept at 100% RH. Fruit and seed yields obtained with pollen stored for 4 days at 21 °C and 15%, 28%, or 52% RH did not differ significantly from those obtained with fresh pollen. Pollen stored for 4 days at 21 °C and 1%, 68%, or 90% RH produced fewer fruit and seeds than fresh pollen. Fruit and seed yields obtained with pollen stored 20 days at 21 °C and 15% or 28% RH were similar to yields obtained with fresh pollen. Pollen with ≤23% moisture content that was stored at -18 °C for ≥24 hours retained its original viability (≈85%) whereas pollen with a high (32% to 34%) moisture content exhibited low (≈22%) viability after storage at -18 °C for ≥24 hours. Pollen stored for 140 days at 4 or -18 °C and 13% to 51% RH yielded as many viable seeds per fruit as fresh pollen. Although S. truncata pollen is tricellular, it tolerates desiccation to a low (4%) moisture content and can be stored at temperatures below 0 °C.

Effects of Temperature, Light and Storage Time on the Microflora of Vacuum- or Nitrogen-Packed Frankfurters

1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. SIMARD ◽  
B. H. LEE ◽  
C. L. LALEYE ◽  
R. A. HOLLEY
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Initial Level ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Mold And Yeast ◽  
Spoilage Microflora ◽  
And Storage

Frankfurters were vacuum- or nitrogen- packaged and stored at −4, 0, 3 and 7°C for 49 d under light or dark display conditions. Effects of temperature, light and storage duration on microflora in vacuum- and nitrogen-packed sausages were then examined. Differences in number of lactobacilli, psychrotrophic and anaerobic bacteria in vacuum- or nitrogen-packed samples were not statistically significant during storage tests. Lactobacillus development was slightly higher in nitrogen gas compared to vacuum packages, but was also not significantly different. The effectiveness of nitrogen packaging on yeast and mold inhibition was significant, particularly at higher temperatures (3 and 7°C). Nitrogen gas packaging thus offers little advantage over vacuum to promote lactobacillus development, but it is particularly effective against growth of mold and yeast. Initially, the dominant flora of both package samples consisted of Pseudomonas and Microbacterium sp. but Lactobacillus sp. became the predominant psychrotrophs (85.2–96.3%) after 49 d of storage, regardless of different treatments. Temperature was the most important factor which influenced growth of the microflora on frankfurters; freezing temperatures of −4 and 0°C were an effective insurance against development of spoilage microflora in frankfurters for up to 49 d, regardless of packaging atmosphere. With an initial level of 10 to 103 coliforms per gram, there was no significant change in the number of coliforms during storage. Light had no important influence on microbial growth in frankfurters, irrespective of packaging atmosphere.

scholarly journals Viability of Pollen of Two Fruit Crop Cacti of the Genus Hylocereus Is Affected by Temperature and Duration of Storage

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Metz ◽  
Avinoam Nerd ◽  
Yosef Mizrahi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Storage ◽  
Vacuum Desiccator ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus ◽  
Compatible Pollen

Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) and H. polyrhizus (Weber) are new fruit crops of the Cactaceae. In Israel, flowers of the two species, which are self-incompatible, are hand cross-pollinated. In order to ensure a current supply of compatible pollen and guarantee good yields, we have developed a procedure for long-term storage of pollen. Pollen for storage was collected in the evening or in the morning. Its moisture content ranged between 45% to 50% in the evening and between 18% to 22% in the morning. Pollen was first dehydrated in a vacuum desiccator until the moisture content was reduced to 5% to 10% and then stored at various temperatures (+4, –18, –70, –196 °C) for 3 or 9 months, after which it was used for cross-pollination. Percent fruit set and fruit fresh weight (FW) were affected by the temperature but not the duration of pollen storage; storage at +4 °C reduced fruit set, fruit FW, and seed number more than did storage at subfreezing temperatures. The FW of fruits produced by frozen pollen was similar to that produced by fresh pollen in commercial orchards. The rate of seed germination was high (≈90%) regardless of the temperature during pollen storage.

Pollen viability in Kunzea pomifera (Myrtaceae) as influenced by sucrose concentration and storage

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Page ◽  
G. M. Moore ◽  
J. Will ◽  
G. M. Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Controlled Pollination ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
And Storage

In vitro germination of freshly collected pollen was examined for five genotypes of Kunzea pomifera in liquid media with 5% and 10% sucrose. There were no significant differences in germination level between the different sucrose concentrations for each of the genotypes. Pollen-germination levels were significantly different among genotypes, ranging from 7 to 89%. Pollen of one genotype, stored for 12 months at 4°C and 10% relative humidity, was evaluated for germination at intervals over this period, and while significant differences in the levels of pollen germination after different storage periods were found, there was no correlation between germination percentage and storage time. Pollen of the K. pomifera accession Kmt1 stored under such conditions for 370 days was used in controlled pollination with accession Kmt2, resulting in 3.4 seeds per fruit, which was significantly fewer than the 17.2 seeds per fruit when using fresh pollen.

scholarly journals Three-year-old Pecan Pollen Retains Fertility

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. Yates ◽  
Darrell Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Pollen Storage ◽  
Fresh Pollen

Stored pollen from pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] was analyzed for in vitro germination, fertilization efficiency, final fruit set, and characteristics of mature fruits. We demonstrate pecan pollen can be stored for several years and set fruit. Pollen stored for 1, 2, and 3 years at -80C and 1 year at -196C retained the capacity for fertilization. Pollen stored at -196C was more viable than pollen stored at -80C, with no significant correlation between length of storage at -80C, as judged by fruit abortions during the second drop. Final fruit set was not affected by pollen storage conditions, except for pollen collected in a season of drought. Fruit set is a more reliable indicator of pollen viability than in vitro germination. With two minor exceptions, fruits produced with stored pollen were similar to those developing after pollination with fresh pollen.

scholarly journals Potensi Penyimpanan Serbuk Sari dalam Produksi Benih Hibrida Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L) Varietas KE014

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Ekowati Nursiam Harliani ◽  
Endah Retno Palupi ◽  
Dudin Supti Wahyudin
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
Screen House

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>High pollen viability with adequate quantity determine yield of hybrid seed production. Stored pollen with high viability is expected to produce high quantity and quality of hybrid seed.  The aims of  this  research  was  to  study  the possibility  of  using  stored  pollen  in  hybrid  seed  production  of cucumber (Cucumis  sativus  L.).  The  research  was  conducted  in  Pollen  Laboratory, screen  house (SH),  and  experimental  station  of  PT.  East  West  Seed Indonesia,  Gumuk  Segawe  village,  Ajung subdistrict,  Jember,  East  Java from  March  until  August  2011.  The  research  was  started  with observation on the timing of receptive stigma based on color changes of petal and stigmatic surface every hour during which time pollination was also conducted. Percentage of fruit set and seed set from each pollination were observed. The research  was then continued with experiments conductedin the field and SH separately. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized block design with 10 treatments in the field and 13 treatments in SH. The treatments for field experiment were combination  of  storage  period  (0,  20,  30  and  40  DAS) and  pollination  technique  (1,  2,  3  times swabbing). The storage period  for SH experiment were 0, 7, 14 and 28 DAS. The treatments were repeated  3 times.  The  result  showed  that  the  stigma  was  receptive  during  07.00-13.00  h.  The viability of stored pollen 20-40 DAS ranged between 0.8-4% whereas 7-28 DAS ranged between 4.8-9.71%. Fruit set from stored pollen ranged 21.23-42.42% and seed set ranged 16.89-25.26% in the field compared to use of fresh pollen 54.64 and 59.26% respectively. As for SH the fruit set ranged 30.69-63.98% and seed set ranged 18.22-35.68% from stored pollen compared 73.56% and 80.69% from  fresh  pollen.  Reproductive  succes  of stored  pollen  in  the  field  ranged  12.82-29.29%  with averaged  of  19.89% compared  to  that  of  fresh  pollen,  whereas  in  the  SH  used  of  stored pollen resulted in 10.60-25.29%, averaged 18.89% reproductive succes.</p><p>Key words: empty seed, pollen viability, seed set, seed quality, stigma receptivity</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Viabilitas serbuk sari yang tinggi dan jumlah serbuk sari yang memadai menentukan produksi benih  hibrida  mentimun.  Serbuk  sari  yang  telah  disimpan  dan  mempunyai  viabilitas  yang  tinggi diharapkan dapat digunakan dalam produksi benih hibrida dengan mutu yang tinggi.  Oleh sebab itu penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mempelajari  kemungkinan  pemanfaatan serbuk  sari  yang  telah disimpan dalam produksi benih hibrida mentimun (Cucumis sativus  L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Serbuk Sari, screen house  (SH) dan lahan percobaan Production Farm PT. East West Seed Indonesia, Desa Gumuk Segawe, Kecamatan Ajung, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur dari bulan Maret  hingga  Agustus  2011.  Penelitian  ini  diawali  dengan penentuan  masa  reseptif  stigma  yang diamati  berdasarkan  perubahan warna  mahkota  dan  permukaan  stigma  setiap  jam,  dan  pada  saat yang sama  stigma  diserbuk.  Pengamatan  dilakukan  terhadap  pembentukan buah dan  benih. Penelitian  dilanjutkan  dengan  pemanfaatan  serbuk  sari  yang telah  disimpan  untuk  produksi  benih hibrida mentimun di lapang dan SH secara terpisah pada waktu yang berbeda. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan RKLT dengan 10 perlakuan (percobaan di lapang) dan 13 perlakuan (percobaan di SH), perlakuan yaitu kombinasi antara lama simpan serbuk sari dan teknik penyerbukan. Perlakuan pada  percobaan  di  lapang  adalah  kombinasi  lama simpan (0,  20,  30  dan  40  HSS)  dan  teknik penyerbukan (1, 2 dan 3 kali usapan kuas), sementara serbuk sari untuk percobaan di SH (0, 7, 14, 21, dan 28 HSS). Masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa masa reseptif stigma tanaman betina mentimun varietas KE014 terjadi antara pukul 07.00-13.00. Serbuk sari yang telah disimpan antara 20-40 HSS mempunyai viabilitas sekitar antara 0.80-4.05%, sementara 7-28 HSS sekitar 4.86-9.71%. Pembentukan buah dan benih di lapang masing-masing  berkisar  21.23-42.42% dan  16.89-25.26% dibandingkan  dengan  menggunakan serbuk sari segar sebesar 54. 64% dan 59.26 %. Pembentukan buah dan benih pada penelitian di SH masing-masing berkisar  30.69-63.98%  dan  18.22-35.68%  dibandingkan  dengan menggunakan serbuk sari segar sebesar 73.56% dan 80.69%. Keberhasilan reproduksi dari penggunaan serbuk sari yang telah disimpan pada penelitian di lapangan berkisar 12.82-29.29% dari kontrol dengan rata-rata sebesar  19.89%. Potensi  keberhasilan  reproduksi  di  SH  sebesar  10.60-25.29%  dengan  rata-rata sebesar 18.89%.</p><p>Kata kunci: benih hampa, mutu benih, pembentukan benih, reseptif stigma, viabilitas serbuk sari</p>

scholarly journals STABILITAS ANTOSIANIN DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN TEPUNG BERAS HITAM BERDASARKAN JENIS KEMASAN DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Nur Latifa ◽  
Nurhidajah Nurhidajah ◽  
Muh Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Factor Type ◽  
And Storage

Black rice flour during storage has the disadvantage of reducing the antioxidant content and antioxidants present in black rice flour due to improper packaging for storage so that the pH increases, the color will disappear so that the anthocyanin content will also decrease during storage. This study aims to determine the influence of packaging type and storage time to levels of anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, moisture content, and color of black rice flour. This research uses a factorial completely randomized design consisting of 2 factors: first factor type of packaging (PP and Alufo) with each thickness of 0.5 mm and second factor storage duration (0 days, 14 days, 28 days, 42 days, and 56 days) in room temperature. The results of statistical test showed that the type of packaging and storage duration influenced the anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity, moisture content, and color. Antosianin content of black rice flour at the end of shelf life on PP packaging of 5.39 ppm sample and Alufo 14.14 ppm sample. Antioxidant activity at end of shelf life in packing of PP equal to 18,6% and Alufo 24,48%. Water content at end of shelf life on packing PP 2,34% and Alufo 2,65%. The color is at the end of shelf life on the packaging of PP 8,351 and Alufo 7,568.

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