Three-year-old Pecan Pollen Retains Fertility

Stored pollen from pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] was analyzed for in vitro germination, fertilization efficiency, final fruit set, and characteristics of mature fruits. We demonstrate pecan pollen can be stored for several years and set fruit. Pollen stored for 1, 2, and 3 years at -80C and 1 year at -196C retained the capacity for fertilization. Pollen stored at -196C was more viable than pollen stored at -80C, with no significant correlation between length of storage at -80C, as judged by fruit abortions during the second drop. Final fruit set was not affected by pollen storage conditions, except for pollen collected in a season of drought. Fruit set is a more reliable indicator of pollen viability than in vitro germination. With two minor exceptions, fruits produced with stored pollen were similar to those developing after pollination with fresh pollen.

Download Full-text

Technique for In Vitro Pollen Germination and Short-term Pollen Storage in Caladium

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.2.365 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 365-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zhanao Deng ◽

Brent K. Harbaugh

Keyword(s):

Pollen Germination ◽

Large Scale ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Short Term ◽

Pollen Storage ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Sucrose Level

The sporadic nature of inflorescence production and flower protogyny in caladium (Caladium ×hortulanum Birdsey) makes it desirable to store pollen and to rapidly assess its viability for cross-pollinations in breeding programs. This study was conducted to develop a procedure to determine caladium pollen viability and to use that procedure to evaluate the effect of short-term storage conditions on pollen viability. The sucrose level in the culture medium was found to have a significant impact on the in vitro germination of caladium pollen; a concentration of 6.8% was determined to be optimal for pollen germination. Caladium pollen lost viability within 1 day under room (24 °C) or freezing (-20 °C) temperatures, but could be stored at 4 °C for 2 to 4 days. Pollen stored at 4 °C produced successful pollinations. Data obtained from large-scale greenhouse pollinations supported use of this in vitro germination assay as a convenient way to evaluate caladium pollen viability (and fertility).

Download Full-text

Effect of Pollen Genotype, Temperature and Period of Storage on In Vitro Germinability and In Vivo Seed Set in Chrysanthemum—Preliminary Study

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11122395 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2395

Author(s):

Natalia Miler ◽

Anita Wozny

Keyword(s):

Seed Set ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽

Pollen Storage ◽

Cross Breeding ◽

Pollen Donor ◽

Pollen Germinability ◽

Fresh Pollen

Among many challenges in chrysanthemum cross-breeding, the access to viable pollen for hybridization of cultivars distant in location and different in flowering time is required. Low pollen viability along with incompatibility are mainly responsible for low seed set in modern chrysanthemum cultivars. The aim of the study was to test various temperatures and periods of pollen storage of Chrysanthemum × morifolium in order to elaborate the method of chrysanthemum pollen preservation for cross-breeding purposes. In the first experiment, in vitro pollen germination of four cultivars was investigated following storage at 20 °C, 4 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C, for one, four, and eight weeks. The second experiment focused on in vivo seed set after one week pollen treatment with 20 °C, 4 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C (three pollen donor cultivars tested). Pollen in vitro germinability, as well as seed set efficiency, was generally low and cultivar dependent. Independent of the period of storage, stored pollen germinability was lower (5.30–6.63%) than fresh pollen (8.15%). Incubation of pollen in −80 °C significantly increased pollen germinability (9.80%), as well as seed set efficiency in comparison to control (19.28% and 10.21%, respectively) provided the cultivars are compatible. Among cultivars, the highest germinability of pollen was found in ‘Brda’ and ‘Donna’ (8.2% and 8.23%, respectively), while ‘Bydgoszczanka’ showed the lowest germinability (2.97%). There were also pollen genotype dependent effects in in vivo seed set efficiency, which was highest in ’Brda’ (17.57%) and much lower in ‘Jutrzenka’ and ‘Polka’ (1.34% and 0.39%, respectively), which contributed to the incompatibility of crossed cultivars rather than pollen viability.

Download Full-text

Impact of Storage Temperature on Pollen Viability and Germinability of Four Serbian Autochthon Apple Cultivars

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.709231 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Dušica Ćalić ◽

Jelena Milojević ◽

Maja Belić ◽

Rade Miletić ◽

Snežana Zdravković-Korać

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Storage Period ◽

Pollen Storage ◽

Apple Cultivars ◽

Pollen Longevity ◽

Fresh Pollen ◽

Storage Temperatures

Globalization has drastically reduced the number of autochthon apple cultivars in the Serbian market and most of them have nearly disappeared; however, some of these cultivars, such as Petrovača, Budimka, Kolačara Pozna, and Kožara, have extraordinary quality, good pomological characteristics, and pest and disease resistance. The present study was conducted to develop a protocol for the storage of pollen for further use in the conservation and breeding of these cultivars. Viability and germination of the mature pollen were tested in vitro, at four storage temperatures (20, 4, −20, and −80°C), right after harvest or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months after storage. Differences in fresh pollen viability and germination between cultivars were statistically significant and ranged from 60 to 88% and 59 to 98%, respectively. Fresh pollen of cv. Budimka showed the highest viability and germination in comparison with other cultivars, especially cv. Kožara. Pollen viability and germination decreased over the storage period, and it was the lowest after 6 months of storage at room temperature in all tested cultivars. Storage at 4°C prolonged the pollen viability and germinability of 1–5 fold, depending on the cultivar and treatment duration; however, the pollen longevity of all cultivars was significantly extended when stored at −20 or −80°C. After 6 months, pollen of cv. Budimka stored at −20 and −80°C showed 14–15 fold higher germination rates in relation to pollen storage at room temperature for the same period. The results of the present study suggest that the pollen of these apple cultivars could be efficiently maintained at −20°C and could be further used for breeding purposes, e.g., for crossings between cultivars that flower at different times of the year.

Download Full-text

(234) Aesculus Pollen Viability and Longevity under Frozen Storage

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1020c ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 1020C-1020

Author(s):

Ann M. Chanon ◽

Pablo S. Jourdan ◽

Joseph C. Scheerens

Keyword(s):

Pollen Germination ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Frozen Storage ◽

Storage Period ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Pollen Storage ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Wide Range ◽

Fresh Pollen

The genus Aesculus (buckeyes and/or horsechestnuts) is composed of 13 species and a number of interspecific hybrids. Pollen from 11 genotypes from five Aesculus species and the hybrid Aesculus ×carnea were used to develop an in-vitro germination test to evaluate pollen viability under various storage treatments. This test was optimized using samples of both fresh pollen and pollen that had been stored up to 1 year. The most effective medium contained 20% sucrose, 100 mg·L-1 H2BO3, 150 mg·L-1 Ca(NO3)2, and 1% agar. The highest germination percentage was observed at 15 °C across all storage treatments. Fresh pollen germinated in excess of 80% over a wide range of germination temperatures. Based on this, all specimens studied would be good pollen parents. The differences in pollen germination between storage at -20 and -80 °C were nonsignificant, but the duration of the storage period was highly significant. At 3 months, viability remained above 60% for four of the six species/hybrid tested. However, at 12 months, all pollen tested dropped below the threshold for good fruit set based on in-vitro pollen germination. Based on these observations, short-term pollen storage may permit crosses between parents with temporally separate flowering phenologies. However, conventional storage procedures are inadequate to maintain pollen collected from a male parent for crosses in subsequent growing seasons.

Download Full-text

Cryogenic Storage of Tomato Pollen: Effect on Fecundity

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.3.447 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 447-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Erik J. Sacks ◽

Dina A. St. Clair

Keyword(s):

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Seed Production ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Viable Seed ◽

Pollen Storage ◽

Germplasm Storage ◽

Cryogenic Storage ◽

Fresh Pollen ◽

Tomato Breeding ◽

Pollen Effect

The influence of cryogenic pollen storage on fruit set and seed production in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was investigated. Flowers pollinated with pollen samples stored for 5 weeks at –80C, with or without 20 h precooling at 4C, had similar fruit set and number of viable seed per fruit as those pollinated with fresh pollen. Pollen samples, which were repeatedly cooled (–80C) and warmed (to 22 to 24C) for up to six cycles, continuously maintained the same viability as the fresh pollen. When cryogenically stored pollen of L. esculentum 2-837, LA359, LA3198, and LA3199 were used to pollinate LA359, the number of viable seed formed per fruit differed significantly. Results of this study suggest that pollen cryopreservation can be used successfully for tomato breeding and germplasm storage.

Download Full-text

Viability and in Vitro Germination of Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense) Pollen

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-05-171.1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 23-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ian C. Burke ◽

John W. Wilcut ◽

Nina S. Allen

Keyword(s):

Suspension Culture ◽

Boric Acid ◽

Pollen Germination ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Calcium Nitrate ◽

Medium Composition ◽

In Vitro Tests ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Agar Culture

A high proportion of viable pollen grains must germinate to study the physiology of pollen growth to reduce the confounding effects of environmental influences on pollen germination. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the nuclear state and develop a suitable medium and culture method for in vitro germination of johnsongrass pollen. Johnsongrass pollen was trinucleate, and in vitro tests for pollen viability using Alexander's stain and a fluorochromatic reaction method (FCR) indicated johnsongrass pollen was viable (92.6 to 98.4%). A factorial treatment arrangement of four concentrations of sucrose, two concentrations of boric acid, and two concentrations of calcium nitrate were used to determine the optimum pollen-germination medium composition in suspension culture, agar culture, and cellophane membrane culture. Germination was highest in a suspension culture with a medium containing 0.3 M sucrose, 2.4 mM boric acid, and 3 mM calcium nitrate. Pollen germination using this medium was 78.9% when anthers were harvested just before anthesis.

Download Full-text

Ehretia pubescens Benth. with differential germinability patterns due to climate change

Annals of Plant Sciences ◽

10.21746/aps.2017.06.001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (06) ◽

pp. 1630

Author(s):

Amalaurpava Mary Michael* ◽

Gopal G.V.

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Flowering Phenology ◽

Flowering Pattern ◽

Floral Phenology ◽

The Impact

Climate change may influence the composition of plant communities by affecting the reproduction, growth, establishment and local extinction of plant species. Predicting the effect of climate change may provide insight into the impact and relationship between weather pattern and flowering phenology in long term studies. Pollen viability is one important factor of reproduction. Pollen viability is essential for a good fruit set. The study is undertaken to evaluate the influence of temperature and rainfall fluctuation pattern on floral phenology and pollen viability in the restricted distribution of the plant Ehretia pubescens Benth. Field observation on floral phenology has revealed changes occurring in the pollen viability with the change of temperature and rainfall. The plants show drought resistant; however, it is observed that it blooms immediately after the rainfall. Change in the rainfall pattern results in change in flowering pattern. On the natural habitat fruit set is a good indicating of good germinability of pollen grain in vivo. In vitro pollen germinability is less efficient for this species as supported by the data.

Download Full-text

Research on the reproductive biological characteristics of Amomum villosum Lour. and Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0250335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0250335

Author(s):

Ruipei Yang ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Wei Gao ◽

Ye Jiang ◽

Jing Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evaluation Method ◽

Pollen Viability ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Biological Characteristics ◽

High Humidity ◽

Artificial Fruit ◽

Natural Pollination ◽

Amomum Villosum ◽

And Storage

Objective To explore the influence of biological characteristics on the yield of Amomum villosum Lour. and Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu, to find an effective pollen viability evaluation method and storage method to solve the problem of the low yield of Amomum plants. Methods Five germplasm of Amomum plants were used to investigate the effects of the phenological phase, pollen viability, and stigma receptivity on natural and artificial fruit set. Results Amomum longiligulare T. L. Wu showed late flowering, and its natural pollination rate is higher than that of Amomum villosum Lour. In all germplasm, the artificial pollination rate and fruit setting rate are more than 3 times higher than that under natural conditions. Fruits begin to drop seven days after successful pollination, and the fruit drop is basically stable after one month. The hybridization verification showed that TTC method was simpler and more accurate than in vitro germination method. Optimal storage conditions for pollen are 4°C and high humidity. After 36 h of storage, pollen can still be used for artificial cross-pollination or as hybrid parents. Conclusion The special biological characteristics are the fundamental reason for the low natural pollination rate of Amomum plants. The accurate measurement method of Amomum plants pollen is the TTC method, and storage at 4°C and high humidity can increase the yield, which was six times that of the natural yield.

Download Full-text

Viability of Pollen of Two Fruit Crop Cacti of the Genus Hylocereus Is Affected by Temperature and Duration of Storage

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.1.22 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 22-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Christiane Metz ◽

Avinoam Nerd ◽

Yosef Mizrahi

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Pollen Storage ◽

Vacuum Desiccator ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Duration Of Storage ◽

Fresh Pollen ◽

Hylocereus Undatus ◽

Compatible Pollen

Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) and H. polyrhizus (Weber) are new fruit crops of the Cactaceae. In Israel, flowers of the two species, which are self-incompatible, are hand cross-pollinated. In order to ensure a current supply of compatible pollen and guarantee good yields, we have developed a procedure for long-term storage of pollen. Pollen for storage was collected in the evening or in the morning. Its moisture content ranged between 45% to 50% in the evening and between 18% to 22% in the morning. Pollen was first dehydrated in a vacuum desiccator until the moisture content was reduced to 5% to 10% and then stored at various temperatures (+4, –18, –70, –196 °C) for 3 or 9 months, after which it was used for cross-pollination. Percent fruit set and fruit fresh weight (FW) were affected by the temperature but not the duration of pollen storage; storage at +4 °C reduced fruit set, fruit FW, and seed number more than did storage at subfreezing temperatures. The FW of fruits produced by frozen pollen was similar to that produced by fresh pollen in commercial orchards. The rate of seed germination was high (≈90%) regardless of the temperature during pollen storage.

Download Full-text

Pecan Pollen Stored Over a Decade Retains Viability

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.37.1.176 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 176-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Darrell Sparks ◽

I.E. Yates

Keyword(s):

Liquid Nitrogen ◽

Pollen Morphology ◽

Germ Tube ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Carya Illinoinensis ◽

In Vitro Germination ◽

Fresh Pollen

In vitro germination of freshly collected pollen and pollen stored 1, 10, 11, 12, and 13 years in liquid nitrogen was examined for `Desirable' pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch]. Viability of pollen stored in liquid nitrogen for 1, 10, 11, 12, and 13 years was not diminished in comparison to that of fresh pollen. Morphology of stored pollen grains and the germ tube was normal. Thus, liquid nitrogen may offer a means of haploid preservation of pecan.

Download Full-text