Effects of Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing on Salivary Lysozyme, Mood States and Running Performance Among Recreational Runners

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in mood during exercise. Twenty recreational runners were administered the instrument, Profile of Mood States, at 5, 15, 25, and 35 minutes during a 40-minute treadmill run. Half of the sample ran at 65% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate and half ran at 85% of their age-predicted maximum heart rate. An additional 10 runners were assessed during an equivalent period of quiet reading. Analysis by a series of 2-way Repeated Measures ANOVAs with post hoc tests revealed that mood did not change during the condition in which participants ran at 65% of their maximum heart rate. During the run conducted at 85% of maximum heart rate, levels of fatigue were significantly higher, relative to prerun levels, by 15 minutes into the run and remained elevated at each of the subsequent assessment points (at 25 and 35 minutes and 10 minutes following the run). No alterations in mood were reported during the control condition. It was also noteworthy that mood was generally more negative at the assessment designed to familiarise participants with the testing procedure than it was at the later precondition (baseline) assessment. The present findings supported reports linking negative mood with demanding physical activity and emphasised the importance of using a familiarisation assessment of mood prior to preexercise measures.

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Caffeine has a small effect on 5-km running performance of well-trained and recreational runners

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.jsams.2006.12.118 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 231-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Matthew P. O’Rourke ◽

Brendan J. O’Brien ◽

Wade L. Knez ◽

Carl D. Paton

Keyword(s):

Running Performance ◽

Recreational Runners

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Energy cost of running instability evaluated with wearable trunk accelerometry

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00429.2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 124 (2) ◽

pp. 462-472

Author(s):

Kurt H. Schütte ◽

Saint Sackey ◽

Rachel Venter ◽

Benedicte Vanwanseele

Keyword(s):

Root Mean Square ◽

Sample Entropy ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Energetic Cost ◽

Mean Square ◽

Endurance Running ◽

Running Performance ◽

Trunk Acceleration ◽

Recreational Runners ◽

Endurance Running Performance

Maintaining stability under dynamic conditions is an inherent challenge to bipedal running. This challenge may impose an energetic cost (Ec) thus hampering endurance running performance, yet the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Wireless triaxial trunk accelerometry is a simple tool that could be used to unobtrusively evaluate these mechanisms. Here, we test a cost of instability hypothesis by examining the contribution of trunk accelerometry-based measures (triaxial root mean square, step and stride regularity, and sample entropy) to interindividual variance in Ec (J/m) during treadmill running. Accelerometry and indirect calorimetry data were collected concurrently from 30 recreational runners (16 men; 14 women) running at their highest steady-state running speed (80.65 ± 5.99% V̇o2max). After reducing dimensionality with factor analysis, the effect of dynamic stability features on Ec was evaluated using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Three accelerometry-based measures could explain an additional 10.4% of interindividual variance in Ec after controlling for body mass, attributed to anteroposterior stride regularity (5.2%), anteroposterior root mean square ratio (3.2%), and mediolateral sample entropy (2.0%). Our results lend support to a cost of instability hypothesis, with trunk acceleration waveform signals that are 1) more consistent between strides anteroposterioly, 2) larger in amplitude variability anteroposterioly, and 3) more complex mediolaterally and are energetically advantageous to endurance running performance. This study shows that wearable trunk accelerometry is a useful tool for understanding the Ec of running and that running stability is important for economy in recreational runners. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study evaluates and more directly lends support to a cost of instability hypothesis between runners. Moreover, this hypothesis was tested using a minimalist setup including a single triaxial trunk mounted accelerometer, with potential transferability to biomechanical and performance analyses in typical outdoor settings.

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Effects of Two High-intensity Interval Training Concepts in Recreational Runners

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-0964-0155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (10) ◽

pp. 639-644 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emanuela Faelli ◽

Vittoria Ferrando ◽

Ambra Bisio ◽

Mara Ferrando ◽

Antonio La Torre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Subjective Perception ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Running Performance ◽

Recreational Runners ◽

High Intensity Interval

AbstractThis study investigated the effects induced by 8 weeks of two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols, 10–20–30 and 30–30 concepts, characterized by significantly different training volume and intensity, on physiological parameters, running performance, body composition and psychophysiological stress of recreational divided into two groups: the 10–20–30 group performed two 10–20–30 sessions/wk and one continuous training (CT)/wk, whilst the 30–30 group performed two 30–30 sessions/wk and one CT session/wk. VO2max, 1 km time, maximal aerobic speed (MAS), and body composition were evaluated before and after intervention. Internal load was measured through rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Both groups significantly improved running performance (1 km time: p=0.04; MAS: p=0.000001), aerobic fitness (VO2max: p=0.000002) and body composition (lean mass (kg) p=0.0001; fat mass (%) p=0.00005). RPE resulted significantly lower in the 10–20–30 group than in 30–30 group (10–20–30: 13.36±0.28; 30–30:15.55±0.21; p=0.0002). Thus, the 10–20–30 group improved physiological parameters, performance and body composition, similar to 30–30 with significantly lower RPE values. These results suggest that in recreational runners the 10–20–30 training is effective in improving aerobic fitness and performance, with a lower subjective perception of effort, thus enhancing individual compliance and adherence to the prescribed training program.

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