Optimizing Soybean Plant Population for a Short-Season Production System in the Southern USA

Crop Science ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind A. Ball ◽  
Larry C. Purcell ◽  
Earl D. Vories
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Short Season

Plant population and hybrid considerations for dryland corn production on drought-susceptible soils

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Miller ◽  
B. L. Vasilas ◽  
R. W. Taylor ◽  
T. A. Evans ◽  
C. M. Gempesaw
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Seasonal Precipitation ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Difficult Decision ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Key Words Maize ◽  
Short Season

Selection of a target population for dryland corn (Zea mays) production on drought-susceptible soils is a difficult decision, as a stand appropriate for drought conditions may not fully utilize the environment during a non-stress year. One possible management strategy is to use a low seeding rate and hybrids with ear characteristics that promote yield stability over a range of environments and plant populations. To evaluate this strategy, a 2-yr field study was conducted on a Rumford loamy sand. The performance of four hybrids — 1) full season, flexible ear; 2) short season, flexible ear; 3) full season, prolific; and 4) short season, prolific — was evaluated at four populations — 29 600, 39 500, 49 400, and 59 300 plants ha−1 — in two different growing seasons. Seasonal precipitation in 1988 was 14 cm below the average of 50 cm; 1989 seasonal precipitation was 37 cm above average. Average grain yields were 40% lower in 1988 than in 1989, and the yield loss was due primarily to a decrease in ear size. All hybrids demonstrated the ability to compensate for changes in population in 1988. Averaged across years, highest yields were produced with the two highest populations. The full-season, prolific hybrid was the most productive at every population. Key words: Maize, Zea mays, genotype × environment interactions, plant population, prolificacy, ear size

Genetic Improvement Rates of Short‐Season Soybean Increase with Plant Population

Crop Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elroy R. Cober ◽  
Malcolm J. Morrison ◽  
Baoluo Ma ◽  
Gail Butler
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Short Season

Evaluation of an Integrated Short-Season Management Production System for Cotton1

1979 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Heilman ◽  
L. N. Namken ◽  
J. W. Norman ◽  
M. J. Lukefahr
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Short Season

Effect of Pyroxasulfone Application Timing and Rate on Soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O. Stephenson ◽  
David C. Blouin ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Randall L. Landry ◽  
Brandi C. Woolam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Delayed Emergence ◽  
Leaf Necrosis

Weed-free field experiments were conducted to evaluate soybean injury, growth, and yield following PRE or POST pyroxasulfone application. Soybean was injured 1 and 15% following pyroxasulfone PRE and POST application, respectively, 7 d after treatment (DAT). Injury following PRE and POST application was observed as delayed emergence and leaf necrosis and crinkling, respectively. Injury ranged from 0 to 6% following both application timings 14 and 28 DAT. Soybean was injured 5% or less following 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 g ha−1 of pyroxasulfone. Soybean plant population, height, and yield were not affected by pyroxasulfone application timing. Only 300 g ha−1 of pyroxasulfone reduced soybean plant population to 90% of the nontreated 30 d after PRE. Pyroxasulfone rate did not influence soybean heights and yield. Data indicates that pyroxasulfone can safely be applied to soybean without a detrimental effect on plant growth or yield.

Understanding Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) responses to defoliation in Uruguay

2012 ◽  
pp. 143-145
Author(s):  
W. Ayala ◽  
E. Barrios ◽  
R. Bermúdez ◽  
N. Serrón
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Species Persistence ◽  
Treatment Frequency ◽  
Defoliation Treatment ◽  
Over Time

This trial provided information about the effects of defoliation intensity and frequency on the productivity and plant population of a plantain pasture. Despite the restrictions in plantain management, the focus is to promote its use as specialised pasture for specific purposes. Maximum herbage production was 10.9 t DM/ha/year for a frequent and severely defoliation treatment. Frequency of defoliation affected productivity at different times, mainly in spring (P=0.0013), production being promoted by frequent defoliation intervals (21 days). Plant population was affected by defoliation strategies during the year, being promoted by infrequent and lightly defoliation regimes. Previous results showed that the effects of intense defoliation increased over time, reducing plant size and density. The understanding of plantain response to defoliation regimes will contribute to increased outputs of plantain pastures and extend species persistence, and allow management strategies to be defined according to the production system. Keywords: defoliation, intensity, frequency, population

Plant Population Density and Maturity Effects on Profitability of Short-Season Maize Production in the Midsouthern USA

2006 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 760-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Popp ◽  
Jeff Edwards ◽  
Patrick Manning ◽  
Larry C. Purcell
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Plant Population Density

scholarly journals Maize-soybean intercrop silage yield and quality with different nitrogen levels and plant population

2021 ◽  
pp. 851-858
Author(s):  
Vanderson Vieira Batista ◽  
Paulo Fernando Adami ◽  
Karine Fuschter Oligini ◽  
Carlos Andre Barhy ◽  
Laércio Ricardo Sartor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Maize Plant ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Maize Plants

This study hypothesizes that maize-soybean intercrop with lower maize plant population and nitrogen levels can allow better soybean development and yield, which may offset lower maize biomass and silage crude protein yield. Experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with three replications. Treatments consisted of two different maize-soybean plant stand (40,000 and 60,000 plants ha-1) and five nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1). As a result, soybean biomass yield increased at the lower maize plant stand, although, maize and total (maize + soybean) biomass yield were higher at the greater maize plant stand. Thus, individual maize plants and total dry matter yield increased as nitrogen levels were increased. However, there was no effect of the studied factors on the silage crude protein yield per area, indicating a great potential of soybean to offset biomass yield reduction trough silage quality improvement. Moreover, since there was no difference on total silage crude protein yield per hectare, it is suggested that the adoption of maize-soybean intercrop with lower maize plant stand (40 thousand maize plants ha-1) and with lower nitrogen values is a more environmentally friendly approach to increase farmland sustainability while decreasing environmental and productivity costs. Intermediate levels may be evaluated in future studies

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