Effect of Pyroxasulfone Application Timing and Rate on Soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel O. Stephenson ◽  
David C. Blouin ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Randall L. Landry ◽  
Brandi C. Woolam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Delayed Emergence ◽  
Leaf Necrosis

Weed-free field experiments were conducted to evaluate soybean injury, growth, and yield following PRE or POST pyroxasulfone application. Soybean was injured 1 and 15% following pyroxasulfone PRE and POST application, respectively, 7 d after treatment (DAT). Injury following PRE and POST application was observed as delayed emergence and leaf necrosis and crinkling, respectively. Injury ranged from 0 to 6% following both application timings 14 and 28 DAT. Soybean was injured 5% or less following 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 g ha−1 of pyroxasulfone. Soybean plant population, height, and yield were not affected by pyroxasulfone application timing. Only 300 g ha−1 of pyroxasulfone reduced soybean plant population to 90% of the nontreated 30 d after PRE. Pyroxasulfone rate did not influence soybean heights and yield. Data indicates that pyroxasulfone can safely be applied to soybean without a detrimental effect on plant growth or yield.

The effects on growth, development and yield of sugar beet of extension of the growth period by transplantation

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Scott ◽  
P. M. Bremner
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sequential Sampling ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growth Development

1. A series of three field experiments, concerning the effects on growth, development and yield of sugar beet of extension of the growing season by transplantation, were carried out in 1962, 1963 and 1964. The first two experiments were subject to sequential sampling programmes for growthanalysis purposes, but in the third only yield data were recorded.2. Root yield increased with advance in planting date and increase in plant population in all 3 years. Nitrogen had no effect on root yield in any year. There was no consistent interaction between time of planting and plant population in their effects on root yield. The advantage for transplanting over field sowing ranged from 4 tons washed beet per acre in the case of an early field sowing (20 March) to 10 tons in a late one (23 April). There were no treatment effects on the concentration of sugar in the roots. The roots of transplants were more globular in shape and fanged than were those of field-sown beet.

Conventional Soybean Plant and Progeny Response to Glyphosate

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason K. Norsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Glyphosate Drift

Field studies were conducted to determine the sensitivity of conventional ‘Motte’ and ‘Pioneer 9831’ soybean to simulated glyphosate drift rates applied during vegetative and reproductive development and the effect of glyphosate on progeny. Glyphosate at 8, 84, and 420 g ae/ha was applied to soybean at the V3, V6, R2, and R5 growth stages. Glyphosate at 8 and 84 g/ha did not reduce soybean plant population, growth, or yield or cause deleterious effects on progeny, regardless of the growth stage at application. Soybean population, growth, and yield were reduced as much as 99 to 100% after application of 420 g/ha glyphosate at the V3 growth stage. Glyphosate at 420 g/ha applied at V6 was less detrimental to soybean compared with the V3 timing. Delaying the application of 420 g/ha glyphosate until R2 and R5 reduced soybean yields 22 to 49% and 43 to 44%, respectively. Soybean injury from 420 g/ha glyphosate was generally transient or less severe when applied at the V6 growth stage or later. However, 420 g/ha glyphosate at R5 (initial podfill) caused a 390 to 450 kg/ha yield reduction compared with the V6 application, which indicated greater soybean vulnerability to glyphosate drift during podfill than in the late-stage vegetative development. Although glyphosate at 420 g/ha was injurious to soybean, regardless of application timing, progeny was not affected.

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Response to Glyphosate Spot Applied

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Brent Westerman ◽  
Don S. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Crop Injury ◽  
Silverleaf Nightshade

Weed free field experiments were conducted for 3 yr at one location to measure the response of cotton to glyphosate spot applied once, twice, and three times. Glyphosate treatments frequently used for silverleaf nightshade control were applied at specified intervals after cotton emergence to in-row, uniformly spaced densities of “simulated” weeds. The number and application timing influenced cotton injury each year. Frequently, cotton lint yields following treatments applied once at four, six, or eight sites/9 m of row were not reduced significantly compared to the untreated plots; however, average yield reductions ranged from 10 to 14%. Glyphosate, applied more than once generally, caused more crop injury and reduced lint yields by 13 to 39%.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Population on Yield of Selected Maize (Zea mays L.) Varieties in Mwea and Bura in Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Daudi Dindi Aleri ◽  
Josiah M. Kinama ◽  
George N. Chemining’wa
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Tana River ◽  
Short Rainy Season ◽  
Maize Varieties

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of plant population on the growth and yield of maize. The study was conducted during the short rainy season of December 2018 and April 2019 in Mwea, Kirinyaga County and Bura, Tana River County, in Kenya. An experiment was set in a split-split plot design with three replications. Five selected maize (Zea mays) varieties commonly grown in these areas namely: Pioneer, DH04, Sungura, SC Duma and DH02 were grown under three plant population densities namely: 53,333, 66,666 and 88,888 plants ha-1 under irrigated conditions. Cob length, ear height, plant height, above ground biomass and grain yield data was collected. Plant population had significant effects on the grain yield and yield components of the selected maize varieties. The plant population of 53,333 plants ha-1 gave significantly higher above ground biomass in Mwea than population of 88,888 plants ha-1, though not significantly different from population of 66,666 plants ha-1. In Bura, the plant population of 88,888 plants ha-1 gave significantly higher above ground biomass than that of 66,666 and 53,333 plants ha-1 respectively. An increase in plant population reduced the grain yield of the selected maize varieties but increased the above ground biomass of the varieties.

scholarly journals Response of CERES-wheat and CROPGRO-urd model (DSSAT model v 4.5) for tarai region of Uttarakhand

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
NEERAJ KUMAR ◽  
SUMAN KUMAR ◽  
A.S. NAIN
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Dssat Model ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Crop Research

The study aimed response of CERES-wheat and CROPGRO-urd model for tarai region of Uttarakhand. Field experiments were conducted at N. E. Borlaug, Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during rabi and kharif seasons 2007 and 2008. CERES-wheat and CROPGRO-urd models version v 4.5 were used in this study. Cultivar specific genotypic coefficients were derived for wheat and urd during calibration. Model validation based on several independent sets of growth and yield data, including different nitrogen and irrigation levels. For all parameters t-test was found non-significant (‘t’ calculated values were smaller than t tabulated values at 5% level of significance), indicating that there were least differences between observed and predicted values. The result obtained with the model demonstrated satisfactorily prediction of phenology, growth and yield and thus it can be used for the prediction of wheat and urd growth as well as yield in this region

Interference of Three Annual Grasses with Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda S. Smith ◽  
Don S. Murray ◽  
J. D. Green ◽  
Wan M. Wanyahaya ◽  
David L. Weeks
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Wide Row Spacing

Barnyardgrass, large crabgrass, and Texas panicum were evaluated in field experiments over 3 yr to measure their duration of interference and density on grain sorghum yield. When grain yield data were converted to a percentage of the weed-free control, linear regression predicted a 3.6% yield loss for each week of weed interference regardless of year or grass species. Grain sorghum grown in a narrow (61-cm) row spacing was affected little by full-season interference; however, in wide (91-cm) rows, interference increased as grass density increased. Data from the wide-row spacing were described by linear regression following conversion of grain yield to percentages and weed density to log10. A separate nonlinear model also was derived which could predict the effect of weed density on grain sorghum yield.

Improved growth and yield of Faba beans (Vicia faba cv. Fiord) by inoculation with strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. viciae in acid soils in south west Victoria

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Carter ◽  
WK Gardner ◽  
AH Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Commercial Strain ◽  
South West ◽  
Faba Beans

The response of faba beans (Vicia faba L. cv. Fiord) to seed inoculation with eight strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. viciae was examined in field experiments at six sites on acid soils in south-west Victoria. At two of the sites, two additional strains were examined, and in 1988, 14 strains were examined at one site. Very low natural populations of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae were found at the experimental sites. Most strains resulted in improved early nodulation and increased grain yield at all sites, when compared to inoculation with the commercial strain of rhizobia (SU391). Plant dry matter production and nitrogen accumulation in the plant shoot tissue was also increased at one site during the flowering period by some strains. Large visual differences between plots inoculated with SU391 and other strains were evident at most sites. Most uninoculated treatments were not nodulated and yielded very poorly. Treatments inoculated with the strain SU391 performed similarly to the uninoculated treatments.

scholarly journals Crop Response to Leaf and Seed Applications of the Biostimulant ComCat® under Stress Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Roland Gerhards ◽  
Fructueuse N. Ouidoh ◽  
André Adjogboto ◽  
Vodéa Armand Pascal Avohou ◽  
Berteulot Latus Sètondji Dossounon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Yield Data

Although clear evidence for benefits in crop production is partly missing, several natural compounds and microorganisms have been introduced to the market as biostimulants. They are supposed to enhance nutrient efficiency and availability in the rhizosphere, reduce abiotic stress, and improve crop quality parameters. Biostimulants often derive from natural compounds, such as microorganisms, algae, and plant extracts. In this study, the commercial plant extract-based biostimulant ComCat® was tested in two field experiments with maize in the communities of Banikoara and Matéri in Northern Benin and six pot experiments (four with maize and two with winter barley) at the University of Hohenheim in Germany. Maize was grown under nutrient deficiency, drought, and weed competition, and winter barley was stressed by the herbicide Luximo (cinmethylin). ComCat® was applied at half, full, and double the recommended field rate (50, 100, and 200 g ha−1) on the stressed and unstressed control plants as leaf or seed treatment. The experiments were conducted in randomized complete block designs with four replications. The above-ground biomass and yield data of one experiment in Benin were collected. The biostimulant did not promote maize and winter barley biomass production of the unstressed plants. When exposed to stress, ComCat@ resulted only in one out of eight experiments in higher barley biomass compared to the stressed treatment without ComCat® application. There was a reduced phytotoxic effect of cinmethylin after seed treatment with ComCat®. Crop response to ComCat® was independent of the application rate. Basic and applied studies are needed to investigate the response of crops to biostimulants and their mechanisms of action in the plants before they should be used in practical farming.

Growth and Yield of Wheat under Irrigation by Sugar Mill’s Wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
PK Kundu ◽  
TK Acharjee ◽  
MA Mojid
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sugar Mill ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Mixed Water

The possibility of using sugar mill’s wastewater/effluent in irrigation was evaluated by investigating the effects of wastewater on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Prodip). The experiment was conducted at North Bengal Sugar Mill site in Natore during December 2011 to March 2012. Three irrigation treatments (I1: irrigation with fresh/tubewell water, I2: irrigation with a mixture of fresh and wastewater at 1:1 ratio and I3: irrigation with wastewater) under a main factor and three fertilizer treatments (F0: no application of fertilizer, F1: half dose fertilizer and F2: full dose fertilizer) under a sub factor were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications of the treatments. Wheat was grown with three irrigations totaling 14 cm applied at 4, 26 and 43 days after sowing (DAS). Important growth and yield data of the crop were recorded. The highest grain yield of 1.829 t/ha was obtained under mixed water irrigation and the lowest grain yield of 1.469 t/ha was obtained under wastewater irrigation. The three irrigation treatments, however, provided statistically similar (p = 0.05) grain yield. For the interaction between irrigation and fertilizers, mixed water irrigation and full dose fertilizer application (I2F2) provided significantly higher grain yield (2.757 t/ha) than all other treatment combinations. The second highest yield, produced under freshwater irrigation and full dose fertilizer (I1F2), was statistically similar to the yield under wastewater irrigation and full dose fertilizer (I3F2). Results of this experiment thus exposed good prospects of irrigating wheat by sugar mills’ wastewater.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v24i1-2.19174 Progress. Agric. 24(1&2): 211 - 218, 2013

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