An Independence Test for Continuous and Categorical Ordinal Data Based on a Sign Correlation Related to Kendall's Tau

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wicher Bergsma
Keyword(s):  
Ordinal Data ◽  
Independence Test ◽  
Kendall’S Tau ◽  
Kendall's Tau ◽  
Sign Correlation

scholarly journals Multiple Ordinal Correlation Based on Kendall’s Tau Measure: A Proposal

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 1616
Author(s):  
Juan M. Muñoz-Pichardo ◽  
Emilio D. Lozano-Aguilera ◽  
Antonio Pascual-Acosta ◽  
Ana M. Muñoz-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Ordinal Data ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Correlation Measure ◽  
Kendall’S Tau ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Kendall's Tau ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Wide Range

The joint analysis of various ordinal variables is necessary in many experimental studies within research fields such as sociology and psychology. Therefore, the necessary measures of multiple ordinal dependence must be easy to interpret and facilitate the interpretation of multivariate models that fit ordinal data. The main objective of this article is to propose a multiple ordinal correlation measure based on a bivariate correlation measure: Kendall’s tau. A sample version of the measure is proposed for its estimation. Furthermore, a confidence interval and a multiple ordinal independence test are proposed. The measure is applied to various simulations, covering a wide range of multiple ordinal dependency scenarios, in order to illustrate the adequacy of the measure and the proposed inferential techniques. Finally, the measure is applied to a real-world study based on a social survey of the levels of life satisfaction and the happiness index of a population.

scholarly journals Correlation Test Application of Supplier’s Ranking Using TOPSIS and AHP-TOPSIS Method

CAUCHY ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Yuniwati
Keyword(s):  
Ordinal Data ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Kendall’S Tau ◽  
Kendall's Tau ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation

The supplier selection process can be done using multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods in firms. There are many MCDM Methods, but firms must choose the method suitable with the firm condition. Company A has analyzed supplier’s ranking using TOPSIS method. TOPSIS method has a marjor weakness in its subjective weighting. This flaw is overcome using AHP method weighting having undergone a consistency test. In this study, the comparison of supplier’s ranking using TOPSIS and AHP-TOPSIS method used correlation test. The aim of this paper is to determine different result from two methods. Data in suppliers’ ranking is ordinal data, so this process used Spearman’s rank and Kendall’s tau b correlation. If most of the ranked scored are same, Kendall’s tau b correlation should be used. The other way, Spearman rank should be used. The result of this study is that most of the ranked scored are different, so the process used Spearman rank p-value of Spearman’s rank correlation of 0.505. It is greater than 0.05, means there is no statistically significant correlation between two methods. Furthermore, increment or decrement of supplier’s ranking in one method is not significantly related to the increment or decrement of supplier’s ranking in the second method

scholarly journals Workload for radiologists during on-call hours: dramatic increase in the past 15 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. M. Bruls ◽  
R. M. Kwee
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Kendall’S Tau ◽  
Kendall's Tau ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
Picture Archiving And Communication ◽  
Ct Studies

Abstract Background The objective of this study is to investigate the workload for radiologists during on-call hours and to quantify the 15-year trend in a large general hospital in Western Europe. Methods Data regarding the number of X-ray, ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) studies during on-call hours (weekdays between 6.00 p.m. and 7.00 a.m., weekends, and national holidays) between 2006 and 2020 were extracted from the picture archiving and communication system. All studies were converted into relative value units (RVUs) to estimate the on-call workload. The Mann–Kendall test was performed to assess the temporal trend. Results The total RVUs during on-call hours showed a significant increase between 2006 and 2020 (Kendall's tau-b = 0.657, p = 0.001). The overall workload in terms of RVUs during on-call hours has quadrupled. The number of X-ray studies significantly decreased (Kendall's tau-b = − 0.433, p = 0.026), whereas the number of CT studies significantly increased (Kendall's tau-b = 0.875, p < 0.001) between 2006 and 2020. CT studies which increased by more than 500% between 2006 and 2020 are CT for head trauma, brain CTA, brain CTV, chest CT (for suspected pulmonary embolism), spinal CT, neck CT, pelvic CT, and CT for suspected aortic dissection. The number of ultrasound studies did not change significantly (Kendall's tau-b = 0.202, p = 0.298). Conclusions The workload for radiologists during on-call hours increased dramatically in the past 15 years. The growing amount of CT studies is responsible for this increase. Radiologist and technician workforce should be matched to this ongoing increasing trend to avoid potential burn-out and to maintain quality and safety of radiological care.

scholarly journals High association of COVID-19 severity with poor gut health score in Lebanese patients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258913
Author(s):  
Imad Al Kassaa ◽  
Sarah El Omari ◽  
Nada Abbas ◽  
Nicolas Papon ◽  
Djamel Drider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Kendall’S Tau ◽  
High Association ◽  
Kendall's Tau ◽  
Health Score ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions of lives globally. However, the disease has presented more extreme challenges for developing countries that are experiencing economic crises. Studies on COVID-19 symptoms and gut health are scarce and have not fully analyzed possible associations between gut health and disease pathophysiology. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate a potential association between gut health and COVID-19 severity in the Lebanese community, which has been experiencing a severe economic crisis. Methods This cross-sectional study investigated SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive Lebanese patients. Participants were interviewed and gut health, COVID-19 symptoms, and different metrics were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression models. Results Analysis of the data showed that 25% of participants were asymptomatic, while an equal proportion experienced severe symptoms, including dyspnea (22.7%), oxygen need (7.5%), and hospitalization (3.1%). The mean age of the participants was 38.3 ±0.8 years, and the majority were males (63.9%), married (68.2%), and currently employed (66.7%). A negative correlation was found between gut health score and COVID-19 symptoms (Kendall’s tau-b = -0.153, P = 0.004); indicating that low gut health was associated with more severe COVID-19 cases. Additionally, participants who reported unhealthy food intake were more likely to experience severe symptoms (Kendall’s tau-b = 0.118, P = 0.049). When all items were taken into consideration, multiple ordinal logistic regression models showed a significant association between COVID-19 symptoms and each of the following variables: working status, flu-like illness episodes, and gut health score. COVID-19 severe symptoms were more common among patients having poor gut health scores (OR:1.31, 95%CI:1.07–1.61; P = 0.008), experiencing more than one episode of flu-like illness per year (OR:2.85, 95%CI:1.58–5.15; P = 0.001), and owning a job (OR:2.00, 95%CI:1.1–3.65; P = 0.023). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study that showed the impact of gut health and exposure to respiratory viruses on COVID-19 severity in Lebanon. These findings can facilitate combating the pandemic in Lebanon.

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