Dynamic Dual Capacity Sourcing for New Ethical Drugs

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Okajima ◽  
Susan H. Xu ◽  
Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Dual Capacity

scholarly journals White men and electric guns: Analysing the Amazonian dystopia through Shipibo-Konibo children’s drawings

2021 ◽  
pp. 204361062199583
Author(s):  
Thaís de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
White Men ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Children's Drawings ◽  
Children’S Drawings ◽  
Racial Dynamics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Andean Countries ◽  
The Village ◽  
Dual Capacity

In Andean countries, the pishtaco is understood as a White-looking man that steals Indigenous people’s organs for money. In contemporary Amazonia, the Shipibo-Konibo people describe the pishtaco as a high-tech murderer, equipped with a sophisticated laser gun that injects electricity inside a victim’s body. This paper looks at this dystopia through Shipibo-Konibo children’s drawings, presenting composite sketches of the pishtaco and maps of the village before and after an attack. Children portrayed White men with syringes and electric guns as weaponry, while discussing whether organ traffickers could also be mestizos nowadays. Meanwhile, the comparison of children’s maps before and after the attack reveals that lit lampposts are paradoxically perceived as a protection at night. The paper examines changing features of pishtacos and the dual capacity of electricity present in children’s drawings. It argues that children know about shifting racial dynamics in the village’s history and recognise development’s oxymoron: the same electricity that can be a weapon is also used as a shield.

Fostering Statistical Literacy in Greece

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Athanasios C. Thanopoulos ◽  
Christina Karamichalakou
Keyword(s):  
Official Statistics ◽  
Statistical Literacy ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Specific Strategy ◽  
Statistical Institute ◽  
Convincing Case ◽  
Institutional Foundations ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Dual Capacity

The Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT), the National Statistical Institute of Greece, as the guarantor of the quality of official statistics in Greece, has been pursuing, since 2016, an ambitious strategy aiming to foster Statistical Literacy, focusing on strengthening ties with citizens in their dual capacity both as providers of data and ultimately as users of statistics, and thus, operate as crucial enablers of a smoothly functioning virtuous circle of official statistics. Objectives include the development of an understanding of basic methodologies and tools used in official statistics, along with the awareness of its institutional foundations and core principles. This critically contributes to the value of official statistics being spread and effectively communicated, making, at the same time, a convincing case for fact-based decision making in the daily lives of the main stakeholders. This article motivates the approach followed in developing a specific strategy on statistical literacy, outlines its philosophy and main objectives and browses through the array of initiatives and actions undertaken over the last five years. In addition, it explores the responsiveness of citizens to these initiatives and the extent to which these initiatives lead to an increased engagement of key targeted stakeholders.

scholarly journals Determination in the Anatolian Hieroglyphic Script of the Empire and Transitional Period

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Payne
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Period ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Diachronic Study ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Dual Capacity

AbstractThe Anatolian Hieroglyphic script is a mixed writing system which contains both phonetic and semantographic signs. The latter may be used in the function of logogram and/or determinative. A dedicated study of the script’s determinatives has so far not been undertaken but promises insight into structures of mental organization and script development. Because of its pictorial character, individual signs can occasionally be shown to act in a dual capacity, as icons and signs of writing. This article forms part one of a diachronic study of the determinative system, and adresses the period 13

scholarly journals Ernest Armstrong McCulloch. 21 April 1926—20 January 2011

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 317-339
Author(s):  
Tak Wah Mak
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Blood Disorders ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
Haematopoietic Cells ◽  
The World ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Dual Capacity

Ernest Armstrong McCulloch was half of the brilliant partnership that discovered haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and changed how we think about human tissue generation and regeneration. Based at the Ontario Cancer Institute (now the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre) in Toronto, the haematologist ‘Bun’ McCulloch, together with James E. Till, a physicist with a steel-trap mind, exercised their penchant for adventurous ‘big picture’ thinking in devising experiments to identify stem cells. This exceptional team was the first to demonstrate that HSCs have the dual capacity to self-renew and to differentiate into a vast array of mature haematopoietic cells. Their trainees, as well as investigators elsewhere, built on McCulloch and Till's findings not only to isolate and characterize HSCs and progenitors derived from them, but also to devise therapies for certain blood disorders. Later in his career, Ernest focused on characterizing the malignant cells of human leukaemias and determining the effects of various drugs on leukaemic cell growth. The implications of Till and McCulloch's work continue to be profound and underpin many significant breakthroughs in our knowledge of normal cellular physiology, pathophysiology, tumorigenesis and tissue transplantation. Indeed, regenerative medicine owes its very existence to the stem cell discoveries of McCulloch, Till and others. At times eccentric and demanding, but always well spoken, incisive and erudite, Ernest personified the outstanding research scientist cloaked in Canadian modesty. His legacy lives on in the bright therapeutic future emerging from the rigorous stem cell research being conducted in Canada and around the world.

Roger Casement and the Congo

1964 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Roger Louis
Keyword(s):  
Civil Servant ◽  
British Government ◽  
Congo Reform Association ◽  
Dual Capacity

Roger Casement's role as Irish patriot has obscured his role as Congo reformer. Travelling in the interior of the Congo in 1903 as British consul, Casement gathered evidence that enabled the British government to attack the Congo State on grounds of maladministration. He did not however regard mere diplomatic action as sufficient to redress the wrongs of King Leopold's rubber trade. Convinced that only a humanitarian crusade could abolish the evils of the Leopoldian regime, Casement inspired E. D. Morel to found the Congo Reform Association. Through his dual capacity of civil servant and humanitarian, he attempted, in his own words, to choke off King Leopold ‘as a “helldog” is choked off’. His apocalyptic vision of evil in the Congo may have been exaggerated, but his influence was of the first magnitude in bringing about Belgium's annexation of the Congo in 1908.

scholarly journals Inflammation switches the differentiation program of Ly6Chi monocytes from antiinflammatory macrophages to inflammatory dendritic cells in the colon

2012 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aymeric Rivollier ◽  
Jianping He ◽  
Abhisake Kole ◽  
Vassilis Valatas ◽  
Brian L. Kelsall
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Microarray Analysis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Independent Mechanism ◽  
Inflammatory Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immunological Homeostasis ◽  
Dual Capacity

Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (MPs) are important for immunological homeostasis in the colon. We found that F4/80hiCX3CR1hi (CD11b+CD103−) cells account for 80% of mouse colonic lamina propria MHC-IIhi cells. Both CD11c+ and CD11c− cells within this population were identified as MPs based on multiple criteria, including an MP transcriptome revealed by microarray analysis. These MPs constitutively released high levels of IL-10 at least partially in response to the microbiota via an MyD88-independent mechanism. In contrast, cells expressing low to intermediate levels of F4/80 and CX3CR1 were identified as DCs based on phenotypic and functional analysis and comprise three separate CD11chi cell populations: CD103+CX3CR1−CD11b− DCs, CD103+CX3CR1−CD11b+ DCs, and CD103−CX3CR1intCD11b+ DCs. In noninflammatory conditions, Ly6Chi monocytes (MOs) differentiated primarily into CD11c+ but not CD11c− MPs. In contrast, during colitis, Ly6Chi MOs massively invaded the colon and differentiated into proinflammatory CD103−CX3CR1intCD11b+ DCs, which produced high levels of IL-12, IL-23, iNOS, and TNF. These findings demonstrate the dual capacity of Ly6Chi blood MOs to differentiate into either regulatory MPs or inflammatory DCs in the colon and that the balance of these immunologically antagonistic cell types is dictated by microenvironmental conditions.

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