scholarly journals The Effects of Intrauterine Malnutrition on Birth and Fertility Outcomes: Evidence from the 1974 Bangladesh Famine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rey Hernandez-Julian ◽  
Hani Mansour ◽  
Christina Peters
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Malnutrition

Cellular Growth in Intrauterine Malnutrition

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron Winick
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Intrauterine Malnutrition

scholarly journals The effects of intrauterine undernutrition on pancreas ghrelin and insulin expression in neonate rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiumin Wang ◽  
Li Liang ◽  
Lizhong Du
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Birth Weight Group ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
Intrauterine Malnutrition

Ghrelin has a correlation with insulin secretion, β-cell development, and diabetes in crucial development period. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in plasma ghrelin, insulin, and glucose concentrations, and variation of ghrelin expression in the pancreas in response to intrauterine malnutrition in newborn rats. Pregnant rats at day 2 were randomly divided into two groups: nourished (fed ad libitum; NR) and undernourished rats (UR). The offspring of NR were defined as normal-birth-weight group (NBW, n = 79) and those of UR were defined as low-birth-weight group (LBW, n = 74). Plasma glucose, ghrelin, and serum insulin of both dams and their pups were analyzed at the first day after birth. The entire pancreas was collected for determination of ghrelin and insulin mRNAs, and quantification of pancreas ghrelin and insulin. Immunohistochemical double staining and confocal microscopy were performed on rat pancreas. Birth weight was 5.81 ± 0.64 and 4.76 ± 0.23 g in NBW group and LBW group respectively. Fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations in UR group (1382 (1287–1513) pg/ml) were higher than that of NR group (1072 (974–1205) pg/ml). Plasma ghrelin concentrations in the LBW group (2176 (2031–2384) pg/ml) were significantly lower than that of the NBW group (2493 (2311–2675) pg/ml). Undernutrition caused a decrease in plasma insulin concentrations in both UR dams and LBW pups (P < 0.001). Ghrelin mRNA and total ghrelin of pancreas were significantly affected by intrauterine nutrition state. Pancreas insulin concentrations were significantly affected by intrauterine nutrition (P = 0.007). The majority of ghrelin-producing cells were present at the periphery of islets in the NBW group. Ghrelin was colocalized with insulin in ß-cells in LBW group. The percentage of ghrelin-positive cells in the islets of LBW group was significantly higher than that of the NBW group (P < 0.01). Intrauterine undernutrition may affect the birth weight, plasma insulin and ghrelin levels, islet ghrelin expression, and ghrelin cell distribution. It will be interesting to investigate intrauterine nutrition which is involved in islet ghrelin expression and ghrelin cell distribution.

Influence of Intrauterine Malnutrition on Brain Development: Alteration of Myelination

Neonatology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 96-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Bourre ◽  
O. Morand ◽  
C. Chanez ◽  
O. Dumont ◽  
M.A. Flexor
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Intrauterine Malnutrition

Abstract P104: Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) Modulation in Hypertension Program by Maternal Intrauterine Malnutrition

Hypertension ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael S Banti ◽  
Rodrigo Yokota ◽  
Danielle S Aragão ◽  
Adriana Souza ◽  
Amanda Pedroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Angiotensin Peptides ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ace Activity ◽  
Intrauterine Malnutrition ◽  
Group D

Intrauterine malnutrition (IM) during the early stages of development can alter the function of organs and tissues and can predict a lifetime of increased risk for adverse health outcomes, such as diabetes and hypertension. The kidney plays a key role in the development of hypertension programmed by IM, with the participation of the RAS. Our objectives were to study ACE activity and angiotensin peptides levels in tissues. Pregnants Wistar rats were separated into two groups: control group (C), fed ad libitum, and malnourished group (D) submitted to food restriction (diet 50% of the amount of feed consumed by the group C). After birth the offspring were kept as experimental groups C and D, respectively. At 4 months of age, the animals were sacrificed, heart and kidney tissues were collected to quantify angiotensin peptides and ACE activity. The offspring born with low birth weight. Kidney ACE activity was higher in group D compared to group C (299 ±86.7 vs. 253.4 ±84.82 mU/mg, p<0.05), differing from Heart (D versus C: 0.15 ± 0.08 vs. 0.24 ±0.09 mU/mg). Group D presented high blood pressure values compared to group C (140.6 ±2.8 vs. 124,3±2.6 mmHg). Kidney and heart Ang II levels were increased in group D being significant when compared to group C (238.26 ±25.1 vs. 161.85 ±45.6 pmol/g and 397.89±74.9 vs. 223.33±48.7 pmol/g, p<0.05, respectively). The same was observed for Ang I. The vasodilator peptide Ang1-7 levels in group D from kidney and heart were lower in comparison with group C, thus emphasizing an enabling environment for hypertension (220.74 ± 48.74 vs. 288.09 ± 47 pmol/g and 152.1±41.2 pmol/g vs. 228.93±41.2 pmol/g, p<0.05, respectively). Our results indicate that perturbed maternal nutritional status alters tissue RAS resulting in higher blood pressure in the offspring, demonstrated by increased renal ACE activity and Ang II levels, with reduced Ang 1-7. The increase of Ang I and II in the heart, despite low ACE activity in this tissue suggests the activation of RAS alternative pathways. This study describes for the first time that low levels of Ang 1-7 contributed to the early development of hypertension.

Maternal risk factors in intrauterine malnutrition

1987 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leela Raman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Intrauterine Malnutrition

Quantification of Intrauterine Malnutrition

Neonatology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Roord ◽  
L.H.J. Ramaekers
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Malnutrition

The Effect of Intrauterine Malnutrition on the Term Infant.

1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. HILL ◽  
W. M. VERNIAUD ◽  
R.L. DETER ◽  
L. M. TENNYSON ◽  
G. M. RETTIG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Term Infant ◽  
Intrauterine Malnutrition
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