Practices and Technologies for the Management of Key Maize Production Constraints during Kharif Season in East Champaran District – Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary Otieno
Keyword(s):  
Maize Production ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Production Constraints

scholarly journals Practices and Technologies for the Management of Key Maize Production Constraints during Kharif Season in East Champaran District – Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
Hillary M. O. Otieno
Keyword(s):  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Storage Methods ◽  
Bihar State

Maize production is affected by numerous biotic and abiotic related challenges in East Champaran District, Bihar State, India. The damages caused by these challenges are influenced by the season; high prevalence during Kharif season compared to Rabi season. The solution to these constraints calls for enhanced research-extension-farmer linkages to ensure better development and dissemination of technologies for adoption. Among these constraints, research should target developing varieties that are tolerant to water-stress, fall armyworm, stalk borer and aflatoxin attacks; and better site-specific soil infertility management. Besides, solutions to technical challenges like inappropriate maize spacing, poor and untimely weed control, use of local maize cultivars, poor storage methods, are already available and could effectively be managed through the use of extension agents to train and diffuse them among farmers.

Key maize production constraints and farmers’ preferred traits in the mid-altitude maize agroecologies of northern Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lameck Nyaligwa ◽  
Shimelis Hussein ◽  
Mark Laing ◽  
Habteab Ghebrehiwot ◽  
Beyene A Amelework
Keyword(s):  
Maize Production ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Northern Tanzania

scholarly journals Outbreaks of the Fall Armyworm (Spodeptera frugiperda), and Maize Production Constraints in Zambia with Special Emphasis on Coping Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10771
Author(s):  
Chapwa Kasoma ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Mark D. Laing ◽  
Admire Shayanowako ◽  
Isack Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Preference Ranking ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Production Constraints

The fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) is an invasive pest of maize, as well as other important cereals and vegetables, threatening food systems and biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the outbreaks of the FAW, farmers’ perceived production constraints, and coping strategies in maize production in Zambia. A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) study was conducted in two FAW-affected maize production districts in Zambia in 2017 and 2018. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, preference ranking, and focused group discussions. Crop losses due to FAW, the high cost of fertilizers, and a limited availability of arable land were the major production constraints across the districts. There were significant differences (X2 = 12.415; p = 0.002) in the severity of FAW infestation between the two districts in 2017. Notable FAW coping strategies used by the respondent farmers included cultural and landscape management practices, chemical pesticides, and crushing of FAW larvae. There was a disparity between male and female respondents who perceived social, agronomic management, and crop protection-related factors that influenced the choice of a maize variety. Information presented here will serve as a basis for FAW-resistant cultivar development and deployment of the integrated pest management methods for Zambia.

Farming Systems Adaptive Research: Achievements and Prospects in Southern Africa

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Low ◽  
S. R. Waddington
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Technology Generation ◽  
Effective Integration ◽  
Extension Staff

SummaryFarming Systems Adaptive Research (FSAR) has contributed much to the understanding of maize production constraints on smallholder farms in southern Africa in the last six to eight years. But its production impact has been constrained by the often inappropriate technology available to FSAR from component research and the ineffective use of its results by extension staff. However, FSAR has demonstrated the utility of a problem (client) orientated approach to technology development, which is now being taken up by some maize commodity research and extension programmes, though effective linkages have not usually been developed. Nevertheless, experience in southern Africa suggests that the FSAR approach can provide a framework for developing more effective integration between key groups involved in technology generation, dissemination and support.

Optimizing genotype-environment-management interactions to ensure silage maize production in the Chinese Maize Belt

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
L Zhang ◽  
Z Zhang ◽  
J Cao ◽  
Y Luo ◽  
Z Li
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Early Date ◽  
Environment Management ◽  
Silage Maize

Grain maize production exceeds the demand for grain maize in China. Methods for harvesting good-quality silage maize urgently need a theoretical basis and reference data in order to ensure its benefits to farmers. However, research on silage maize is limited, and very few studies have focused on its energetic value and quality. Here, we calibrated the CERES-Maize model for 24 cultivars with 93 field experiments and then performed a long-term (1980-2017) simulation to optimize genotype-environment-management (G-E-M) interactions in the 4 main agroecological zones across China. We found that CERES-Maize could reproduce the growth and development of maize well under various management and weather conditions with a phenology bias of <5 d and biomass relative root mean square error values of <5%. The simulated results showed that sowing long-growth-cycle cultivars approximately 10 d in advance could yield good-quality silage. The optimal sowing dates (from late May to July) and harvest dates (from early October to mid-November) gradually became later from north to south. A high-energy yield was expected when sowing at an early date and/or with late-maturing cultivars. We found that Northeast China and the North China Plain were potential silage maize growing areas, although these areas experienced a medium or even high frost risk. Southwestern maize experienced a low risk level, but the low soil fertility limited the attainable yield. The results of this paper provide information for designing an optimal G×E×M strategy to ensure silage maize production in the Chinese Maize Belt.

Growth and Economic Profitability of Castor Cultivation in the Semi-arid Zone of Haryana

2020 ◽  
pp. 300-305
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zone ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Transportation Cost ◽  
Castor Seed ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Extract Information

The present study was carried out in three districts viz; Rewari, Sirsa and Hisar of Haryana state. A survey of 60 sampled farms was conducted to extract information pertaining to various expenses incurred in cultivation of castor and output attained as well as to ascertain the perception of farmers for various problems encountered in production and marketing of castor seed. The descriptive analysis was employed to draw valid inferences from the study. The results revealed that net profit accrued from cultivation of castor seed was ₹ 46331 ha -1 in the study area. The value of B: C ratio of castor cultivation was more than one and also higher as compared to prevalent cropping systems indicated that cultivation of castor seed is economical viable entity. However, production constraints like retention of F2 seed in the field over year, grain scattering, shortage of irrigation water, frost effect on crop yield and marketing constraints like absence of MSP, higher transportation cost sale of castor seed in distant markets, frequent fluctuation in market price, non-availability of processing units were observed.

Irrigation Management Effects on Crop Water Productivity for Maize Production in the Texas High Plains

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Gary W. Marek ◽  
Thomas H. Marek ◽  
Steven R. Evett ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Kevin R. Heflin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Crop Water Productivity ◽  
Texas High Plains ◽  
Management Effects
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