scholarly journals A New Perspective from Time Use Research on the Effects of Lockdown on Covid-19 Behavioral Infection Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gershuny ◽  
Oriel Sullivan ◽  
Almudena Sevilla ◽  
Marga Vega-Rapun ◽  
Francesca Foliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Time Use Research

scholarly journals A new perspective from time use research on the effects of lockdown on COVID-19 behavioral infection risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gershuny ◽  
Oriel Sullivan ◽  
Almudena Sevilla ◽  
Marga Vega-Rapun ◽  
Francesca Foliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Daily Behavior ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Time Use Research ◽  
Activity Location

We present findings from the first two waves of an innovative, population-representative, UK time-use diary survey conducted both pre- and mid-lockdown, using an online diary instrument that proved both reliable and quick-to-field. Combining diary information on activity, location, and co-presence to estimate infection risks associated with daily behavior, we show clear changes in such behavior related to infection risk between the pre and mid-lockdown periods: a substantial reduction of time spent in those behaviors with the highest levels of risk, accompanied by an equivalent increase in low-risk behavior. Because, in general, a populations’ time use changes relatively slowly, the behavioral changes revealed may be interpreted directly as a consequence of the UK COVID-19 ‘lockdown’ regulations. Subsequent waves will reveal the behavioral consequences of future changes in regulation

scholarly journals A new perspective from time use research on the effects of social restrictions on COVID-19 behavioral infection risk

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245551
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gershuny ◽  
Oriel Sullivan ◽  
Almudena Sevilla ◽  
Marga Vega-Rapun ◽  
Francesca Foliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Daily Behavior ◽  
Complete Reversal ◽  
Changes In Risk ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Time Use Research ◽  
Activity Location

We present findings from three waves of a population-representative, UK time-use diary survey conducted both pre- and in real time during full ‘lockdown’, and again following the easing of social restrictions. We used an innovative online diary instrument that has proved both reliable and quick-to-field. Combining diary information on activity, location, and co-presence to estimate infection risks associated with daily behavior, we show clear changes in risk-associated behavior between the pre, full-lockdown and post full-lockdown periods. We document a shift from more to less risky daily behavior patterns (combinations of activity/location/co-presence categories) between the pre-pandemic pattern and full lockdown in May/June 2020, followed by a reversion (although not a complete reversal) of those patterns in August 2020 following the end of the first lockdown. Because, in general, a populations’ time use changes relatively slowly, the behavioral changes revealed may be interpreted as a consequence of the UK COVID-19 lockdown social restrictions and their subsequent relaxation.

scholarly journals Advancing Health-Related Cluster Analysis Methodology: Quantification of Pairwise Activity Cluster Similarities

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Katia Ferrar ◽  
Carol Maher ◽  
John Petkov ◽  
Tim Olds
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Vector Length ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Activity Cluster ◽  
Time Use Research

Background:To date, most health-related time-use research has investigated behaviors in isolation; more recently, however, researchers have begun to conceptualize behaviors in the form of multidimensional patterns or clusters.Methods:The study employed 2 techniques: radar graphs and centroid vector length, angles and distance to quantify pairwise time-use cluster similarities among adolescents living in Australia (N = 1853) and in New Zealand (N = 679).Results:Based on radar graph shape, 2 pairs of clusters were similar for both boys and girls. Using vector angles (VA), vector length (VL) and centroid distances (CD), 1 pair for each sex was considered most similar (boys: VA = 63°, VL = 44 and 50 units, and CD = 48 units; girls: VA = 23°, VL = 65 and 85 units, and CD = 36 units). Both methods employed to determine similarity had strengths and weaknesses. Conclusions: The description and quantification of cluster similarity is an important step in the research process. An ability to track and compare clusters may provide greater understanding of complex multidimensional relationships, and in relation to health behavior clusters, present opportunities to monitor and to intervene.

Free Time as a Resource

Free Time ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie L. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Free Time ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Egalitarian Justice ◽  
Time Use Research

This chapter argues that free time—defined as the time not committed to meeting one's own or one's dependents' basic needs—is a resource to which citizens could plausibly have claims in a public and feasible liberal egalitarian justice. To develop the idea of free time as a resource, the chapter begins with the recognition that time itself is a resource. It then discusses three ways, drawn from time-use research, of defining free time: as time not engaged in typically necessary activities, as time not engaged in subjectively necessary activities, and as time not engaged in objectively necessary activities. It also considers how a formulation of free time might address issues of individual responsibility and asserts that the typically necessary and subjectively necessary definitions of free time are not appropriately understood as resources in the relevant sense. The chapter concludes by proposing a particular objective definition of free time.

scholarly journals Spot phone calls: A new method for measuring time use

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 205979912094204
Author(s):  
Lucia Aline Rost
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
New Method ◽  
Measuring Time ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Time Use Research

Time-use research can provide important insights for different research questions. However, many time-use measures do not capture seasonal differences, qualitative dimensions of time use, and activities that are considered less ‘important’ or ‘desirable’. To address these issues, this article proposes spot phone calls as a new method for measuring time use. The spot phone calls methodology was piloted as part of a research project on time use of adults and children in northern Uganda. In different periods of the year, participants were called on their phones at different times of the day to be asked about their time use. The method was cost and time effective and made it possible to identify and understand seasonal differences in time use. It captured emotional and relational aspects of time use and accounted for activities that were undercounted in other measures, such as ‘doing nothing’ and men’s participation in unpaid care and domestic work. This article calls for the method to be tested with a larger sample.

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