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Biology Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Biology Open, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Yixing Wu and Ying Bai are co-first authors on ‘ Palmitoylated small GTPase ARL15 is translocated within Golgi network during adipogenesis’, published in BiO. Yixing is a research fellow in the lab of Frances Wiseman at UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK, investigating Down's syndrome and Alzheimer's disease-related endo-lysosomal pathways and cathepsin deficits. Ying is a postdoc in the lab of Roger D. Cox at MRC Harwell Institute, Didcot, UK, investigating how fat cells are formed, and genes that are involved in regulating body fat distribution.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Krueger ◽  
Andrew Morrish

In Andrew Morrish’s 40-year career in the arts he has been a performer, teacher, facilitator, mentor and advocate for a range of practices including improvisation, performance, dance education, dancetherapy and dance research. From 2008 until 2013 he was a Visiting Research Fellow in the Drama Division of Huddersfield University (U.K.) In 2016 he was awarded the Dance Fellowship of the Australia Council for the Arts (2016-2017). He now lives in the far south east corner of Australia where he continues to practice as a performer, teacher, coach and researcher.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Lisa Schirch

On May 20, 2021, the Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies (CASIS) Vancouver hosted a digital roundtable where Dr. Lisa Schirch, Senior Research Fellow and Social Media, Technology and Peacebuilding Programme Director at the Toda Peace Institute, presented on Social Cohesion and Conflict Dynamics on Social Media. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives.


10.5852/nes04 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Méry

This book illustrates fragments of the lives of past and present “nomadic” peoples, from Africa, Asia, North and South America and Europe, from different angles (habitats, material production, economic and territorial organisation, social organisation, rites and beliefs, art). This way of life prevailed for millions of years before another sedentary way of life gradually replaced it from 9,000 years ago onwards. However, nomads did not disappear. Today they are a minority and are often marginalised, but they are still an integral part of our humanity. This is the point of view we have adopted in Nomad Lives and we invite our readers to discover women, men and children from all sorts of geographical, climatic, sociological and even chronological horizons, all united by their nomadic lifestyle. This book contains nearly thirty contributions by archaeologists, ethnologists/anthropologists, sociologists, geographers, economists and historians. However, present-day nomads are not in any way considered as avatars of past nomads, any more than the nomads of today (or yesterday) would be representative of one and the same social and economic organisation, of one and the same relationship to the world. On the contrary, the diversity of the contributions gathered here underlines the plural character of this way of life. Being nomadic, living as a nomad, cannot be defined in a univocal way and throughout the pages a question emerges, simple in appearance but excessively complex in the reality of the peoples themselves and of researchers in human sciences: “What is it to be nomadic?” It is around this question that the book closes from the combined perspective of an archaeologist, an ethnologist and a sociologist. Aline Averbouh is an archaeologist, Senior Research fellow at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, specialist in prehistoric nomadic groups of the late Upper Palaeolithic and their production of hard materials of animal origin. She works in France but has also worked in Central Europe and South America (Argentina). She is a member of the UMR AASPE (MNHN Paris, France). Nejma Goutas is an archaeologist, Research fellow at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, specialist in prehistoric nomadic groups of the Early Upper Palaeolithic (Gravettian) in Europe and their production of hard materials of animal origin (France, Romania, Russia, Czech Republic, Belgium). She is a member of the “Prehistoric Ethnology” team, UMR ArScAN (Nanterre, France). Sophie Méry is an archaeologist, Research Director at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, she is a specialist in Neolithic and Bronze Age societies in Arabia and their ceramic production and Director of the French Archaeological Mission to the UAE. She is a member of UMR CReAAH (Rennes, France).


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Galaty

Book detailsEdited by Jeremy Lind, Doris Okenwa & Ian ScoonesLand, Investment & Politics: Reconfiguring East Africa’s Pastoral Drylands.Woodbridge, Suffolk: James Currey, an imprint of Boydell and Brewer, 2020.224 pages, ISBN 978-1-84701-252-4 (James Currey hardback) and ISBN 978-1-84701-249-4 (James Currey paper)Jeremy Lind, Research Fellow, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex. Co-editor of “Pastoralism and Development in Africa” (2013)Doris Okenwa, Ph.D student in Anthropology, London School of Economics. Ph.D research on oil discoveries in Turkana County, Kenya.Ian Scoones, Professorial Fellow, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex. Co-Director of ESRC STEPS (Social, Technological and Environmental Pathways to Sustainability) Centre, and leader of the European Research council project PASTRES (Pastoralism, Uncertainty and Resilience). Author of “Africa’s Land Rush: Rural Livelihoods and Agrarian Change”.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Hanley

Abstract Focus and outcomes for participants Rationale for the symposium, including for its inclusion in the Congress Cervical cancer, caused by persistent infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV), is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer, yet more than 300,000 women die from the disease annually and over 500,000 cases are diagnosed. Modelling has shown that effective integration of HPV immunization programmes, HPV-based screening, and access to high-quality cancer treatment and palliative care services has the potential to eliminate cervical cancer in most countries in the world over the next century. In 2018, the Director-General of WHO made a global call to action for the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem. As a result, WHO has developed a global strategy towards eliminating cervical cancer as a public health problem due for endorsement at the World Health Assembly in May 2020, which proposes an elimination threshold of four cases per 100 000 women and includes 2030 triple-intervention coverage targets for scale-up of HPV vaccination of 90%, twice-lifetime cervical screening of 70%, and treatment of pre-invasive lesions and invasive cancer of 90%. As the first country to establish a national HPV immunization programme and one of the first countries to move to an HPV based screening programme, Australia has played a leading role in the global battle against cervical cancer and is on course to eliminate the disease within the next decade. However, while the burden of disease and the highest mortality from cervical cancer occur in lower income countries, factors such as the inequitable cervical cancer burden in Indigenous populations and vaccine hesitancy mean that significant barriers to the elimination of cervical cancer also exists within high-income countries. This session will have seven experts working in four countries within the Asia Pacific region. By sharing experiences and providing evidence-based guidance on key technical and strategic issues, we hope to generate a comprehensive understanding and new knowledge on factors impacting participation in, and the potential for effective scale up of, cervical cancer control programmes within the region. Presentation program Names of presenters -Dr Kate Simms is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Cancer Council NSW, Australia. Her research focusses on modelling the impact of HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening across a range of settings, including predictions for the potential elimination of cervical cancer across 181 countries. -Associate Professor Julia Brotherton is a public health physician and Medical Director of VCS Population Health. She is involved in research and policy development informing the implementation and evaluation of HPV vaccination programs in Australia and is member of the WHO Director General's Expert Advisory Group on Cervical Cancer Elimination. -Assistant Professor Sharon Hanley is a cancer epidemiologist at Hokkaido University, Japan. Her research interests include HPV vaccine hesitancy and HPV self-sampling to increase cervical screening uptake in never/under screened Japanese women. - Associate Professor Lisa Whop is an Indigenous Senior Research Fellow at the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. Her research focuses on improving health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with cancer, with a key focus on equity. - Dr Megan Smith is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow whose research focuses on optimizing and successfully implementing cervical cancer prevention, at the population level and in different population subgroups. She has contributed to a large number of reports to government, including several evaluations that have directly informed policy in Australia, New Zealand and England. -Professor Andrew Vallely is a clinical epidemiologist at the Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Australia. He recently completed a field evaluation comparing point-of-care Xpert HPV testing using self-collected specimens with visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA), to detect high-grade cervical disease. - Professor Woo Yin Ling is a Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at the University of Malaya. She is the programme designer of Project ROSE (Removal of Obstacles to Cervical Screening), a novel cervical screening research programme which employs HPV self-sampling and digital technology to increase access to cervical screening in Malaysia. Names of facilitator or chair Assistant Professor Sharon J.B. Hanley, Hokkaido University and Professor John Kaldor, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales?


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Singh

Abstract   Organisation(s): The Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Healthy Cities at the University of Adelaide, The Australian Institute of Machine Learning. Key contact person: Doctor Ankur Singh Focus and outcomes for participants The symposium will focus on four emerging methods which, because of the complexity and pervasiveness of the concepts housing and health, are highly relevant to progressing new knowledge in the field: New methods will be presented in the context of past and current international research in the field. Presentations will be interactive; embedded within each presentation will be discussion points to engage participants and extend discussion. Rationale for the symposium, including for its inclusion in the Congress A good housing system has the potential to play a key role in preventing poor health, and maximising good health. Much of the epidemiological research on which evidence for action rests however, describes generalised associations and correlations rather than intervention-oriented causal pathways or context appropriate predictions. Why? Housing and health are both complex concepts to measure and understand and the stark differences in the composition of people in less stable and unaffordable types of housing compared to the people considered to be well-housed makes it difficult to measure, let alone compare, health outcomes. Recent advances in methods and conceptual thinking have enabled us to do better at identifying underlying causal pathways generating a body of research that has utilised longitudinal data, fixed effects and hybrid regression analyses and marginal structural models to examine pathways between housing affordability and tenure (including social housing) and mental health. There is more to do however, with developments in methods rapidly occurring alongside greater data availability increasing the scope for causally focussed or more accurately predictive research on housing and health. The main theme of the congress is ‘Methodological Innovation in Epidemiology’ and a subtheme is ‘Translation from research to policy and practice’. Our symposium addresses both these themes. It will present the application of causal inference, machine learning, natural experiments and use of multistate simulation models to generate policy-relevant research for transforming housing policies. Presentation program Introduction and overview of the field, Peter Phibbs (Not confirmed) Peter Phibbs is a geographer, planner and social economist who been undertaking housing research for more than 25 years. He is Head of Urban Planning and Policy at the University of Sydney and Director of the Henry Halloran Trust. His recent research has been on the development of the affordable housing sector in Australia, the role of planning in affordable housing delivery, tenancy issues in remote Indigenous communities as well as the use of shared ownership models to improve affordability outcomes Natural experiments for housing and health, Rebecca Bentley Professor Rebecca Bentley is a Principal Research Fellow in Social Epidemiology in the Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health. Over the past ten years, Rebecca has developed a research program exploring the role of housing and residential location in shaping health and wellbeing in Australia. Machine learning for prediction & precision, Emma Baker Emma Baker is Professor of Housing Research and an ARC Future Fellow. Her work examines the impact of housing and location in urban and regional environments, producing academic, as well as policy-relevant research. Dr Baker's recent publications include analyses of the housing implications of economic, social, and spatial change in Australia, work quantifying health effects of housing tenure and affordability, research on the effects of precarious and vulnerable housing. Opportunities and challenges in using multistate lifetable models for housing interventions, Ankur Singh Ankur is a Lecturer (Epidemiology) and a Research Fellow in Social Epidemiology at the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health. In his current role, Ankur applies advanced quantitative as well as evidence synthesis methods such as multilevel modelling, causal mediation techniques, simulation modelling based on multistate lifetables, and systematic and scoping reviews. Within the Centre for Health Equity, Ankur works collaboratively with a team of researchers interested in quantitative research on Social and Spatial Epidemiology. Key focus areas of the research group include housing related health inequalities, intergenerational health inequalities and urban environments and health. Maximising the research power of longitudinal data, Zoe Aitken (Not confirmed) Zoe Aitken is a research fellow at the Gender and Women's Health Unit at the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health. She has been working at the University of Melbourne since 2011 to pursue her interest in social epidemiology and was awarded an NHMRC postdoctoral scholarship in April 2015. She has a particular interest in the analysis of longitudinal studies to answer causal questions about the complex interplay between socio-economic disadvantage and health. Flexible modelling and effective visualisation, Koen Simons Dr Koen Simons obtained a Masters degree in Physics form the University of Gent and a Masters degree in Statistics from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, focussing on sparsity and shrinkage estimators. He completed his PhD at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, performing simulation studies of ensemble methods with applications for short-term health effects of air pollution. He is currently providing biostatistical advise for both clinical trials and epidemiological studies at Western Health and RMIT, and applying causal inference models to problems in health equity. Conclusions and final comments Names of facilitator or chair Rebecca Bentley


Author(s):  
Ka Wong ◽  
Ranee Thakar ◽  
Abdul Sultan ◽  
Vasanth Andrews

Background: Women with missed Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs) are at an increased risk of anal incontinence. Objective: To assess the accuracy of 3D Transperineal Ultrasound (TPUS) compared with clinical examination for detecting OASIs. Design: Prospective Observational longitudinal cohort study. Setting: District General Hospital, UK. Population or sample: Women undergoing their first vaginal delivery immediately postpartum. Methods: Perineal trauma was initially assessed by accouchers and women were then re-examined by a trained research fellow. A 3D TPUS was performed immediately after delivery before suturing to look for OASIs. Main outcome measures: OASIs on clinical examination and on TPUS Main Results: Two hundred and sixty-four women participated and two hundred and twenty-six (86%) delivered vaginally. Twenty-one (9%) sustained OASIs. Six (29%) of these tears were missed by the accoucher but were identified by the trained research fellow. TPUS identified 19 of the 21 (90.5%) OASIs. One percent (n = 2) had sonographic appearances of an anal sphincter defect and were not seen clinically. The positive and negative predictive of TPUS to detect OASIs were 91% and 99% respectively. TPUS identified 91% of OASIs compared to 71% detected by the accoucher. However, this was not statistically significant. Conclusions: More OASIs were identified on TPUS compared to examination. TPUS may have role in improving the detection rate of OASIs. Considering immense training and financial implications of using TPUS, attention needs to be focused on training to accurately identify anal sphincter defects on clinical examination. Funding:none Keywords: transperineal ultrasound imaging, obstetric anal sphincter injury


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