THE REBATE EFFECT: AN ATTEMPT TO MEASURE THE EFFECTS OF LOYALTY DISCOUNTS ON THE COMPETITIVE PROCESS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Rencoret
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Process

scholarly journals Zombie Lending and Depressed Restructuring in Japan

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1943-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo J Caballero ◽  
Takeo Hoshi ◽  
Anil K Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Competitive Process ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Zombie Lending ◽  
Job Creation And Destruction ◽  
Productivity Gap

Large Japanese banks often engaged in sham loan restructurings that kept credit flowing to otherwise insolvent borrowers (which we call zombies). We examine the implications of suppressing the normal competitive process whereby the zombies would shed workers and lose market share. The congestion created by the zombies reduces the profits for healthy firms, which discourages their entry and investment. We confirm that zombie-dominated industries exhibit more depressed job creation and destruction, and lower productivity. We present firm-level regressions showing that the increase in zombies depressed the investment and employment growth of non-zombies and widened the productivity gap between zombies and non-zombies. (JEL G21, G32, L25)

scholarly journals Telecommunications Deregulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry A Hausman ◽  
William E Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Effective Competition ◽  
Competitive Process ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Telecommunications Deregulation

From Fred Kahn's writings and experiences as a telecommunications regulator and commenter, we draw the following conclusions: prices must be informed by costs; costs are actual incremental costs; costs and prices are an outcome of a Schumpeterian competitive process, not the starting point; excluding incumbents from markets is fundamentally anticompetitive; and a regulatory transition to deregulation entails propensities to micromanage the process to generate preferred outcomes, visible competitors and expedient price reductions. And most important, where effective competition takes place among platforms characterized by sunk investment—land-line telephony, cable and wireless —traditional regulation is unnecessary and likely to be anticompetitive.

scholarly journals Designing Competition Policy for Telecommunications

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen O. Robinson ◽  
Dennis L. Weisman
Keyword(s):  
Competition Policy ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Dynamic Efficiency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Competitive Outcome ◽  
Static Efficiency ◽  
Competitive Process ◽  
Welfare Losses ◽  
Network Sharing

This paper explores the role of the essential facilities doctrine in circumscribing the scope of network sharing obligations in telecommunications. Among other things it argues that a proper application of the doctrine of essential facilities should recognize the prominence of dynamic over static efficiency in promoting consumer welfare. Regulators may be averse to recognizing these tradeoffs because unlike the behavior of prices the welfare losses from foregone innovation may be unobservable to the regulators' constituency. Moreover, an emphasis on dynamic efficiency requires the short-term regulator to take the "long view" – fostering the competitive process rather than emulating the competitive outcome.

Liquid coordination complexes: a new class of Lewis acids as safer alternatives to BF3 in synthesis of polyalphaolefins

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1831-1841 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Hogg ◽  
Fergal Coleman ◽  
Albert Ferrer-Ugalde ◽  
Martin P. Atkins ◽  
Małgorzata Swadźba-Kwaśny
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Coordination Complexes ◽  
New Class ◽  
Competitive Process ◽  
Low Viscosity

Low-viscosity polyalphaolefins were synthesised using AlCl3-based liquid coordination complexes (LCCs), in a sustainable and economically competitive process.

Enhancing the Alternative Cellular Energy (ACE) Pathway with KELEA Activated Water as Therapy for Infectious Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. John Martin
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Electrostatic Attraction ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Competitive Process ◽  
Environmental Force

: Many infectious diseases have yet to be conquered by modern medicine. This is generally attributed to both a failure of the immune system and the lack of an effective anti-microbial pharmaceutical. Infections can be regarded as a competitive process between the microbe and the host for cellular energy-generated resources. Cells obtain energy not only from the metabolism of food but also from the alternative cellular energy (ACE) pathway. This pathway utilizes an environmental force termed KELEA (kinetic energy limiting electrostatic attraction), which provides an added kinetic/chemical energy to the body’s fluids. The ACE pathway can be enhanced through the use of KELEA activated water, which is currently available under different names from several sources. Enhancing the body’s ACE pathway, including the use of a wearable waterceutical, provides a novel means of potentially increasing the body’s resistance against all infectious diseases.

Tailoring critical loss to the competitive process

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 105969
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Coate ◽  
Shawn W. Ulrick ◽  
John M. Yun
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Process
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