Late Miocene Elevated Horizontal Caves on the Highest Planation and its Significance for Karst Landform Evolution in Southern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiumin Zhai ◽  
Yuanhai Zhang ◽  
Xinggong Kong ◽  
Philip John Rowsell ◽  
Zhijun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Landform Evolution ◽  
Karst Landform

Chemical weathering and erosion responses to changing monsoon climate in the Late Miocene of Southwest Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D Clift ◽  
Denise K Kulhanek ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Melanie G Bowen ◽  
Sophie M Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Flood Plains ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Climatic Transition ◽  
Oceanic Upwelling ◽  
The Pearl River ◽  
International Ocean Discovery Program

AbstractThe late Miocene is a time of strong environmental change in SW Asia. Himalayan foreland stable isotope data show a shift in the dominant vegetation of the flood plains away from trees and shrubs towards more C4 grasslands at a time when oceanic upwelling increased along the Oman margin. We present integrated geochemical and colour spectral records from International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1456 in the eastern Arabian Sea to reconstruct changing chemical weathering and erosion, as well as relative humidity during this climatic transition. Increasing hematite/goethite ratios derived from spectral data are consistent with long-term drying after c. 7.7 Ma. Times of dry conditions are largely associated with weaker chemical alteration measured by K/Rb and reduced coarse clastic flux, constrained by Si/Al and Zr/Al. A temporary phase of increased humidity from 6.3 to 5.95 Ma shows a reversal to stronger weathering and erosion. Wetter conditions can result in both more and less alteration due to the nonlinear relationship between weathering rates, precipitation and sediment transport times. Trends in relative aridity do not follow existing palaeoceanographic records and are not apparently linked to changes in Tibetan or Himalayan elevation, but more closely correlate with global cooling. An apparent opposing trend in the humidity evolution in the Indus compared to southern China, as tracked by spectrally estimated hematite/goethite, likely reflects differences in the topography in the Indus compared to the Pearl River drainage basins, as well as the generally wetter climate in southern China.

scholarly journals Juvenile hominoid cranium from the late Miocene of southern China and hominoid diversity in Asia

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (18) ◽  
pp. 6882-6885 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kelley ◽  
F. Gao
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Southern China

Morphology and ultrastructure of Sellaphora constrictum sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new diatom from southern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 327 (3) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q-M. YOU ◽  
J.P. KOCIOLEK ◽  
M-J. CAI ◽  
R.L. LOWE ◽  
Y. LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Round Opening ◽  
Karst Landform ◽  
Freshwater Environments

A new diatom species, Sellaphora constrictum sp. nov., is reported from a karst landform in the Maolan Nature Reserve, Guizhou Province, China. Valves of the new species are broadly linear, slightly constricted in the middle part of the margins and have round apices, an undulate filiform to lateral raphe, a narrow axial area and a narrow conopeum bordering axial area on each side. This species also has undulate ridges along the margin and near the center of the valve, giving the impression of longitudinal ridges on either side of the axial area under light microscopy. Internally, a round opening is present in the apex of the valve, and thickened transverse bars are absent in this region. There are two types of areolae on the valve exterior. Together these features distinguish the new species from all others currently assigned to the genus. We discuss the growing number of new species and genera from freshwater environments in China, and interpretations about the delineation of the genus Sellaphora.

scholarly journals Strong winter monsoon wind causes surface cooling over India and China in the Late Miocene

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tang ◽  
J. T. Eronen ◽  
A. Kaakinen ◽  
T. Utescher ◽  
B. Ahrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Northern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Monsoon Wind

Abstract. Modern Asian winter monsoon characterised by the strong northwesterly wind in East Asia and northeasterly wind in South Asia, has a great impact on the surface temperature of the Asian continent. Its outbreak can result in significant cooling of the monsoon region. However, it is still unclear whether such an impact existed and is detectable in the deep past. In this study, we use temperature reconstructions from plant and mammal fossil data together with climate model results to examine the co-evolution of surface temperature and winter monsoon in the Late Miocene (11–5 Ma), when a significant change of the Asian monsoon system occurred. We find that a stronger-than-present winter monsoon wind might have existed in the Late Miocene due to the lower Asian orography, particularly the northern Tibetan Plateau and the mountains north of it. This can lead to a pronounced cooling in southern China and northern India, which counteracts the generally warmer conditions in the Late Miocene compared to present. The Late Miocene strong winter monsoon was characterised by a marked westerly component and primarily caused by a pressure anomaly between the Tibetan Plateau and Northern Eurasia, rather than by the gradient between the Siberian High and the Aleutian Low. As a result, the close association of surface temperature with winter monsoon strength on inter-annual scale as observed at present may not have established in the Late Miocene.

scholarly journals DYNAMIC INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANDFORM EVOLUTIONS, HUMAN HABITATION AND BIODIVERSITY IN GUNUNG SEWU KARST, JAVA-INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Haryono ◽  
Jarwo Yuwono Edy Susetyo ◽  
Lies Rahayu Wijayanti Faida
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Dry Valleys ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Landform Evolution ◽  
Karst Landform ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Carbonate Formations ◽  
Modern Era

Gunung Sewu Karst is situated in the faulted block of Southern Java Zone, Indonesia. The area has been uplifted since the Late Pliocene. Three major uplift phases were reported to have been taking place, resulting in the exposure of Miocene carbonate rocks. Prevailing tropical monsoon climate has made it possible for the carbonate formations to evolve through karstification process. Three phases of the uplifting thereafter have resulted in three karst landform evolution. Karst landform evolution in Gunung Sewu Karst inevitably determined pre-historic human habitation. During the first stage when surface river was active, human settlement occupied open space along river courses. When the caves were exposed in the second stage, human settlement moved to the caves and distributed along dry valleys or near doline ponds. Cave habitations ended when major depression dried out provisions of extensive agricultural land. In the modern era, the situation was inverted in which the human habitation was determined by geomorphologic processes. Soil erosion was accelerated due to deforestation and agricultural land intensifications. Native species were replaced by exotic species commodities. Big mammals mentioned above were extinct.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document