scholarly journals Pseudo regular elements in a normed ring

1992 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Richard Arens
Keyword(s):  
Regular Elements ◽  
Normed Ring

scholarly journals THE SMOOTHNESS OF ORBITAL MEASURES ON NONCOMPACT SYMMETRIC SPACES

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
SANJIV KUMAR GUPTA ◽  
KATHRYN E. HARE
Keyword(s):  
Symmetric Space ◽  
Symmetric Spaces ◽  
Continuous Measure ◽  
Convolution Product ◽  
Absolutely Continuous ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Connected Subgroup ◽  
Decay Properties ◽  
Absolutely Continuous Measure ◽  
Special Case

Abstract Let $G/K$ be an irreducible symmetric space, where G is a noncompact, connected Lie group and K is a compact, connected subgroup. We use decay properties of the spherical functions to show that the convolution product of any $r=r(G/K)$ continuous orbital measures has its density function in $L^{2}(G)$ and hence is an absolutely continuous measure with respect to the Haar measure. The number r is approximately the rank of $G/K$ . For the special case of the orbital measures, $\nu _{a_{i}}$ , supported on the double cosets $Ka_{i}K$ , where $a_{i}$ belongs to the dense set of regular elements, we prove the sharp result that $\nu _{a_{1}}\ast \nu _{a_{2}}\in L^{2},$ except for the symmetric space of Cartan class $AI$ when the convolution of three orbital measures is needed (even though $\nu _{a_{1}}\ast \nu _{a_{2}}$ is absolutely continuous).

scholarly journals ON MATRIX KP AND SUPER-KP HIERARCHIES IN THE HOMOGENEOUS GRADING

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 3257-3295 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. TOPPAN
Keyword(s):  
Power Series ◽  
Symmetric Spaces ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Hermitian Symmetric Spaces ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Symmetry Properties ◽  
Alternating Sums ◽  
Spectral Parameter Power Series ◽  
Special Limit ◽  
Free Parameters

Constrained KP and super-KP hierarchies of integrable equations (generalized NLS hierarchies) are systematically produced through a Lie-algebraic AKS matrix framework associated with the homogeneous grading. The role played by different regular elements in defining the corresponding hierarchies is analyzed, as well as the symmetry properties under the Weyl group transformations. The coset structure of higher order Hamiltonian densities is proven. For a generic Lie algebra the hierarchies considered here are integrable and essentially dependent on continuous free parameters. The bosonic hierarchies studied in Refs. 1 and 2 are obtained as special limit restrictions on Hermitian symmetric spaces. In the supersymmetric case the homogeneous grading is introduced consistently by using alternating sums of bosons and fermions in the spectral parameter power series. The bosonic hierarchies obtained from [Formula: see text] and the supersymmetric ones derived from the N=1 affinization of sl (2), sl (3) and osp (1|2) are explicitly constructed. An unexpected result is found: only a restricted subclass of the sl (3) bosonic hierarchies can be supersymmetrically extended while preserving integrability.

scholarly journals Simplex algebras and their representation

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
M. S. Vijayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Left Ideal ◽  
Maximal Ideal ◽  
Banach Algebras ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nonempty Interior ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Maximal Left Ideal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Order Identity ◽  
Real Matrices

This paper establishes a relationship (Theorem 4.1) between the approaches of A. C. Thompson [8, 9] and E. G. Effros [2] to the representation of simplex algebras, that is, real unital Banach algebras that are simplex spaces with the unit for order identity. It proves that the (nonempty) interior of the associated cone is contained in the principal component of the set of all regular elements of the algebra. It also conjectures that each maximal ideal (in the order sense—see below) of a simplex algebra contains a maximal left ideal of the algebra. This conjecture and other aspects of the relationship are illustrated by considering algebras of n × n real matrices.

scholarly journals A note on Noetherian orders in Artinian rings

1979 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Chatters
Keyword(s):  
Noetherian Ring ◽  
Quotient Ring ◽  
Triangular Matrix ◽  
Idempotent Element ◽  
Noetherian Rings ◽  
Central Idempotent ◽  
Matrix Rings ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Zero Divisors ◽  
Left And Right

Throughout this note, rings are associative with identity element but are not necessarily commutative. Let R be a left and right Noetherian ring which has an Artinian (classical) quotient ring. It was shown by S. M. Ginn and P. B. Moss [2, Theorem 10] that there is a central idempotent element e of R such that eR is the largest Artinian ideal of R. We shall extend this result, using a different method of proof, to show that the idempotent e is also related to the socle of R/N (where N, throughout, denotes the largest nilpotent ideal of R) and to the intersection of all the principal right (or left) ideals of R generated by regular elements (i.e. by elements which are not zero-divisors). There are many examples of left and right Noetherian rings with Artinian quotient rings, e.g. commutative Noetherian rings in which all the associated primes of zero are minimal together with full or triangular matrix rings over such rings. It was shown by L. W. Small that if R is any left and right Noetherian ring then R has an Artinian quotient ring if and only if the regular elements of R are precisely the elements c of R such that c + N is a regular element of R/N (for further details and examples see [5] and [6]). By the largest Artinian ideal of R we mean the sum of all the Artinian right ideals of R, and it was shown by T. H. Lenagan in [3] that this coincides in any left and right Noetherian ring R with the sum of all the Artinian left ideals of R.

Inverse complements and strongly unit regular elements

2021 ◽  
pp. 2250190
Author(s):  
Umashankara Kelathaya ◽  
Savitha Varkady ◽  
Manjunatha Prasad Karantha
Keyword(s):  
Partial Order ◽  
Regular Element ◽  
Generalized Inverse ◽  
Generalized Inverses ◽  
Order Unit ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Strongly Regular ◽  
Minus Partial Order

In this paper, the notion of “strongly unit regular element”, for which every reflexive generalized inverse is associated with an inverse complement, is introduced. Noting that every strongly unit regular element is unit regular, some characterizations of unit regular elements are obtained in terms of inverse complements and with the help of minus partial order. Unit generalized inverses of given unit regular element are characterized as sum of reflexive generalized inverses and the generators of its annihilators. Surprisingly, it has been observed that the class of strongly regular elements and unit regular elements are the same. Also, several classes of generalized inverses are characterized in terms of inverse complements.

scholarly journals Green's relations for regular elements of sandwich semigroups, II; semigroups of continuous functions

1978 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Magill ◽  
S. Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Functions ◽  
Maximal Subgroups ◽  
Green’S Relations ◽  
Boolean Ring ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Ring Homomorphisms ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Green's Relations ◽  
Sandwich Semigroup ◽  
Sandwich Semigroups

AbstractA sandwich semigroup of continuous functions consists of continuous functions with domains all in some space X and ranges all in some space Y with multiplication defined by fg = foαog where α is a fixed continuous function from a subspace of Y into X. These semigroups include, as special cases, a number of semigroups previously studied by various people. In this paper, we characterize the regular elements of such semigroups and we completely determine Green's relations for the regular elements. We also determine the maximal subgroups and, finally, we apply some of these results to semigroups of Boolean ring homomorphisms.

scholarly journals Grid convergence study of a cyclone separator using different mesh structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A.F. Oliveira ◽  
G.H. Justi ◽  
G.C. Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mesh Structure ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Regular Elements ◽  
Grid Convergence ◽  
Grid Convergence Index ◽  
Mesh Structures

In a cyclone design, pressure drop and collection efficiency are two important performance parameters to estimate its implementation viability. The optimum design provides higher efficiencies and lower pressure drops. In this paper, a grid independence study was performed to determine the most appropriate mesh to simulate the two-phase flow in a Stairmand cyclone. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) tools were used to simulate the flow in an Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Two different mesh structure, one with wall-refinement and the other with regular elements, and several mesh sizes were tested. The grid convergence index (GCI) method was applied to evaluate the result independence. The CFD model results were compared with empirical correlations from bibliography, showing good agreement. The wall-refined mesh with 287 thousand elements obtained errors of 9.8% for collection efficiency and 14.2% for pressure drop, while the same mesh, with regular elements, obtained errors of 8.7% for collection efficiency and 0.01% for pressure drop.

On Certain Extensions of Function Rings

1959 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Bernhard Banaschewski
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Galois Extension ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Banach Algebras ◽  
Faithful Representation ◽  
Normal Extension ◽  
Invariance Group ◽  
Group Of Automorphisms ◽  
Normed Ring ◽  
Function Ring

The present note is concerned with the existence and properties of certain types of extensions of Banach algebras which allow a faithful representation as the normed ring C(E) of all bounded continuous real functions on some topological space E. These Banach algebras can be characterized intrinsically in various ways (1); they will be called function rings here. A function ring E will be called a normal extension of a function ring G if E is directly indecomposable, contains C as a Banach subalgebra and possesses a group G of automorphisms for which C is the ring of invariants, that is, the set of all elements fixed under G. G will then be called a group of automorphisms of E over C. If E is a normal extension of C with precisely one group of automorphisms over C, which is then the invariance group of C in E, then E will be called a Galois extension of C. Such an extension will be called finite if its group is finite.

Semigroups with Quasi-Zeroes

1980 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Rankin ◽  
C. M. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Left Identity ◽  
Regular Elements

Let S be a semigroup. An element a ∈ S is said to be a left quasi-zero if <a>x ⋂ <a> ≠ ∅ for all x ∈ S, where <a> denotes the cyclic sub-semigroup of S generated by a. In a recent study [6] of semigroups with a maximum right congruence, such elements proved to be useful in providing characterizations of these semigroups. Left quasizeroes have appeared in the literature under different names in a variety of situations. In the context of semigroup radicals, left quasi-zeroes are called right quasi-regular elements, where an element is defined to be right quasi-regular if it is not a left identity for any right congruence other than the universal congruence (see [4], [5], [2], [7], and [8]).

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