scholarly journals THE HUMAN GUT MICROBIOME: CONSIDERATIONS TOWARD REGULATORY TESTING FOR DRUGS AND VACCINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 451-452
Author(s):  
Antonio Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiome ◽  
Regulatory Authorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance ◽  
Regulatory Testing ◽  
Post Marketing

Health regulatory authorities worldwide are tasked with approving drugs, medical devices, and vaccines to ensure their safety, efficacy, and quality for public use. Significantly over the past three decades, testing of these products has witnessed increasingly stringent tests due to advancing scientific knowledge and technology. Specifically, the relatively new field of studies on the human gut microbiome and its interactions with drugs and vaccines may accumulate enough evidence in the future to justify its testing prior to regulatory approval or during post-marketing surveillance.

scholarly journals Components of a Neanderthal gut microbiome recovered from fecal sediments from El Salt

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Rampelli ◽  
Silvia Turroni ◽  
Carolina Mallol ◽  
Cristo Hernandez ◽  
Bertila Galván ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Paleolithic Site ◽  
Human Gut Microbiome ◽  
The Past

AbstractA comprehensive view of our evolutionary history cannot ignore the ancestral features of our gut microbiota. To provide some glimpse into the past, we searched for human gut microbiome components in ancient DNA from 14 archeological sediments spanning four stratigraphic units of El Salt Middle Paleolithic site (Spain), including layers of unit X, which has yielded well-preserved Neanderthal occupation deposits dating around 50 kya. According to our findings, bacterial genera belonging to families known to be part of the modern human gut microbiome are abundantly represented only across unit X samples, showing that well-known beneficial gut commensals, such as Blautia, Dorea, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium already populated the intestinal microbiome of Homo since as far back as the last common ancestor between humans and Neanderthals.

Methotrexate-Induced Shifts in the Human Gut Microbiome Decrease Immune Activation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renuka R. Nayak ◽  
Margaret Alexander ◽  
Ishani Deshpande ◽  
Kye Stapleton-Grey ◽  
Carles Ubeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Activation ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiome

scholarly journals Taxonomic signatures of cause-specific mortality risk in human gut microbiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaro Salosensaari ◽  
Ville Laitinen ◽  
Aki S. Havulinna ◽  
Guillaume Meric ◽  
Susan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Human Gut Microbiome ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sequencing Technologies

AbstractThe collection of fecal material and developments in sequencing technologies have enabled standardised and non-invasive gut microbiome profiling. Microbiome composition from several large cohorts have been cross-sectionally linked to various lifestyle factors and diseases. In spite of these advances, prospective associations between microbiome composition and health have remained uncharacterised due to the lack of sufficiently large and representative population cohorts with comprehensive follow-up data. Here, we analyse the long-term association between gut microbiome variation and mortality in a well-phenotyped and representative population cohort from Finland (n = 7211). We report robust taxonomic and functional microbiome signatures related to the Enterobacteriaceae family that are associated with mortality risk during a 15-year follow-up. Our results extend previous cross-sectional studies, and help to establish the basis for examining long-term associations between human gut microbiome composition, incident outcomes, and general health status.

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