scholarly journals General and specific combining ability of cotton germplasm in Mozambique using circulant dialells

2021 ◽  
pp. 933-939
Author(s):  
Leonel Domingos Moiana ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Manuel Pedro Maleia ◽  
Sudanailly Mufambira ◽  
Joaquim João ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton

The genetic diversity of species is an important way to maintain the natural capacity to respond to climate change and all stresses. This study aimed to estimate the general combining ability (GCA) and the specific combining ability (SCA) of the characteristics among 41 cotton cultivars and 9 inbred lines using circulant diallel. In 2016, 41 cultivars and 9 inbred lines and 75 hybrid combinations were evaluated at the Namialo Cotton Research and Seed and Multiplication Centre in the Meconta District, Nampula province. The experimental design was Federer's augmented blocks with four repetitions. The evaluated characteristics were: days for 50% of flowering (DAFlw), days for 50% of fruiting (DAFrut), plant height, average number of bolls (AnB), seed cotton yield in kilograms per hectare (Yield) and the mass of one hundred seeds (M100). The algorithm for establishing diallel crosses was based on Kempthorne and Curnow, where S was equal to 3. There was a predominance of non-additive effects for all characteristics analysed. The genotypes ALBAR FQ 902, IRMA 12-43 and MARICO showed greater additive effects for DAFlw, DAFrut, AnB, Yield and, M100

scholarly journals Performance of testers with different genetic structure for evaluation of maize inbred lines

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauro José Moreira Guimarães ◽  
Glauco Vieira Miranda ◽  
Rodrigo Oliveira DeLima ◽  
Ciro Maia ◽  
Lucimar Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

The objective of this study was to evaluate four maize testers for identification of superior inbreed lines in testcross. The four testers evaluated are cultivars with narrow or wide genetic base (single-cross hybrids and open pollinated varieties) and two kernel types (flint or dent). SynD and SynF testers are open pollinated varieties with dent and flint kernels, respectively, and FSH and DSH testers are single-cross hybrids with flint and dent kernels, respectively. SynD tester showed the biggest genetic variance among the maize inbreed lines in crosses. The effects of general combining ability (GCA) for lines and specific combining ability (SCA) for lines x testers were significant, whereas GCA effects for testers were not significant. SynD and SynF testers identified the largest number of lines with higher GCA. The DSH and FSH testers showed suitable to identify lines with high SCA. It was concluded that SynD and SynF testers are adequate to identify inbreed lines with high GCA effects, and it's possible to identify new lines with high heterotic potential in each one of the four testers.

GENERAL, SPECIFIC, MATERNAL AND RECIPROCAL EFFECTS FOR EWE PRODUCTIVITY IN CROSSING FIVE BREEDS OF SHEEP

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
W. E. REMPEL ◽  
W. J. BOYLAN ◽  
K. P. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Stations ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
The University

Five breeds of sheep (Minnesota 100, 102, 103 and 105, and Shropshire), and their two breed crosses, including reciprocals, were raised at the University of Minnesota's Agricultural Experiment Stations, Rosemount and Waseca. Included in this study were 421 purebred and 1037 crossbred ewes and their 367 purebred and 849 Suffolk-sired crossbred lambs born over a 5-yr period. Estimates of heterosis, pure breed, general, specific, maternal and reciprocal effects were obtained for fertility, prolificacy, livability, overall reproduction, and total and average lamb weights per ewe at birth and weaning (100 days). Significant differences were observed for prolificacy, livability, and total and average lamb weights per ewe at birth and weaning. General combining ability was important (P < 0.01) for prolificacy and average lamb weight per ewe at birth and weaning. Specific combining ability was significant for prolificacy, total lamb weight per ewe at birth, and average lamb weight per ewe at weaning. Maternal and reciprocal effects were not important (P > 0.05). Significant interactions of location with specific combining ability and maternal ability were observed for average lamb weight per ewe at weaning. Breeds ranked differently on purebred performance and general combining ability. Heterosis, pure breeds, and general and specific combining ability had important effects. Therefore, both additive and non-additive effects should be considered in developing breeding strategies to maximize productivity for commercial lamb production. Key words: Sheep, breed, ewe productivity, genetic effects

scholarly journals Combining ability of grain sorghum lines selected for Aluminum tolerance

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cicero Beserra Menezes ◽  
Geraldo Afonso de Carvalho Júnior ◽  
Lidianne Assis Silva ◽  
Karine Costa Bernardino ◽  
Vander Fillipe Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Male Line

The purpose of this study was to estimate combining ability of 58 sorghum lines previously selected for Aluminum (Al) tolerance. One hundred sixty-five hybrids were evaluated at three levels of Al saturation (0%, 20% and 50%) at the same season. General Combining Ability (GCA) effects were significant for female lines for all three traits. GCA effects for male lines were significant only for plant height. Specific Combining Ability (SCA) effects were significant only for flowering time. The ratio GCA to SCA was greater than the unity, indicating the prevalence of additive effects for the control of Al tolerance. F7, F14, F17, F20, F21, F24, F29, F31, F41, F42, F48, F51, F54 and F55 lines contributed to increase yield, while F29, F48 and F51 also contributed to reduce flowering time. M2 was the best male line since it contributed to increase yield and plant height, and to reduce flowering time.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Heterotic Orientation of South Africa Maize Inbred Lines Towards Tropical and Temperate Testers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siphiwokuhle Funani Shandu ◽  
John Derera ◽  
Kingston Mashingaidze ◽  
Edmore Gasura
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Abstract An efficient hybrid breeding program defines and utilizes few heterotic groups. The objectives of this study were to determine genetic diversity and alignment of South Africa maize inbred lines collection towards tropical and temperate testers. Forty-two maize inbred lines were genotyped with 56110 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DNA markers, using the Illumina MaizeSNP50 Bead chip. The 42 lines were crossed to two tropical and two temperate inbred line testers. The testcrosses were evaluated across seven environments, in South Africa, during 2014-2016. Genotypes and specific combining ability (SCA) effects of hybrids were significantly different (P<0.05) for grain yield. There was a weak correlation between molecular genetic distances and both grain yield mean and specific combining ability effects of hybrids, indicating that productivity of maize inbred lines could not be reliably determined based on molecular genetic distances. The SCA data was capable of classifying these maize inbred lines into three heterotic groups with respect to both tropical and temperate testers. Only a few lines could not be grouped on the basis of SCA data. The study also indicated high level of diversity among the maize inbred lines, which was shown by both the dendogram and molecular genetic distances. The SNP marker data classified the inbred lines into 11 clusters that could be simplified into three major groups of normal maize endosperm and two groups of quality protein maize (QPM) endosperm types. However, the SNP data indicated that maize lines were more aligned towards tropical than temperate inbred testers. This information would be useful for simplifying heterotic classification of the lines with profound implications for breeding progress.

scholarly journals Determination of General and Specific Combining Ability of Five Upland Cotton Cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Habib R. Lakho ◽  
Ayaz A. Soomro ◽  
Muhammad A. R. Rashid ◽  
Shabana Memon
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Seed Index

<p>The present investigation was aimed to determine the general combining ability of the parental lines and specific combining ability of the hybrids respectively and also heterotic effect of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids for some agro-economical traits in upland cotton. Five parent genotypes viz. NIAB-78, Chandi-95, Haridost, CRIS-134 and Shahbaz were used to generate ten F<sub>1</sub> hybrids through diallel mating design. The seeds of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids along with their parents were sown in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications during 2009-10. All the traits showed highly significant variation and GCA and SCA variances were also significant for all the parameters studied. Among the parents, NIAB-78, Haridost and CRIS-134 were best general combiners for plant height, sympodial branches per plant, bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield per plant, GOT% and seed index. Cross NIAB-78×Chandi-95 was best specific combiner for plant height and bolls per plant and CRIS-134×Haridost for sympodial branches per plant. However, the hybrid Chandi-95×CRIS-134 proved best specific combiner for seed cotton yield per plant and GOT%, while NIAB-78×CRIS-134 gave maximum SCA effects for seed index.</p>

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY OF SUNFLOWER INBRED LINES FOR in vitro TRAITS / APTITUD COMBINATORIA DE LÍNEAS ENDOCRIADAS DE GIRASOL PARA CARACTERES in vitro / VALEUR EN COMBINAISON DE LIGNÉES DE TOURNESOL POUR CARACTÉRES in vitro

Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
G. Nestares ◽  
M.L. Mayor ◽  
R. Zorzoli ◽  
L. Mroginski ◽  
L. Picardi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Additive Component

SUMMARYSix cytoplasmic male sterile lines used as females were crossed with four fertile lines used as males in a factorial design. The 24 F1 hybrids obtained were evaluated in vitro for their organogenesis ability from cotyledonary explants. The regeneration medium was MS supplemented with 200 mg/l of glutamine, 1 mg/l of indol-3-acetic acid and 2 mg/l of kinetin. The experimental design was a complete randomized block in 2 replications. General combining ability variances were significant for some of the in vitro traits, while the variance due to specific combining ability was nonsignificant in all cases. Some of these positive and negative values of general combining ability were significant for the studied traits. These results suggest the importance of the additive component in the genetic control of the studied in vitro traits.

Development of superior hybrids for fibre quality based on heterosis and combining ability in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Sukhdeep Singh Sivia ◽  
S. S. Siwach ◽  
O. Sangwan ◽  
Sunayana .
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Fibre Quality ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Cotton Breeding ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield

The cultivated Gossypium spp. represents the most important, natural fibre crop in the world. Breeding for high cotton yield is still the primary goal of cotton breeding programs, but improving fibre quality has become increasingly important. The enhancement of fibre quality traits like fibre length, strength, and fibre fineness is an essential requirement for the modern textile industry. The objective of this study was to facilitate the selection in cotton breeding program and estimate the general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of hybrids considered for the development of high yielding and better fiber quality in early generations. The study was carried out at cotton research area, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India) during 2014 and 2015 kharif season. Fifteen cotton lines (which have maximum diversity) and four testers (which are known as well adapted and high yielding) were crossed in a line x tester mating design in 2014. Nineteen genotypes and 60 F1 hybrids were planted in the randomized complete block design with three replications at the same experimental area in 2015. The ratio of δ2 GCA /δ2 SCA was less than unity for all the nine characters indicating preponderance of non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis), which is an important in exploitation of heterosis through hybrid breeding. The best general combining ability was detected from the parent H1470 for seed cotton yield, H1464 and H1098-i for fiber quality traits. SCA was significant for AC726 x H1236, ISR12 x H1226, HR1 x H1117 hybrid combinations for yield and fiber quality. The crosses H1470 x H1236 and H1470 x H1098-i were reported good heterosis for seed cotton yield as well as for fibre quality, selected the best hybrids were H1464 x H1098-i and H1463 x H1226. These cross combinations involved at least one parent with high or average GCA effect for a particular trait. The cross combination involving H1470, H1098-i and H1464 parents’ recorded significant positive heterosis with acceptable SCA effect for both yield and fibre quality parameters. This investigation concluded that the parents H1470, H1098-i and H1464 can be used in hybrid development programme with better fibre quality.

scholarly journals A Line × Tester analysis for some seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits in upland cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Aziz Ullah ◽  
Amir Shakeel ◽  
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Muhammad Majid Yar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Fiber Quality Traits ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Fiber Fineness

The objective of the present study was to estimate general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of crosses for the development of high yielding cotton varieties. The study was carried out at the experimental area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. A line × tester analysis was made to identify the superior general and specific combiners for seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits in upland cotton. Five lines/females (FH-114, FH-1000, CIM-448, CIM-707, NIAB-111) and three testers/males (TH-41-83, Cocker-307 and Allepo-41) were crossed to develop 15 F1 hybrids. These genotypes were evaluated along with parents in RCBD with three replications. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares for seed cotton yield, lint percentage, fiber fineness, fiber strength and fiber length were significant. The fiber fineness showed greater importance of additive gene effect while seed cotton yield, lint percentage, fiber strength and fiber length exhibited non additive genetic effects. Parents FH-114 and NIAB-111 among lines and COKER-307 from testers were found as good general combiners for most of the traits. Hence, these parents proved worth to be used in hybridization and selection program for extracting desirable plants from segregating population. F1 crosses CIM-707 × COKER-307, CIM-707 × ALLEPO-41 and FH-1000 × COKER-307, by and large, exhibited their superiority for all traits studied and were noted as the best specific combiners. Therefore, these crosses may be preferred to improve several traits simultaneously by selection or may be used for hybrid cotton crop development

HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY, AND PREDICTED SYNTHETICS FROM A DIALLEL CROSS IN SUNFLOWERS (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Putt
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Mature Weight

Heterosis occurred for the eight plant and seed characters studied. It was most frequent for yield of seed and height of plant. Mean squares for general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were significant (P =.01) for all characters. The estimated components for gca were greater than for sca for days to mature, weight per bushel, and percent oil in the seed; less for height and yield of seed; and essentially the same for days to bloom, diameter of head, and weight per 1000 seeds.The yield of seed and percent oil in the seed, for the highest ranking 100 synthetics that could be composed from the 10 lines, was predicted in F6 assuming 50 and 60% outcrossing between F2 and F6. Virtually all values exceeded the mean performance of four check samples of commercial hybrids. Many exceeded the highest rank check for oil content in the seed. Fourteen of the highest ranking 100 synthetics for yield and 30 for oil content consisted of two or three lines. It was concluded that synthetics can be superior to the present hybrids in heterosis and that desirable synthetics can be made from only a few lines.

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