scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE THICKNESS OF THE INTIMA-MEDIA COMPLEX IN CHILDREN WITH FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
D. I. Sadykova ◽  
L. F. Galimova ◽  
I. V. Leontyeva ◽  
E. S. Slastnikova
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Early Diagnostics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Common

Objective:to evaluate the diagnostic significance of measuring the thickness of the intima-media complex (IMC) in children with autosomal dominant familial hypercholesterolemia for early diagnostics and prompt treatment of atherosclerosis.Materials and methods.The study included 109 children – 64 children with familial hypercholesterolemia and 45 healthy children. Both groups were divided into 2 subgroups according to the age – from 3 to 8 years and from 9 to 18 years. We measured the intimamedia thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery in all the children. To evaluate IMT we used an ultrasound scanner HD11XE (Philips, USA) with a linear (3–12MHz) sensor IMT.Results.We found a statistically significant difference (p=0.012) of the IMT of the common carotid artery in children with familial hypercholesterolemia (0.61 ± 0.02 mm) in comparison with the control group (0.49±0.02 mm), starting from the age of 9 years. There were no sex differences of IMT in patients older than 9 years.Conclusion.We found that children with familial hypercholesterolemia have higher values of IMT already from the age of 9 as compared with healthy children; the increase in TCIM is an additional criterion for the early diagnostics of atherosclerosis and evaluation of cardiovascular risk. These results emphasize the relevance of lipid-lowering therapy for patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in childhood, before the first signs of atherosclerosis appear.

scholarly journals Prevalence and clinical significance of the triticeal cartilage

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Rabia Koca ◽  
Zeliha Fazlıoğulları ◽  
Kaz›m Serhan Keleşoğlu ◽  
Mustafa Koplay ◽  
Ahmet Kağan Karabulut
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The Common ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: The triticeal cartilage can be misidentified as an atheromatous plaque in the common carotid artery in radiological images. It is very important to correctly define these two structures and distinguish from each other. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the shape, length, width and the anatomical position of the triticeal cartilage to prevent the interpretation of its presence as an atheromaous plaque or any other pathology located in the neck. Methods: This study was performed retrospectively on 200 CT images of adult patients (age≥20 years; 128 males, 72 females). The shape, size and localization of triticeal cartilage were examined and its prevalence was determined. Results: Triticeal cartilage was not present in 63 cases. It was present unilaterally in 42 cases and bilaterally in 95. The cartilage was located at the C4 level most frequently. The triticeal cartilage was identified under 7 types as circle, double circle, oval, hook, ring, triangle and rod. Circle type was the most common. There was a statistically significant difference for the presence of ring type cartilage between males and females (p<0.05). Although the mean cartilage length and width were higher in males than females, this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The presence of the triticeal cartilage should be considered in the diagnosis of atheroma in carotid arteries. In order to distinguish the triticeal cartilage from other surrounding structures, the shape, level and size of the cartilage must be known.

scholarly journals Remodeling of the common carotid artery in oncohematological pathology by ultrasound

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
V. D. Koptev ◽  
V. V. Nimaev ◽  
V. N. Gorchakov
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Malignant Lymphomas ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Morphological Modification ◽  
The Common

The aimis the assessment of structural and functional state of common carotid artery by ultrasound in patients with non-Hodgkin malignant lymphomas (NHML) before and after chemotherapy.Materials and methods.The common carotid artery of 111 patients at different stages of NHML were examined via a “LOGIC 400” ultrasound.Results.The common carotid artery of patients with NHML is undergoing morphological modification with changes in thickness and diameter, which corresponds to a hypertrophic type of remodeling. There is an increase in the thickness of the complex “intima-media” and Kernogan`s index with decreasing the common carotid artery diameter by comparison with the control group. Chemotherapy improves the parameters of the common carotid artery while reducing the thickness of the complex “intima-media” and Kernogan`s index at different stages of NHML.Conclusion.Remodeling of the common carotid artery is associated with the developmental stage of NHML. Chemotherapy leads to an improvement of the morphological parameters of the common carotid artery, which evaluates the effect of the treatment.

Endothelial-Dependent Vasodilation Is Impaired in Children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD).

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3778-3778
Author(s):  
Mariane De Montalembert ◽  
Yacine Aggoun ◽  
Assa Niakate ◽  
Isabelle Szezepanski ◽  
Damien Bonnet
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dependent Flow ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Flow Mediated Vasodilation

Abstract Impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation has been reported in steady-state SCD adult patients, and could contribute to the occurrence of vaso-occlusive events. In order to study whether vascular tone abnormalities could be also observed in SCD children, we enrolled 21 SCD steady-state children (18 homozygous SS, 3 S-b0 thalassemics); 12 males, 9 females, mean aged 10.4 ± 3.3 yrs, mean Hb level: 7.6 ± 1.0 g/dL. None had had a transfusion in the 3 previous months, nor were treated with hydroxyurea. These SCD children were compared to a control group of 23 Afro-Caribbean AA and AS controls matched for age and gender. Blood pressure and vascular function parameters were measured after the child had been recumbent for at least 10 minutes. Flow-mediated (FMD) and nitroglycerine-mediated (GTNMD) dilation of the brachial artery were examined in cases and controls using echotracking techniques. Additionally, intima-media thickness (IMT) and mechanical properties of the common carotid artery were measured using previously described methods. Blood pressures in SCD and control children were comparable. IMT was not different in SCD children (0.42 ± 0.06 mm) vs controls (0.42 ± 0.03 mm). Systolic and diastolic diameters of the common carotid artery were significantly higher in SCD children than in controls (respectively, 6.8 ± 0.8 vs 5.7 ± 0.4, p<0.001, and 5.7 ±0.7 vs 5.0 ± 0.4 mm, p< 0.005) but the stiffness of the common carotid artery was not different in SCD children and in controls. Finally, FMD was significantly decreased in SCD children vs controls (5.6 ± 0.2 vs 8.0 ± 0.2 %, p: 0.008), while GTNMD was comparable in SCD patients and controls. We hypothesize that the increase of the carotid artery diameters, without modification of the distensibility, is related to the higher cardiac output secondary to anemia. Interestingly, we observed a significant decrease of the endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in SCD children, which had never been reported before. This could result of impaired NO bioavailability, correlated with enhanced arginase activity and hemolysis rate. Oral arginine supplementation in SCD children could be an appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Intimomedial thickness of the vertebral arteries complex: A new useful parameter for the assessment of atheroclerotic process?

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera Jovanikic ◽  
Toplica Lepic ◽  
Ranko Raicevic ◽  
Dragana Veljancic ◽  
Andjelka Ristic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Common ◽  
Carotid Circulation ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Bacground/Aim. An integral part of Doppler ultrasound examination of cervical blood vessels is determination of intimomedial thicknes (IMT) of the common carotid. The aim of the study was to estimate the relations between IMT of the common carotid and vertebral arteries in order to determine if the value of IMT obtained on the vertebral artery could be applied in clinical practice. Methods. We measured IMT in a randomized, prospective and crosssectional study, performed on 50 persons both sexes (29 men and 21 women), at the age from 18 to 79 years (mean age 52.4 ? 17.63 years). All the persons were healthy, what was confirmed with clinical examination and laboratory analyses. Measurements were perfomed from January 2006 until September 2008. Intimomedial thickness was recorded by twodimensional ultrasonography in B-mode on both common carotid arteries: one value was obtained as average of three successeful measurements (measurements were perform on different places). We measured IMT on the first segment of both vertebral arteries, 1.5 cm proximal from the connection of the first and second segments (we got results of the measurement of IMT on the vertebral arteries in the same way: mean value from the three records). Results. (IMT = 0.782 ? 0.248 mm), obtained from 50 healthy persons, was higher than that measured on the vertabral artery on the first segment (IMT = 0.585 ? 0.134 mm). The values of IMT after measurement on two different places were statistically highly different (t = 7.03, SD = 0.028, p < 0.01). Coefficient of variability of IMT values in carotid circulation (CV = 34.4%) was higher than that in vertebral circulation (22.9%). Values of IMT on vertebral arteries were in statistically significant correlation with those in carotid circulation (r = 0.24 and t- = 2.48; p < 0.02). There were no statistically significant difference between IMT measurement on the right and the left side so they were analysed as the same set Conclusion. Values of IMT on the vertebral arteries are one more undependent parameter of doplersonographic examination of cervical vessels, which significantly correlates with IMT values on common carotid artery. Variability of this parameter is lower, and absolute values lower than the same in the common carotid artery. Therefore, this parameter is probably not so sensitive. On the other hand, lower variability of IMT values on the vertebral artery might be of higher specificity for prediction of atherosclerotic progress by the increased values of this parameter than based on IMT values obtained on the common carotid arteries.

scholarly journals Correlation between different LDL-R mutations and response to ab-PCSK9 therapy in a group of patient with genetic diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Preliminary report

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Buonaiuto ◽  
M Gentile ◽  
I.L Calcaterra ◽  
C Giacobbe ◽  
M Tripaldella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Ldlr Gene ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Compound Heterozygotes

Abstract Introduction Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease that leads to premature cardiovascular disease (CAD). The availability of ab-PCSK9 has changed the approach to therapy. Purpose To evaluate the relationship between different types of mutations in LDLR gene and response to ab-PCSK9. Methods 73 FH patients, 33 women and 40 men (53.9±13. yrs), in primary prevention (N=46) and secondary prevention (N=27), were recruited. This sample included patients with mutations in LDLR gene: heterozygotes for missense mutations (N=31), for null mutations (N=31), compound heterozygotes or homozygotes (N=11). At baseline, the whole sample had a maximally tolerated lipid lowering therapy (MT-LLT) without ab-PCSK9; 16 patients had MT-LLTs intolerance. After 160 days with ab-PCSK9 therapy we evaluated the achievement of a goal (LDL-C&lt;70 mg/dL in primary prevention without Diabetes Mellitus, LDL-C&lt;55 mg/dL). Results After 160 days of therapy with ab-PCSK9 (45 patients on Alirocumab, 28 patients on Evolocumab) and MT-LLT, 29/73 patients (39.7%) of the whole sample achieve the goal of LDL-C. Of them 14/29 (48.2%) were in primary prevention, 15/29 (51.7%) in secondary prevention, no difference in achievement of the goal. We then evaluated the percent of patients achieving the goal of LDL-C: 15/31 (48.3%) patients with missense mutation and 14/31 (45.1%) patients with null mutation, no significant difference among groups; 0/11 compound heterozygotes or homozygotes; 3/16 (18.7%) MT-LLTs intolerance. The other main cardiovascular risk factors did not influence of the achievement the goal of LDL cholesterol. Conclusions Lack of correlation between type of mutation in heterozygous FH patients and ab-PCSK9 therapy response; response was significantly poorest in patients with compound heterozygosis or homozygosis mutation as compared to heterozygotes; the intolerance to MT-LLT was significant in the achievement of the goal of LDL-C. Different between guideline 2016 vs 2019 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Clinical and molecular interrelations of dislipidemia and metabolic phenotype of osteoarthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-398
Author(s):  
M. A. Kabalyk ◽  
A. B. Sunyaykin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Common

The work purpose: analysis of lipid parameters and inflammation markers in metabolic phenotype (MPh) osteoarthritis (OA) in correlation with the clinical manifestations of the disease. The study involved 90 patients with OA of the knee (average age of 64.66±8.43 year), of which 37 patients were with Diabetes mellitus type 2 (group MPh OA). 25 comparable volunteers were a control group. Lipid levels, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), vasculo-endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), atherosclerotic changes of the common carotid artery by ultrasound were determined for all patients. It is shown that when MPh OA patients have a higher atherogenic index (as compared with the control group and patients with OA without the MPh), a greater thickness of the intima-media complex of the common carotid artery and the imbalance of cytokines in favor of increased pro-inflammatory molecules. In MPh OA group there was correlation of atherogenic lipids with proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α), a marker of endothelial damage (VEGF-A) and clinical manifestations of OA. Thus, the results of the analysis confirm the important role of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in the pathogenesis of MPh OA, in particular indicate the possibility of integrating factors of cardiovascular comorbidity via molecular patterns IL-1β, TNF-α, VEGF-A.

scholarly journals OR-022 Effects of aerobic exercise on the hemodynamics and structure of the common carotid artery in obese adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxia Shi ◽  
Ling Cao ◽  
Xianzhe Xu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
The Common

Objective With the population of obese adolescents increases dramatically, a series of cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerotic, are triggered by obese which seriously threatens the life and health of teenagers. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise intervention on the hemodynamics and structure of the common carotid artery in obese adolescents. Methods  Forty obese adolescents (18 ± 2years) were randomly assigned into the experimental group (EG; n = 20) and control group (CG; n = 20). EG undertook 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training (AET), CG had not any exercise intervention. The carotid artery of both CG and EG were examined and compared. Carotid artery responses were assessed in both groups. Color doppler ultrasound was used to determine the tube diameter and axial flow of the common carotid before and after exercise intervention. The heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were simultaneously measured on the left brachial artery by a sphygmomanometer. Results Compared with CG, there were improvements of EG in peripheral resistance (22.90±6.70 VS 29.58±8.71. p＜0.01) and Systolic blood pressure (123.57±7.36 VS 130.25±6.79. p＜0.05) were verified after AET, except diastolic blood pressure. Following AET, blood flow velocity (0.28±0.05 VS 0.21±0.05. p＜0.01) and wall shear stress (6.25±0.90 VS 4.97±1.54. p＜0.05) increased prominently, which were also significant differences only in EG. In contrast, the vascular diameter demonstrated consistently upper compared with CG, but no differences between EG and CG. Conclusions  Regular aerobic exercise lasting 12 weeks could effectively change the dynamic parameters of the common carotid artery in obese adolescents, but no changes in arterial diameter. These findings indicated that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise can induce some changes of the common carotid artery blood flow within the circulation function in a short time. But the changing in common carotid arteries structure is needed after a long-term blood flow to the stimulation.

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